Adjustable switch mode power supply tutorial

  Переглядів 269,817

Afrotechmods

Afrotechmods

9 років тому

A tutorial on feedback resistors in DC-DC converters and how to build a high current adjustable power supply using an LM2678.
Check out my webpage for more electronics! www.afrotechmods.com
=================================================
Parts:
LM2678T-ADJ:
octopart.com/lm2678t-adjnopb-t...
Input electrolytic cap:
octopart.com/eeu-fm1h221-ecg-2...
Output electrolytic cap:
octopart.com/eeu-fr1c102b-pana...
Input and output ceramic caps:
octopart.com/partsearch#!?q=UM...
Bootstrap cap:
octopart.com/c420c104k5r5ta720...
Schottky diode:
octopart.com/stps5l60-stmicroe...
22uH inductor:
octopart.com/aiap-03-220-k-abr...
Potentiometer:
octopart.com/p090s-14t20br10k-...
Schematic:
i.imgur.com/XkGTV09.jpg
Twitter: / afrotechmods
Facebook: / afrotechmods

КОМЕНТАРІ: 168
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 5 років тому
Interested in learning about wireless power? Subscribers can get up to 80% off my course Wireless Power to the People - Wireless Charging 101 on udemy using the coupon code "UKposts" www.udemy.com/wireless-power-to-the-people-wireless-charging-101/?couponCode=UKposts
@greatscottlab
@greatscottlab 9 років тому
As always really nicely explained!
@JFrap
@JFrap 9 років тому
your no noob to voltage dividers. or.... /a subscriber of yours.
@craveskill2574
@craveskill2574 6 років тому
OMG your project is awesome wifi rgb led show me in video :)
@markb1911
@markb1911 11 місяців тому
The way you explained the voltage feedback comparison process for regulation in the dc-dc ic is simply art. The art of explaining complexity so well that it suddenly becomes simple things in cooperation. Great video.
@TheAmmoniacal
@TheAmmoniacal 9 років тому
Love that Back To The Future reference!
@luciddreams5677
@luciddreams5677 5 років тому
I thought I would never understand the function of electronic components. Thanks to your channel. You put things in simple words, in witch I could understand & not sound like my class instructor speaking in a foreign-language. Thank you
@ppdan
@ppdan 9 років тому
Checked lots of SMPS tutorials but your series was the most comprehensive I've found. I don't understand why you SMPS tutorial series doesn't get more views.
@happyhippr
@happyhippr 8 років тому
This video is so well put together. Clear, Consice, informative, and just enough extra info to lead you to further research. So helpful.. Thank you! --SO EE preparing for summer internship
@KX36
@KX36 9 років тому
A few ponits if I may, The usual reason for keeping the value of feedback resistors low is to reduce the error due to the feedback pin's input bias current. The variable resistor will present less risk to loop stability if it is in the lower part of the voltage divider as the upper resistor is in the AC transfer function while the lower resistor (for the most part) is not. X1 mode on a X10 probe has a MUCH lower bandwidth than the X10 mode. You should use the X10 mode where possible. If you want to minimise noise, you may be able to use the short ground spring clip rather than the long croc clip if you have a close enough ground point.
@misterannonymus7560
@misterannonymus7560 5 років тому
You really saved my day after i heared the Linear Voltage regulators are not very efficient, unless you want to heat your whole room. At first i was very irritated what component values i should use, but you explained the Voltage Divider very well, thank you very much 👍
@RC_Engineering
@RC_Engineering 9 років тому
Insanely helpful, thank you from an EE student.
@charlielu05
@charlielu05 9 років тому
Absolutely love your videos! Please do make more! Learning so much from just watching them!
@EntirePooch
@EntirePooch 11 місяців тому
Really awesome video, especially going into detail about the EMI stuff
@rosspainting9499
@rosspainting9499 8 років тому
hey i love your videos you taught me so much you cant even imagine how thankful i am
@uvlight
@uvlight 9 років тому
Great video, very easy to understand. combined nicely with your op amp & buck converter tutorial video.
@Ale_Dev
@Ale_Dev 2 місяці тому
This video is excellent and it was made 9 years ago... I liked that 1.21GWatts reference xD
@thuyavansathiamurthi3592
@thuyavansathiamurthi3592 Рік тому
This is a super solid tutorial, thank you so much!!!
@noweare1
@noweare1 7 років тому
Excellent video, good advice just using the switcher chip. Keep 'em coming.
@arthurcascardo7202
@arthurcascardo7202 6 років тому
Very good video, i have been looking for an explanation on that for a long time, and i'm really glad i found yours
@Prayimario
@Prayimario 9 років тому
Ah, so this explains how internal self-caused interference screws stuff up? Thanks very much for this tutorial, and as always, they are extremely helpful.
@dko4882
@dko4882 8 років тому
2:35 - Electronics have never been funnier. So good, these videos!
@TECHNO_TURK
@TECHNO_TURK 7 років тому
@1:27 1.21 Giga Watts
@yahnsolo
@yahnsolo 6 років тому
3:05 also
@Migueldeservantes
@Migueldeservantes 8 років тому
You did help me way back when.. and I'm very grateful, I always enjoy a lot your videos, thank you very much
@LukasBonny
@LukasBonny 9 років тому
Great tutorial!
@aspadeisaspadee7847
@aspadeisaspadee7847 8 років тому
awesome video. keep it up. i learned a lot watching your video which i couldnt in a year spent in college. thanks so much!
@stephenirwin2761
@stephenirwin2761 2 роки тому
Nicely done!
@visionofwellboyofficial
@visionofwellboyofficial 8 років тому
I like your turtorials
@revealingfacts4all
@revealingfacts4all 9 років тому
Very happy you're back to making these videos. I absolutely love your teaching style and the format. Love the humor injections. I'm also a fan of EEVBlog, but prefer your content more so. Dave's channel, while good at times, waste too much time with nonsense like mailbag segment and tours of maker fairs at other times. I hope the patreon thing works out for you.
@kokosdame
@kokosdame 8 років тому
Hi. Very nice and interesting videos for me. My question is how can I increase the Ampers on the same circuit?
@Ghostpalace
@Ghostpalace 9 років тому
Nice video! Keep up the good work!
@amingholizad
@amingholizad 9 років тому
thanks Can you teach us how to add current limiter to this that can limit output current from 0 to 3A in a new video??
@amontodd551
@amontodd551 7 років тому
Awesome video! Do you have a circuit for constant current control? It'd be super handy for driving LED's as well as over current protecting for testing prototype circuits.etc
@braincelluniverse
@braincelluniverse 9 років тому
Fantastic Tutorial! I have been looking for a regulator that can be controlled via digital potentiometer but am having trouble finding one with a high wiper current. The end goal is to send messages to the digipot via Arduino to manipulate voltage.
@TheSupertecnology
@TheSupertecnology 6 років тому
That reference from Back to the Future, awesome hahaha
@uberDoward
@uberDoward 9 років тому
Great video, love it!
@kamalchahlaoui8242
@kamalchahlaoui8242 7 років тому
nice video bro . thanks . but what is the input and max output voltage ?
@TheBobbyB86
@TheBobbyB86 7 років тому
Would a shielded inductor help with the interference?
@TraceWaters
@TraceWaters 9 років тому
Love the videos. I'm pretty new to electronics and am trying to figure out a way to make an efficient high powered LED driver. Right now I use a boost converter to get the 44 volts and 1.5 amps I need. Any suggestions? Oh and all audible frequencies should be in the key of D minor, the saddest of all keys.
@stemmaster1568
@stemmaster1568 8 років тому
One point twenty-one gigawats! GREAT SCOTT!!!
@stemmaster1568
@stemmaster1568 8 років тому
I'll have to move to the UK then lol, where I live there are people going mayhem with plutonium guns and Delorians.
@Aboamer31
@Aboamer31 9 років тому
Thank you, u r better than university
@amikhimji
@amikhimji 9 років тому
Great video thanks
@assalachraf4110
@assalachraf4110 3 роки тому
Very informative Thanks (y)
@amingholizad
@amingholizad 9 років тому
thanks. can you take the build a step further and make a power supply with adjustable current and voltage together?
@mahmoudmetwally1920
@mahmoudmetwally1920 9 років тому
Can you please start a series on batteries with your excellent way of explanation. I mean its types, characteristics and how to charge them etc... Thank you.
@adama1294
@adama1294 5 років тому
Cool video. How can this be adapted for very high currents to charge very big batteries?
@ProXicT
@ProXicT 9 років тому
Could you make a tutorial for bench power supply with voltage and current regulator? It would be excelent!
@TheVVane
@TheVVane 9 років тому
Nice video thnx :) Can I add current limiter to this that can limit output current from 0 to 3A in this circuits ??
@heshamhamed1712
@heshamhamed1712 9 років тому
I am making a buck converter with an input of 48 volts and outputs 24 volts 10 amperes, in that case i just need a different IC and component values right?
@ilmionomefattimiei
@ilmionomefattimiei 9 років тому
Good video! 👍 Afrotechmods can you please do a video also on a FM transmitter receiver? a while back you've done one in which you explain the AM transmitting principle.... So can you do a video in which you explain the theory behind the FM transmitter and the receiver... Maybe just a simple circuit would be more than enough to understand correctly the working principle because I have already read on wikipedia the frequency modulation metod... But i want to have some formulas on which i can relate on... For example the exact coil and capacitor dimension... etc.. Thanks anyway :)
@dougholsted348
@dougholsted348 8 років тому
I have a big heavy transformer from an old camper battery charger. With a large bridge rectifier and capacitor I can get DC (crude). Will this work as the V in for the Buck converter? Love your videos, thanks for all you do.
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 8 років тому
+doug holsted Probably, yes. To be safe make sure you measure the unloaded peak voltage of your rectified DC and make sure that's within the range of the buck converter's max input.
@Avionics1958
@Avionics1958 9 років тому
thank you very much
@faridkhan7854
@faridkhan7854 6 років тому
Hi Plz can u make a current regulator. To deliver stable current to drive of led or other loads with precise controlled currents
@shad0wburn3d
@shad0wburn3d 9 років тому
Greatness. Cheers.
@FreebitNL
@FreebitNL 8 років тому
Really good videos! I wonder it is also possible to use a 555 timer and control the PWM automatically?
@cameraman1234567890
@cameraman1234567890 3 роки тому
I imagine yes, but you need a feedback IC that could control the 555 timer
@norwinsolano7799
@norwinsolano7799 7 років тому
I'd like to build a 50W AC to DC transformer. What do you recomend?
@stephenbrao9203
@stephenbrao9203 9 років тому
Would you be able to achieve a similar result with a MOSFET instead of a simple switcher?
@karlacha8560
@karlacha8560 9 років тому
aside from noise, what are the limitations in choosing the practical values of the feedback resistors especially the amount of current the power supply would allow. also, in reality, the voltage divider equation only accounts to a no-load condition. it would be different when loaded.
@Mladjasmilic
@Mladjasmilic 9 років тому
Please do a videos about UPS , DC-DC step up and simple controler for up to 20kw DC electric car with regen .
@ali10163
@ali10163 8 років тому
Can you do a video on buck-boost converters?
@milejukic3297
@milejukic3297 7 років тому
Is there such circuit for 10 or more amps, or is it possible to add powerful FET to increase output current?
@yangzhang2839
@yangzhang2839 8 років тому
hi,i have a constant 15v dc power source,and i want to use pwm signal to control the buck converter,then i need the controllable output voltage.add the pwm signal on FB pin? and how to do that?
@wewwewew670
@wewwewew670 7 років тому
hello is it neccesary to put a diode in the output so that the battery wont flow back to the circuit?
@aymanzayed
@aymanzayed 8 років тому
if u have smps ac/ dc like cell phone charger do u know how to make it 12 v instead 5v?
@glaizadecierdo8154
@glaizadecierdo8154 3 роки тому
hi good day..can i use a 3.7v battery for the input?
@mattkingston08
@mattkingston08 7 років тому
Can anything be added t this to limit the max current at the output thus making an adjustable cc supply?thanks in advance.
@guitarguy3688
@guitarguy3688 6 років тому
Can you explain bootstrap configuration please
@emilioyahoo
@emilioyahoo 6 років тому
if my loas isn't grounded, do i still need the divider?
@espenbgh2540
@espenbgh2540 8 років тому
How about ripple and or spikes on the output(like with the buck conv.) - it's the same Circuit 2678?How about the front end(in) just a transformer and a diode bridge?What is the efficiency with this Circuit(?) and the cooling af Circuit(?) any special needs drawing 3 Amp at 5 or 12 V?A complementary Circuit for negative supply?Have a nice day.EB from the other side of the sea.
@Razor2048
@Razor2048 9 років тому
What about those variable boost converters. e.g., some will take in 5V but output 6-15 volts? Also if you keep adding capacitance (e.g., multiple electrolytic and ceramic caps), will you reach a point where you can get rid of all of the ripple, or is it impossible to filter out all ripple from the switching regulator?
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 9 років тому
Variable boost converter video is a Patreon milestone and will likely come soon. It's impossible to filter out ALL ripple but after a certain point it becomes so small you won't even care. Adding more capacitance will help but adding additional LC filtering is a more cost effective method. You could also add a linear regulator stage.
@powapumas38FTW
@powapumas38FTW 5 років тому
Very interesting video :) but, I've a question. How can i control this circuit with an Microcontroller (Aka Arduino)? I was thinking to use digital potentiometer but this isn't a good idea because they have few steps. Thank you :)
@chethanraju6647
@chethanraju6647 5 років тому
Hello, i want to design an SMPS with 5v USB input and dual output of 12v and 5V for Battery and Ardunio respectively. I would request you to suggest a PCB board or an IC. Thanks and Regards
@Eratas1
@Eratas1 9 років тому
Can i simulate feedback with microcontroller? How? Im thinking building my own Solar MPPT controller.
@HakureiMikko
@HakureiMikko 9 років тому
Excellent video as always! I only have one question: How about using a potentiometer with it's outer terminals tied to the rails and the viper to the feedback pin? How would it compare to the fixed resistors + pot in your configuration?
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 9 років тому
Don't do that. If you do this you could easily end up shorting the feedback pin to ground or to your high voltage output.
@HakureiMikko
@HakureiMikko 9 років тому
Ah, but of course. I didn't think of that. Thank's for the clarification.
@DigGil3
@DigGil3 9 років тому
Ahh! In previous videos, you'd recommend using KiloOhm range resistors for voltage reference, but you had never really explained what was that for. Now I understand! It's a signal-to-noise thing, then.
@Psycho4Ever666
@Psycho4Ever666 8 років тому
+Afrotechmods Hi I found not really information about this: I asked myself whether it is possible to directly feed a voltage into the Feedback Input via an Operational amplifier or not?
@codebeard
@codebeard 8 років тому
How would you go about building an adjustable power supply which can drop all the way to 0V or close to it (e.g. 0.1V)? All the circuits I've seen using these chips have a minimum output voltage of 1.2V. I suppose you could try to amplify the signal to the feedback pin so that rather than dividing the voltage you multiply it?
@fede142857
@fede142857 8 років тому
Personally, I would use a fixed voltage divider on the output, and then feed its output to a comparator input; the other input would go to the wiper of a potentiometer; its ends would then be connected to a TL431 or similar voltage reference. The comparator output could then be fed into a pass transistor for a linear power supply (I tested this on a simulator and it works flawlessly) or, I suppose (I could be wrong so don't quote me on that), that it could also go to the feedback pin of a regulator IC such as the LM2678 shown on the video. If, for example, your voltage reference is 2.5V, and you want an output range from 0 to 25 volts, you could use a voltage divider with a 9 to 1 resistor ratio (which would divide the output by 10)
@CoolDudeClem
@CoolDudeClem 9 років тому
Goodbye LM317!
@robot797
@robot797 9 років тому
true that
@mrjohhhnnnyyy5797
@mrjohhhnnnyyy5797 9 років тому
Not really, for small power linear regulators is OK. Another advantage is absence of HF noise caused by switching
@PaganiTypeR
@PaganiTypeR 9 років тому
MrJohhhnnnyyy plus lm317 is way cheaper than lm2678. So in a lot of projects it'll be more preferable than lm2678
@mrjohhhnnnyyy5797
@mrjohhhnnnyyy5797 9 років тому
MelectroU Of course, and it's not picky to construct. As you saw in this video, you have to lay out components properly to get good performance. I use switchers too, but sayin' that linear ones is not needed anymore is just... wrong
@thorstimon
@thorstimon 7 років тому
depends from delta V.
@ringbaer8396
@ringbaer8396 6 років тому
can i load a smartphones lithium ionen akku with it, or is it a bad idea (no current limitation)?
@girishnimje9213
@girishnimje9213 9 років тому
Can I use an Electrolytic or Ceramic cap in place of Bootstrap cap
@OriginalDeadGuy
@OriginalDeadGuy 9 років тому
1:26, doc you trying to build a time machine by any chance?
@dth2731
@dth2731 6 років тому
If the signal from the feedback voltage divider was sent to an Arduino Uno analog input and an output mapped to this signal sent back to the feedback pin of the LM2678T , would the Arduino be able to control the voltage output? Asking because I have no clue.
@mediaguardian
@mediaguardian 9 років тому
In this video and others (using an LM317) you showed how to regulate voltage and hold it constant, even if the load changed. But how do you regulate current (i.e. hold it fixed) regardless of output voltage or load?
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 9 років тому
You want what is called a constant current source. You can make a linear one out of an LM317 but you can also make a switch mode one.
@JoaoFerreira-bi8wt
@JoaoFerreira-bi8wt 9 років тому
Afrotechmods Could that be done with another LM267T-ADJ?
@pasty734
@pasty734 8 років тому
can you please tell me the difference between this PWM and the one you made with an NE555 ?
@christyh.7343
@christyh.7343 9 років тому
Could you use 2 of these circuits to run say 1 string of LEDs. To have a "low" and a "high" setting? As in for LED tail lights on a car. So you would have the "low" (normal driving lights) then a secondary circuit connected to the brakes that would be set to a higher voltage to emulate the brake lights? I'd imagine there would need to be an added component or two. As in diodes on the outputs where the voltage wouldn't backfeed. Thought about trying this on some custom tail lights I might be building in the near future. or even a possible 3rd for a certain design in the LED's. Also obviously some of the components would have to be upgraded to handle more currently as some components are rated at 5 A
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 9 років тому
Well ideally you'd want to use a constant current LED driver circuit which would be similar to this buck converter but with current feedback instead of voltage feedback. If you want to hack this design, try using some mosfets or a digital potentiometer to change the effective feedback resistor values to get different voltages.
@SlydinAE86
@SlydinAE86 9 років тому
Afrotechmods hmmmm that makes sense. Thanks I'll look into that.
@SlydinAE86
@SlydinAE86 9 років тому
Afrotechmods hmmmm that makes sense. Thanks I'll look into that.
@tusharkumarchawda3085
@tusharkumarchawda3085 8 років тому
I have step down transformer of 24V, 1.5A supply using rectifiers and buck converter can i get 5 A supply
@MyMinecraftmodz
@MyMinecraftmodz 8 років тому
Will this work to get 42v out for my battery pack?
@andrekissoon5047
@andrekissoon5047 9 років тому
can i run an amp on this and can i purchase it
@tmc200527
@tmc200527 9 років тому
What were you using for the input voltage source?
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 9 років тому
I was just using my bench power supply
@SuperBlackReality
@SuperBlackReality 6 років тому
Why do you use 1k resistor after potentiometer? You said that if you connect it straight, it will output 1.21V, so why 'limit it' to minimum 2.5V?
@Korupt0
@Korupt0 7 років тому
wouldnt you need a flux capacitor for that? 😁... subscribed
@minutz99
@minutz99 9 років тому
at 3:50 minutes the output resistor are 10k-1k-1k but at 4:00 minutes are 10M-1M-1M what is the correct value?
@leidyyohanarodriguezcalzad4670
@leidyyohanarodriguezcalzad4670 9 років тому
I want to use a LM2679 to design a 1.25 - 30V with adjustable Current limit power supply, does anyone have any idea for where to start?
@szafran1543
@szafran1543 7 років тому
Great video! I have a question. Can we just use potentiometer as voltage divider? Why use voltage divider AND pot? If no, please tell me why. Thanks :)
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 7 років тому
If you think about it, moving the pot to one extreme end or the other will result in a direct connection between the feedback pin and ground or feedback and Vout. You can get away with this in certain situations but I wanted to show a resilient design to my audience.
@szafran1543
@szafran1543 7 років тому
Ok, thanks. Can you tell, just for curiosoty, why it can be a bad idea to connect this connection directly to Vcc or ground?
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 7 років тому
szafran Depends on how the feedback circuitry is designed. Could damage it. It's the type of thing you need to read about in the datasheet.
@szafran1543
@szafran1543 7 років тому
Understood, thanks
@peshmadscientist1833
@peshmadscientist1833 7 років тому
I doubt it would hurt to just use a pot for feedback, unless data sheet gives a minimum resistance between output and feedback. This looks like a really interesting chip. wonder if more powerful versions have been since developed.....
@imthe107
@imthe107 4 роки тому
can be a similar circuit with a LM2679?? I would like to use it because give more current in the output
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 4 роки тому
Yes! The LM2679 will be very similar.
@imthe107
@imthe107 4 роки тому
@@Afrotechmods ok thanks for the answer i will they with the same components or similars thanks and great video
@philipvernejules9926
@philipvernejules9926 3 роки тому
.......the switchode power supply can interfere with itself .... Naw ,, I'm too mature for purile humour. I'll leave it alone .
@symik3
@symik3 9 років тому
May i ask the eagle file?
@freeflaminginfinite917
@freeflaminginfinite917 9 років тому
Caught that Back to the Future reference there (1:27). Lucky your not trying to power the flux capacitor or you'd need some kind of lightening power source...
@jaimebarr8426
@jaimebarr8426 8 років тому
1.21 gigawatts! You kill me.
@kyleg.5041
@kyleg.5041 9 років тому
can you do a video one LC low pass filters
@rheyjen006
@rheyjen006 7 років тому
So I can make a 12V-1.5V output out of 15VDC?
@DolezalPetr
@DolezalPetr 7 років тому
yes
@budstran2121
@budstran2121 5 років тому
What should be changed to make 1.5v or even lower?
@j5892000
@j5892000 4 роки тому
So the variable resistor is controlling the transistor
@espenbgh2540
@espenbgh2540 8 років тому
1.21 gigawatts yeah man "into the future"
@camoman619
@camoman619 7 років тому
Theoretically, couldn't you have the switching power supply at about the voltage you want and then run it through a linear voltage regulator to get a smooth D.C. Voltage with minimal heat on the linear voltage regulator? You would probably need a pot that is like a DPDT switch where you basically have 2 separate pots controlled by one knob to control the voltage output of the switching power supply and the linear regulator.
@camoman619
@camoman619 7 років тому
Or would capacitors do the job of smoothing out the ripples?
@Afrotechmods
@Afrotechmods 7 років тому
Yes, hybrid power supplies like that exist for cleaner outputs.
DC-DC Boost converter tutorial
6:06
Afrotechmods
Переглядів 746 тис.
Why electrolytic capacitors are actually kinda crappy 💩
7:21
Afrotechmods
Переглядів 597 тис.
Normal vs Smokers !! 😱😱😱
00:12
Tibo InShape
Переглядів 18 млн
Excited Dog Zooms In and Out of Sliding Door!
00:18
The Pet Collective
Переглядів 16 млн
didn't want to let me in #tiktok
00:20
Анастасия Тарасова
Переглядів 8 млн
Fixing the LongWei LW-K3010D Bench Supply Noise Issue
16:53
TheStuffMade
Переглядів 42 тис.
How SMPS works | What Components We Need? Switched Mode Power Supply
16:38
Switch Mode Power Supply / Battery Charger Repair KT12SM
26:18
Buy it Fix it
Переглядів 33 тис.
Class D Amplifier Tutorial!
8:29
Afrotechmods
Переглядів 733 тис.
Everything you need to know when buying/using an Oscilloscope! EB#49
12:40
What is a schottky diode?
6:02
Afrotechmods
Переглядів 2,2 млн
Pimp My Potentiometer!
15:05
upir
Переглядів 203 тис.
What You Need To Know Before Buying A Boost/Buck Converter
14:11
Schematix
Переглядів 505 тис.
Какой телефон лучше всего снимает? 🤯
0:42
Як знімати з музикою на iPhone #apple #icoola #айфон #айкула #tradein #відновлений #iphone #ремонт
0:18
Android top🔥
0:12
ARGEN
Переглядів 1 млн
Airpods’un Gizli Özelliği mi var?
0:14
Safak Novruz
Переглядів 2,4 млн
С Какой Высоты Разобьётся NOKIA3310 ?!😳
0:43