Awesome Steve :)

Nah. I’m good. Thanks tho

If you put small holes in the clear acrylic at the "top" of dead end pockets that are sealed it might cause the water to go more places. presumably more water would go down then out of the holes because gravity should still be stronger.

egg

Well you know Mercury has a pretty low pressure before boiling. Or you could try making a super fluid. That's always fun.

Yeah! And as a bonus it can solve mazes where the exit is above the entrance

My guess would be though, that smoke would fill much more of the maze over time, because it doesn't have the surface tension of water.

Yes, that is almost the same as at 6:36 where the pre-filled maze is fed with different colored water. If the air pockets were also pre-filled with water, then it would be exactly the same.

@Infinity electricity kinda solves a maze in real life all the time - that's how the lightnings get their shapes

If you blow enough capacitors at one end it will create the smoke you need to solve the maze!

Certain types of mazes*

Notice there are no loops in these?

It's actually pretty obvious when you consider a solution must exist and there are no islands

AT LEAST two (separate) parts. Not two parts. Many mazes have many separate disconnected walls. (There's no requirement for only having one possible solution in a maze.)

@@elliott614 That would make it 3 parts.

Yup. It's interesting that lots of times when I'm reading good info on using a simulation or simulator of/for something it's recommended to do the real thing along with a simulator. I have peripherals for simulator games but should probably get rid of them because I don't access to the real world counterpart to get the most out of the simulation.

I'd correct that to say "there's usually something overlooked". It's theoretically possible to have a perfect simulation, but can be very hard to do.

The point of a making a simulation in science is to put in all the variables that you think effect the outcome and their strengths and interactions and so on and then you compare it with real life observations. And then you expect to find that your simulation is inaccurate at some point and you try to find out what caused that inaccuracy and by finding out you learn something new... Simulations are always inaccurate, they are supposed to be, as soon as a simulation is perfectly accurate your field of study is solved, but, so far, there have always been more questions left to answer in any field of study and thus more inaccuracies left to iron out... At in the natural sciences, biology, chemistry, physics, etc. I am not sure, since I am not a mathematician, but I think there are parts of mathematics that are solved...

@@Kholdaimon Solved is one thing, but how fast is the simulation? What if you need to run hundreds of simulations for engineering and design?

@@LutraLovegood I mean, you never run a simulation once and if it gives the result you want call it done. You always run it hundreds of times so you can do statistical analyses on the results... When I did my research the standard was 1000 iterations of a single set of input parameters and then analyse the results, which took about 3 hours on my fairly good gaming computer, but this was 10 years ago, my current computer would do it A LOT faster... The speed depends entirely on the nature of the simulation, some are really fast, others require hours and hours on university owned super computers.

Could be a neat water physics simulation to use for games.

@@icravedeath.1200 I'm pretty sure UE does offer water simulation. Blender has had physics simulations for a long while now. Don't know about accuracy in a scientific level, but they are more than amazing for what ever I will ever make :D

If you want a realistic level of simulation you'll probably have to implement the whole rendering engine and physic system by yourself

Unity is no longer an option.

Smart

Or pure alcohol, or add soap. Great idea!

@@SteveMould Or superfluid helium-4! 😂

I saw soap bubbles in your red/blue section so assume you used a detergent or other surfactant.

@@ericmoss6110 omg, superfluid helium would be an amazing test as it also can crawl *up* - it'd presumably solve the maze pretty much exactly by the keep-hand-on-wall method. That said, if water was already a difficult thing to seal against, helium manages to be nigh impossible lol

100% lol, same here! I never thought of that and I STILL can't wrap my head around *WHY* that is, lol

+1

I'm confused why it has to be two pieces?

Oh, right, because one of them never touches the other.

It can be made of 3 pieces or 4 pieces or 5 pieces

gonna have to find a lottt of water for that

Legitimately almost didn't click because I didn't want to sit through 8 minutes of "hype" for an underwhelming reveal at the end of the video. This was not that, and I was pleasantly surprised

i mean it kinda is, not everyone has 2m subs

its just straight to the damn point

Yeah just forward the video 9 waste of time minutes

I love experiments.

Not only that, but the solution is exactly the path between the two halves. (I think. Proving this is left as an exercise for the reader.)

@@DavidGuild Yea! I got that once I got that it was in two halves - just never thought of either of those things until I watched this! I love the way his videos make you look at everyday things in a new way 🙂

It's for the same reason why there can't be any two-dimensional beings. Their digestive system would just cut them in half.

@@lonestarr1490 What about the top of the head? 🤔

​@@lonestarr1490octopuses eat and poop through the same hole, so it could work

Indeed

How do I do flood fill with voxels as fast as possible

'water age' is indeed a critical factor in delivery quality water. This is why municipalities and other agencies controlling water supply model and test for water age as part of the design of new expansions to an existing system. Areas of known longer ages, are regularly flushed. Additionally, modifications to the distribution system can help eliminate these regions. one tool in this fight is preventing a dendritic (tree-root) branching of the system. By carefully utilizing loops and and multiple paths, it is possible to significantly reduce water age.

This is also why I always run the tap until the water is genuinely cold, to ensure it’s not been sitting around for who knows how long in the building or the street. Sometimes it happens quickly when there must be high turnover but sometimes it takes a few minutes.

@@kaitlyn__L Temperature isn't a bad guide, although the 'new' water from the street (which is buried, so likely cooler) will have to cool your warmer piping down, so once you feel the temp start to drop, you've likely got 'fresher' street water at the tap

That's why I don't trust the campaigns that say that water treatment is so good that you can drink straight from the tap. I do believe that the water from the treatment plant is great, but there's no way I trust those pipes between them and my flat, not to mention those in the building itself.

@@karol30660 I'm sorry that you distrust your water distribution system. I would suggest you sample your own water from your own tap and have it tested (at your own cost) against your national drinking water standards at a private, independent lab for your own peace of mind. If, in the unlikely event that your water falls outside of the national standards, your local distribution maintaining agency will be VERY interested in your results.

I thought the same thing!

Actually it doesn’t work at all if there are any floating walls in the maze, as in walls that don’t connect to the outside. Left or right wall doesn’t matter. Sometimes the floating wall is obvious and sometimes it’s not. Oh, and it only works if you can touch the outside wall directly from the entrance.

@@thehunters3402 At the entrance there is always an outside wall! It may be part of a 'floating' wall, yes, but then there´s more than one entrance. In that case, switch the same hand to the other wall of the newfound entrance.

@@sthenzel I know. Just expanding on the conversation because that’s what I like to do.

I've always wanted to map the Paris Catacombs by spray painting a white line along the right wall.

I wonder if there's some kind of force(?) flowing upstream from the end to the start??

@@janbam1778 A negative pressure difference, basically. Like pulling water through a drinking straw.

If it was a human sized maze maybe we could follow the current and also get out

The blue water is basically doing the same thing that the air did in the smaller maze. It's blocking the "wrong" paths, and instead of surface tension, there's just the boundary between two liquids of the same density - they're not going to mix very much at all in such a small time frame, so it's basically just a question of whether the blue water has anywhere to go when the red water pushes against it.

That's because the 1st pass water has blocked off all the dead ends, making it so any pressure can only be relieved directly towards the exit.

Agree

Agree too

My kitchen sink agrees

@@LucasHartmann My car cooling system agrees.

Physics agrees

I wrote a longer comment about this but also if there are 2 entrances and 2 exits, you must find a path from an entrance to an exit, and the paths between each entrance and the exits connect, there is a chance the wall you follow will lead you on a path between the two entrances instead of to an exit, but that's the only thing I can think of that would defeat the algorithm, barring dropping someone in the middle of the maze instead of starting them at an entrance... or having no paths from the entrance to an exit, obv.

@@JuniperHatesTwitterlikeHandles You can theoretically have traps and one way doors in a real maze, so that you can go through a particular section one way, but not leave through the same area - meaning that you'll get trapped in the section beyond the one way door. Or you place the exit in the "middle" part by having a tunnel up or down from one of the rooms that's only accessible through the third part of the maze.

Another solution I've seen in real world mazes is to have checkpoints in the maze that have to be reached for the maze to be considered complete.

This only works if the starting point is along the outer wall of the maze (which is _generally_ the case, but not necessarily). If you are starting from a random location within the middle of the maze, then you have no way of knowing whether the wall you touch would be connected to the exit or not.

It is also possible for the exit to the maze to be a staircase or ladder or something which is placed within the maze. That would mean that you could follow the outer wall in a complete loop and never find the exit.

For the smaller maze, you can just fill a flat metal/ceramic tray with just barely enough solvent to cover the bottom. Then put the maze into it with the side you want to solvent weld. Leave it in there for like 10-30 seconds. Then take it out, and set it onto the panel you want to weld it to. Because the maze is so finicky, I'd still do the first side with the syringe. This process works for all kinds of parts and actually tends to give a cleaner, more even, weld. However, since you're using laser-cut pieces you'll have plenty of micro-cracks in them after getting them into contact with solvent (unless you tempered them afterwards), they are probably just hard to see in the black acrylic. For large pieces this works too but of course you'd need a pretty large tray (or one custom-made for the job) and a lot of solvent. You also don't need to actually submerge the pieces, just lowering them until the solvent pulls itself onto the welding surface is actually better (because it only coats the surface and because the solvent doesn't get squeezed out) but a bit finicky, you might be able to put some uncoated steel wires into it as an offset. Source: Sometimes do this at work, but for most pieces the syringe method works just fine.

7oq

This doesn't work in 3d mazes (multi-level)

Though generally not a problem, if you're starting from the middle of a maze (e.g. you're blindfolded and carried to the starting point, or you forgot to use the strategy until later), then there'd be no guarantee.

@@tcxd1164 I explained that in detail.

@@lqr824 yeah, I reread that more clearly after I already posted the reply, but oh well.

It could also be the case that the exit/goal is somewhere in the middle of the maze, and there's only one entrance/exit, then it could be made of a single piece and thus following a wall will take you around the entire maze (including both entrance and exit)

Obligatory flex tape meme here

Putting in a air release valve would also work so he could avoid manually covering the holes

Also, by treating every maze surface by a hydrophobic repellent, you could reduce the surface tension friction. Would be fun to see the results and how they compare to the vacuum simulation 🙂

Wouldn't that be like creating a maze with multiple exits or paths? Not really a maze?

@@YoungGandalf2325 See them as emergency exits and hang little "no exit, staff only" signs on them. The air can be considered staff.

If you're able to mark the walls in any way at all, if you loop back to the same point on the wall, you are following a center wall that doesn't connect to the entrance or exit. Switch to the wall opposite and follow that one. If necessary, just keep mapping these interior walls until you get to a wall that leads to the entrance or exit. I follow walls all the time in games to fully explore areas and find places I've missed. If you're in a maze in real life and you fear you don't have all the time in the world to walk around--definitely find a way to mark your exploration or break yourself out of there.

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@@EEEEEEEE real

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Also that he wasn't 'shaming' the animation creator (for lack of a better word) for not having realistic graphics but instead said things along the lines of 'he animated something I can't recreate'.

That’s clever, love it!

How did you keep it from back-flowing out of the maze? I mean this method only really works because of the verticality of the maze making it so the water cannot simply flow back out of the entrance. You would likely need way more than a minute in order for the water to rise to the point where you could detect a flow is a big room. My solution to DM's throwing mazes at casters is always just fucking blow through it or use divination magic to scout the correct path, ain't nobody got time for that.

​@@ShiningDarknes I play as a ratfolk, so I have an unfair advantage

@@sethb3090 how so?

@@ShiningDarknes Why wouldn't you exit through the entrance, as long as you get out right?

And now you could generate big mazes in minecraft and explore them in virtual reality... yes, the world is crazy like that today.

@@chrisakaschulbus4903 do you mean a particular mod for mazes?

@@nikelsad I made mazes with server plugins a couple years back. There are also "picture to schematic converters". So combining that with a normal image maze generator should also be possible. Particular mods or names i don't have, though. I only generate mazes for CNC laser action.

Dude, that sounds awesome!! I think one day I'll make this a birthday trip for my ex-girlfriend. She also loves everything logic-related. This christmas I gave her the hardest version of the Perplexus 3D labyrinth, she fucking loved it and tried cracking it for a over a whole day 😊 Have you heard of those? They are more about the motor skill to bring the ball through the maze. The hardest one is actually pretty hard! Thanks for the unintended present idea 😉

@@muenchhausenmusic You're welcome! Yes, I think I know the puzzle you're referring to. I don't have one but I think I've tried it once.

It’s also why if you keep going right, or keep going left, you will always solve the maze. Unless, of course, the maze is broken up into more than 2 parts.

Which, by the way, knowing such information is good for you in emergency situations. If you are ever in a building under evacuation and it is pitch black inside, put your hand up against the wall and follow it. You will eventually reach a door and/or window.

@@howardbaxter2514 Yeah, but it might only be an internal door...

That’s basically what I did for the smaller ones! Question for you: is it a good idea to soak for a long time? I just dipped.

@@SteveMould Yes, you would want to soak the acrylic in the solvent to soften it, making it tacky so that when you make contact and clamp with the other piece of acrylic the two will bond in the same way that applying the solvent via capillary action does. Soak time will depend on a couple of different factors such as if the acrylic is cast vs extruded, if it has any colorants or co-polymers in it, and which solvent weld you are using (I am assuming you are probably using weld-on 3 or 4 or some other dichloromethane base solvent), and what clamping pressure you are using. You'll need to play around and find what works for you, but I would start with a 15 second soak and go from there. Since you are using lasercut acrylic, you'll need to be extra mindful of the acrylic crazing when you do this. You may need to anneal your parts before soaking, but I hope you can get away with not annealing since it can deform and change the dimensions of the part. The stresses in the crystalline lattice near the cut edge (the cause of crazing) are built up differently between laser cutters depending on the ambient temperatures, speed of the air assist, etc. If you are able to stop the cut edge from cooling as rapidly that will help with the crazing. The easiest way to do this is to lower the airflow of the air assist.

l put my hamster in a sock and slammed it against the furniture.

and connect them to tubes pointing upwards so the pressure would equilibrate and you don't have blue liquid everywhere :)

I think, that mercury could solve this problem

​@@nico4331 this is the solution. Just need the tubes to reach higher than the top tank and you'll have no problem with water escaping that way.

More like gravity doing its work

​@@mcmarkmarkson7115 and air pressure. And surface tension for the smaller ones. The only one where gravity does the work alone is in the simulation

@@kebien6020 air pressure is also gravity related though. Like what makes water move and air move? Maybe I'm being too pedantic, don't take it too serious.

i myself was thinking of terraria, like with the air pockets, how you can dig sideways and then dig upward to creste an air pocket to avoid drowning

@@mcmarkmarkson7115 only atmospheric air pressure comes from gravity. The one involved into not letting water in on some sections of the maze despite gravity pushing the water in that direction is not atmospheric air pressure.

You are not in your 70s lmao. Your channel gives you away instantly.

I'm surprised you didn't put this in your "Interesting" playlist, you might want to do that

​​@@davidandrew7314 maybe it's a very childish grandpa who knows

@@davidandrew7314 You are only as old as you feel?

Ur pfp lol 💀

E

The air doesn't smell so foul? When in doubt, Pippin, always follow your nose? 🙂

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This is exactly what's happening here. You could follow the breeze.

It's not the air trapped in the system that's stopping it. When there is enough pressure at the top, the air trapped in the system just gets pushed out.

Though possibly if the surface tension was lower, air could have escaped?

@@unfa00 Adding soap to the water would be an easy way to test the hypothesis. If the hypothesis is correct, the water with soap will stop flowing at a lower level than the water without soap.

@@unfa00 the air still wouldnt travel downwards

@@FirstLast-gw5mg yes if the pressure is higher the water flows, but it doesnt push out the air. Otherwise it wouldnt stop flowing once the pressure drops enough

Unlike *_”cough”_* Vsause-

2D mazes. A line can run through a 3D maze without separating it. Ex: a torus, ex: a donut, or a sphere with a kind through it. You would need at least a 2D object to separate it

You're right, I would even say that it's pretty much only about pressure, surface tension has very little impact here. Pressure difference is nicely visible in the little siphon in the top right corner - free water surface is much lower on the right side than on the left which means that air pressure on the right is higher. And you can see why - because the air on the right is sealed off while that on the left can still escape (that happens in 5:30). You can also nicely see how the air pressure grows in the whole sealed right part of the maze. In about 5:15 the right part is sealed off and then water goes further up to top left corner of the maze (reached at about 5:27) on the left side of that seal, and you can see how the free water surface on the right side also moves up but much less, just enough to reduce volume and increase pressure of the air trapped there so that it equalizes growing hydrostatic pressure of water column on the left. Also, as the water stops flowing, the difference in height between tank above maze and surface on the other side of first siphon and that of to two sides of that column of water dividing right and left side are visibly similar (not exactly the same, because there are other siphons with uneven pressure on both sides).

There is good explanation on practical engineering channel about this phenomenon. ukposts.info/have/v-deo/spScpG-FaqeXzH0.html

Agreed

Indeed

system: you are a maze master