The nose is a prominent facial feature with a crucial role in breathing and the sense of smell. Here are some main points about the anatomy of the nose:
External Nose:
The visible part of the nose that protrudes from the face.
Composed of bone and cartilage.
Nasal Cavity:
Located inside the skull and divided into two nasal passages by the nasal septum.
Lined with a mucous membrane that helps humidify and filter inhaled air.
Nasal Septum:
A wall of cartilage and bone that divides the nasal cavity into left and right sides.
Nasal Conchae/Turbinates:
Bony projections within the nasal cavity that help increase surface area and enhance air turbulence for better filtration and humidification.
Paranasal Sinuses:
Air-filled cavities surrounding the nasal cavity, including the frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, and maxillary sinuses.
Play a role in resonating sound, reducing the weight of the skull, and producing mucus.
Nasal Vestibule:
The anterior part of the nasal cavity, just inside the nostrils.
Olfactory Epithelium:
Located in the upper part of the nasal cavity.
Contains specialized cells for the sense of smell (olfaction).
Blood Supply:
Supplied by branches of the internal and external carotid arteries.
Innervation:
Innervated by branches of the trigeminal nerve (V), including the olfactory nerve (I) for the sense of smell.
Nasal Mucosa:
The lining of the nasal cavity containing goblet cells that produce mucus to trap particles and prevent them from entering the respiratory system.
Nasal Cartilages:
Comprise the septal, lateral, and alar cartilages, providing structure and support to the nose.
Functions:
Respiration: The primary function is to filter, humidify, and warm the air as it enters the respiratory system.
Olfaction: The nose houses the receptors for the sense of smell.
Speech and Resonance: The nasal cavities contribute to the production of speech sounds and resonance.
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