Excellent. Really enjoyed the content. Truly. Would absolutely recommend. One teeny tiny point of clarification: the Egyptians didn't collapse at this time. Their power did wane. It did retract. But they epmhatically didn't collapse. In fact, they were, essentially, the only power in the mediterranean that continued to be literate. Now, the reasons they Egyptians did better, in my opinion, centers around three big factors which are rarely discussed in videos like this. 1) Egypt was massively LESS dependent on rainfall than any other power. It was somewhat dependent, in that the Nile would have lowered since the upland regions which fed the nile had less rain, but this is very different than depending on rain to fall directly onto your crops. This was a massive advantage that would have made Egypt much more resistant to drought. 2) Egypt was less accessible by sea than other areas. The Nile delta was/is actually a horrible place for ships to dock. (This is why Alexandria was founded well to the side of the Delta) And Egypt was protected on the landwards sides by vast deserts which would have been extremely difficult to attack over (as shown by many other armies in history). This made it easier to defend than most other coastal Mediteranean places, or even places inland from the coastal port areas. 3) Egypt was, by far, the furthest away from the epicenter of the sea-people migration - the Agean. At first this seams counter intuitive, but you have to remember that ships at this time were almost entirely coastal ships, and, when they did venture away from shore, did so ONLY in very specific routes to very specific places. And Egypt was, if you were coming from the Agean/Greece/maybe southern Italy, the LAST place you'll get to if you are following coastal routes. So, in summation, Egypt didn't fall at the end of the bronze age. Its civilization continued, albiet reduced. And the reasons it didn't fall were a mixture of the the same things that created its civilization to begin with (the dependabillity of the Nile to produce food, combined with its absolutely excellent geographic defensive features) and also, the luck of being pretty far from the epicenters of the Sea peoples migrations.

According to Egyptian records, Ramses III defeated the invasion of these peoples twice, once each on land and sea. After which one of the groups agreed to become his vassals in exchange for land. They were settled in Lower Canaan and later known as the Philistines. Archeologists seem to believe Philistine culture in the area began about this time, which lends weight to the idea. A previous king in 1208 had raided the area and basically stripped it of people, so the land would have been mostly empty.

I totally recommend all interested in this subject to watch a Dr Eric H Cline lecture or his book 1177 BC. About the bronze age collapse.

The best I have seen of the people of the sea. When I was 10 years old I visited Pylos for the first time. My question was, how did they get it? Then I thought that the enemies entered the city as friends. So, there were also Greeks among the peoples of the sea. I am now 72. I am glad that the questions I had as a child are being answered.

I cannot get enough of this channel!!! Thank you!!! ☮️🙏🇨🇦🍻

Both , Informative and pleasant to watch , as always ! Thank you !

The best documentary I have seen on this matter, thank you !!!

Very interesting,enjoyed watching the video !

I get the distinct impression that we're going to see this happen again in our lifetime.

Excellent Episode 👍 Similar to alot of current episodes on this subject. A lot more mass graves and destruction layers need to be found. A lot more testing needs to be done¡

Awesome video and great narrator 👍👍

The bronze age collapse sounds like such a horrifying time to alive, imagine every city you've ever known put to the torch, it must've been pure chaos.

Great presentation! Some great perspectives I hadn't heard, before.

One of my favorite series. Great timing also😊

Not a word about the massive gigantic eruption/tsumami/massive earthquakes when that little island literally blew up leaving a huge hole in the ocean. This destroyed the Minoan empire, for example, battles raged in the fall of that mighty power. Also, the climate changed to an extended cold cycle. Warm weather is great for civilizations, cold cycles are very dangerous times.

You can’t forget that the loss of trade and secure trade routes would have definitely contributed as well.

In my own opinion it was a combination of several different catastrophic events, the eruption of Etna, the droughts, the sea people's, who themselves were probably driven by Etna's 🌋,and the sea people's had iron weapons while everyone else were fighting with bronze. So it was one sided in most battles.

I hope they make a tv series about the sea people. They can do anything with it in terms of story telling since there are little known history about the subject.

Thanks, Get. factual.

Another excellent documentary from Get Factual 😎👏🏽 Had no idea a portion of the Philistines attacked these different civilisations, but it makes sense. I kept waiting for the narrator to say ‘the sea people’ were the Vikings though 😂😂😂

Loving this so much 💕💕❤

I like how the experts each pronounce the city different

It was an informative and important historical coverage documentary about the bronze age collapsed and labeled to main reasons include sea 🌊 people raiders ...allot thanks for Get.factual documentary channel for sharing remarkable documentary

They were a product of the Bronze Age not the cause. The transition from bronze to iron leveled every economy based in the tin and copper mining industry of the time. Iron was pretty much everywhere and there was no need to hoard remote mines and keep control on a limited resource. Sort of like oil…….

great stuff

I find ancient history to by very fascinating. This collapse seem to resemble our modern world of 2023. 😮

Amazing. 10/10

Great stuff

Very interesting presentation. I only had a problem with Dr. Mac Sweeney's section. She basically described the ancient proletariat rising up against their bourgeoisie rulers. I think her Karl Marx and French Revolution perspective is a bit out of place here.😊 The Sea Peoples would need the numbers, organization, logistics, and tactical expertise to defeat several advanced civilizations until they crashed into the Egyptians and were repelled. A horde of starving rable would not have these qualities. My question would be about why the major Phonician city states that were in their path were seamingly spared?

My favourite narrator: Alisdair Simpson. Wonderful series on ancient apocalypse.

that was great !

Archaix channel has some great Chronological history on this very subject

The Bronze age began around 3.300 BC, which was the moment of the highest temperature and humidity in the period from the Ice Age Maximum (16.000 BC) to the end of BCE. But this was immediately followed by mini ice age which began around 1500 BC. The Bronze Age was doomed from the beginning, what created it caused its breakdown. A significant drop in temperature and humidity caused several mass migrations in Europe from north to south, from the Eurasian steppes and Baltic to the northern Mediterranean, and this caused new movements, from the northern Mediterranean to the eastern (Sea People).

In Cornwall England the study of tree rings has revealed that around 1179 BC, Cornwall was subjected to 20 years of extraordinary rainfall. Perhaps ruined crops and famine drove those people to France and started the migrations which culminated in the Eastern Mediterranean?

The Indus valley civilization of northwest India, was home to a civilization also known as the Harappan Civilization. It was characterized by large, well-planned cities with advanced municipal sanitation systems and a script that has never been deciphered. But the Harappans seemed to slowly lose their urban cohesion, and their cities were gradually abandoned. The cause mostly accepted is 200 years drought around 4000 years ago.

The best info I have seen on the Sea Peoples remains Nancy Sandars' The Sea Peoples: warriors of the ancient Mediterranean 1250-1150 B. C. (1978)

Great docu, very intresting 👍 Greets from the Netherlands, T.

The fall of all the empires also coincided with the beginning of the Iron Age. Iron needs hot fires to forge and in a cold climate during the post-Minoan warm cycle was quite cold and making big fires to make steel weapons was natural and comfortable.

😮😢its like the Dwarfish letter under the mountain in Tolkien " They are coming. They are here" Except this is real, everyone really died, nobody was alive to return for the buried treasures. 😢😮

Great video. I am not quite convinced about the "disaffection and rioting" factor being all that significant, because getting an invasion fleet together and storming cities cannot be done by a furious mob of rioters - that absolutely requires organisation and coordination, in other words, leadership. There might be an element of projecting our current sociological fads backwards. I also don't quite get why the climate data concentrate on the eastern mediterranean, when it seems the sea people might have come from Greece and Southern Italy (the Szekeler mentioned by Ramses are sometimes associated with Sicily). Drought conditions would have to be experienced there, not in the area they targetted. Why attack an area ravaged by famine? But maybe the video took a shortcut there and drought was indeed present in the central mediterranean as well - a very likely scenario indeed.

fascinating.

Sea PeopleS. There were many nations, as described by the Egyptians. Not one people, but a phenomenon of the age.

To be fair, the Egyptians survived, just in nothing like the form they once were. Everyone else got snuffed out. Great doc though. I think it's pretty clear it was a perfect storm, even if there's a modern tendency to overemphasize climate and underrate invasion. For things to go dark like that, you're looking at foreign mercenaries and disgruntled locals annihilating the upper classes (and plenty of others) everywhere. You don't see new occupants in the palaces, you see them destroyed. You don't see new writing or old writing in new languages, you see none at all. That's a *serious* socio-political change, and a lot of killing, even if it was partially helped along by environmental factors. Egypt (probably) simply had the most cohesive society, and the most time to prepare.

If you ever make another production like this one; please turn the music volume down to the point that people can understand the words that are being used.

I went into a museum in the island of theCanary Islands and was surprised by the pictures of "feathered head" pictures. They looked like the "Sea Peoples".

Big Love

It is a misunderstanding, that 1180 or something is the "end of the Bronze Age". That is true only for a small area in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The Bronze Age continued in Northern Europa without any setback of any kind.

Love the narration in this doc but need to work on the volume of it vs the guest speakers, as they come through much louder than the voiceover. Makes it hard to listen to on headphones.

The one event that this video does not address is the incredible eruption of the volcano on Thera, now Santorini. This would explain the cause of all that they mention., Earthquakes, cooling seas and famine caused by the tremendous ash blocking out the sun for several years. Drought and crop failures. I think the eruption is the key to all of this.

It drives me crazy that in all docs, tv and movies all ancient peoples wore dull looking brown rags and robes when we know from both art and excavations that they wore fitted and colorful clothing unless it was stark white like the Roman togas. Can we get back real representation please?

Please tell me ANYTHING about the Library??? So amazing

I think the Sea peoples will of been the Cargo ships/Merchant Navy's that due to loss of trade, no longer had work or Orders and so became Pirates. They would of known the trade routes and where the money/food was. Similar to the more recent British Pirates we know ,maybe.

You have omitted ENTIRELY a factor inherent in the title: the REPLACEMENT of BRONZE by IRON. The Sea Peoples came with IRON WEAPONS that chopped bronze weapons to pieces.

Experts have been attempting to decode the Glaswegian language for over 30 years. There hoping one day to crack the code. They deep fry mars bars in batter and are absolutely fearless of diabetes, true warriors.

“-They are mysteries. And I am both terrified and reassured that there are things in the universe beyond our explaining.” - G’Kar, on the phenomena associated with Sigma 957

I'm surprised the Trojian War wasn't brought up at all. Greece was in shambles after it and the famines were probably the final straw for the already suffering Greeks

I have come to the startling conclusion that about 3,462 years ago, a global catastrophe occurred that included a partial tilt of the Earth’s axis. The event, while devastating, was not nearly as cataclysmic as the earlier event 7,000 years ago. The Tilt Event caused a change in the Earth’s perpendicular axis of spin to an axial tilt of 23.5 degrees. The most well-known description of the Event comes from Biblical records, particularly Joshua, which describe in some detail the fall of the Walls of Jericho, (a sizeable earthquake) enemy troop being killed by a ‘rain’ of large stones, (showing the event to be associated with some celestial event), and the Sun “standing still in its path” (a tilting of the Earth Axis of rotation). In addition, I have used many other historical references including Egyptian Hieroglyph translation to support the dating and narrative of events defined in this paper. The other major effect of the event is the ‘regression dated” breach of the Strait of Gibraltar. This is the most compelling evidence for the scope of the event. I also think the dating of the eruption of Santorini, or Thera (estimated to have occurred 3,600 years ago) is too close to the date of -3,462 to be more than coincidence. I predict that further testing will establish a date for the Thera eruption to be nearly identical to the regression date of the breach of Gibraltar Strait. The Axis Tilt, a catastrophe of serious magnitude, is not nearly as lethal or devastating as the 7,000 YBP Mega Cataclysm. That earlier event was a serious near extinction level event, and will be covered in detail in another chapter of this book called The Last Great Cataclysm, 7,000 Years Ago. The Axis Tilt is a catastrophe, (not a cataclysm) that occurred while there were growing remnant-survivor-derivative populations from the 7,000 YBP Mega Cataclysm event. The 7K super cataclysm stopped progress for nearly a thousand years, which seems to be the length of time necessary before a surviving culture can start rebuilding their civilization in any meaningful way. Some of those survivor groups had already started to rebuild their cultures from the 7K event, and had established several advanced technologies including early forms of writing, leaving us fairly reliable reports of the Axis Tilt event. Making the case that Gibraltar Strait was breeches as a result of the catastrophe that included the eruption of Santorini, means that it would likely be a couple hundred years before the strait was navigable. Or around 3,250 YBP. Almost exactly when the Sea People showed up and devastated the Mediterranean. They were likely Aryan, probably Celtic and from what is now the Western British Isles.

Even in this video, the genetic evidence has at least part of the Philistine population coming from the Western Mediterranean there has even been reported that some was from Iberia. So this focus on the Eastern Mediterranean, while important, is not the cause, of the downfall, but the precursors that weakened these civilizations before the pirate gangs began raiding. Scholars must refrain from looking at the center of the civilized portion of the eastern Mediterranean and focus on the fringes. To accomplish this there needs to be more fieldwork in southern France and eastern Spain.

Sounds so logical,makes sense.......moving from place to place up the coast looking for food, a homeland...yes i agree perfect storm

Amazing this man of over a 1000 years ago is now named and know

Amazing film I somehow happened upon it🙏

37:12 People cannot just decide to build ships and become seafarers.

Great documentation answering not a single question about the collapse of the Bronze Age around 1200 BC. Drought, Marauders, Earthquakes, Angry People, or was it a disease, like the Black Death in 1348 AD, which killed half of Europe's population? Maybe the people cut all the forests down, producing arid deserts and climate change on a grand scale around the big cities. Earlier, Mesopotamia had a problem with oversalting fields by irrigation for centuries until the salt killed crops. Did they hunt prey animals to distinction? Big cities at that time were hard to maintain, with lots of mouths to feed and feces to move away. Not all had sewer systems and even as late as the 1870s AD, big cities had frequent problems with diseases spreading and killing big parts of the population. Was there even such a thing as sea people or just greedy neighbors? We know nothing.

Iron age starts around that time. Could the fact of abundance of new types of weapons, be an explanation too?

Hekla eruption > lots of ash in the air all over europe > sunlight doesnt warm the oceans enough > less rain > less crops > famines > collapse of mycenaen and hittite empire > people abandon their lands and take to the oceans to look for food in the cities in the levant they were familiar with as places they used to trade with

Their world came to an end quite literally. ⚡️

Robert sepher covers this in great detail he is a anthropologist and explains this in great length

are you going to post the final chapter: the maya civilization??

I think that they should look at disasters like volcanoes and cosmic impacts. Disasters like these would/could get peoples from different cultures together because where they were from were gone. Aso what civilizations mention cosmic impacts or volcanoes. If they don't, why not.

The Sea People were sort of the Bronze Age Proto-Vikings.

Gotta love how many different pronunciations there are in one story. Almost as if there were many different tidal waves on many different people.

A world of experiments to experience by love in all facets.

Great topic. Philistines were considered sea people, but there were also Phoenicians with so many smaller nations or tribes united under this federation (including the miceans). Were the Philistines part of them, or rivals?

History Time go's much more in depth on this subject

I think we are overlooking the volcanic eruption of Santorini and the impact it had on climate and the destructive impact on the civilizations all around that area. A devastating catastrophe such as that would have long lasting effects on climate and peoples for many many years

The Egyptains were very diligent at recording the details of their VICTORIES... not their defeats. They even recorded events that were not victories as victories. Although without as much detail.

Several thoughts on this. One of the groups named by the Egyptians was called Habiru. I believe them to be Hebrew. The other thing that comes to mind is the Hyksos. They conquered Egypt. Their capitol was Avaris. I believe, they started as a seafaring people. They introduced the war chariot to the egyptians.

Ive always felt that the bronze age colapse was the first doccumented case of "eat the rich" And the sea people were all the people disenfranchised by the famines earthquakes etc watching the wealthy rebuild and leaving the poor to starve.

Although the Sea Peoples seem to be a mixed lot, I have a sneaking suspicion that they were - in part at least - coming from Europe. There are too-many similarities between the depictions and descriptions of them, and the Vikings, for example. (Religious beliefs, dress/helmets, ship design, dragon theme,…) The fact that the recent discovery of European DNA in the oldest Philistine Kings, supports this thinking - in My opinion. (As I remember it, that study showed that the European DNA had originated in Italy… after which the peoples had interbred with Others in the Greek Isles; may want to check that.) I suspect that there was probably a large (and diverse) number of Peoples who had knowledge of ship-building, sailing, navigation and warfare that were operating at-large in European (and then Mediterranean) waters - who’d discovered the ready-wealth available to a waterborne strike-force; fast-moving marauders that were threats to all settled Civilizations, who eventually found their way to the ‘jackpot’ of the Medeteranian and surrounding Nations. This is such a fascinating subject, and DNA is bringing a lot of new-data to the subject. It’ll be interesting to see what further ‘puzzle-pieces’ other emerging technologies (like Archeo-Magnetism) will add to the Big-Picture! Thank-You for this!!

Dan, Danan, Tribe of Dan. The tribe that rejected the handout and took to the sea ⛵🌊

38:10 what do Vikings have to do with the Bronze Age?

The Sea People are who I think about when I am not engaged in thinking about the Romans.

So the city of Ugurit , a Cannanite city, was destroyed at about same time as Jericho was razed by Hebrews and Troy was likewise razed and burned by Mycenean Greeks.

You can't build fleets of ships without organization. A fleet built, gathered and victulated takes time and social organization. A military force capable of sacking cities requires training and a command structure. All of which must be in place before such migrations take place. So we must look at social constructs outside of the eastern Med. The Balkans, Italy, perhaps as far afield as Spain and Southern France and check climate conditions in those areas at the time. 2. There was no mention of resettlement of any of these peoples in the eastern Med other than the Philistines. Does that mean the attacking fleets would sack the cities and return to their homeland with ship filled with grain and treasure?

Giorgio Tsoukalos has entered the chat.

To me this Story is better then Genesis, Tribulation,.. the best!!!

You must be very advanced if you can built a ship and also control it on the sea! They must be part of an empire or its not possible for pirates to attack ancient Egypt or other big cities

Any relationship with the Mount Thera eruptions 1650bce - 1450bce & the 100foot tidal wave sweeping over the north shore of Crete?

Myseanne was invaded by the Dorians. The Myseanne were Ionions and they fled to Asia Minor.

Well since they said about sea people and numerous ships etc. The first thought was for people who knew and had the shipping technology advanced and obviously living near the sea, who else is better than the Greeks? Especially in ancient times! Greece has a naval history and one of the greatest for thousands and thousands of years! I think it's more than obvious that Greeks had a huge portion of these people

Nice video. If they were colonisers, why did they destroy the cities instead of occupying them?

This documentary dont seemed to be prepared properly. Why you didn’t mention the seafaring states of Asia Minor as Troy, Arzawa, Caria, Lukka, Kizzuwatna? Most of them counted as sea peoples in Medinet Habu temple Hieroglyphs.

They were from the north the cliffs in sweden are full of ships, feasting, priests celebrating and fleets leaving the coasts full of men and also many carvings ships returning with fewer men.

Unless the Sea People invented IRON, they did not cause the end of the Bronze age...

They found mesopotamian beads in a grave in the netherlands. I wonder if the displacement of population from the former doggerland incident had anything to do with the sea people?

Or could it be said, with the sea people interrupting the trade between Nations for vital supplies, would be the soul cause of the drought like state. A curse of the ancient times imposed on civilization (??), since this was how to interrupting shared improving factors.

Real European History : Haplogroup R1b,R1a (Native Europeans) (Basques/Iberians. Gaels. East Slavs.) Haplogroup I (Neolithic Indo European wave from Anatolia.) (Danubian Civilization) (Pottery Cultures) (Megaliths. Polytheism. Pottery. Longhouses. Axes. Sailing ships. Flatbread (Tunnbröd).) (Bosnians. Scandinavians. Sardinians) Haplogroup J2 (Bronze Age Indo European wave.) (Ancient Mycenean/Minoan Greece. Rome. Writing. Metallurgy. Architecture. ) (Modern Cretans) And some lesser sporadic influxes of Haplogroup E (North Africa) and Haplogroup G (Northwest Caucasus).

In my opinion the abandoned city of ugrit was not due to the invasion of the sea people ,if that would be the case , all the treasures discovered by the archeologist wood no to be found ,simply because the Sea people would have taken

precious objects were buried to protect them from drought made fire storms is why the city was abandoned

According to the Jewish writings from about 1900-2000 years ago, the people of the sea were the Philistines. It is important to understand that in Hebrew Philistines means invaders, and that is why the Hebrews called them "Philistines" after they invaded the Gaza Strip Which means you haven't discovered anything new here. This has been known in books for thousands of years