Thanks for the great upload! May I suggest you make a video about the Greco Turkish war of 1922 or more Balkan history? Thanks again for the video!

Also bro if you can do a vid on what the heck was going on Albania between the 2nd Balkan War ending and to the end of WW1. Like what the hell was going on? Was anyone in charge? lol And why didnt the Central powers help reinstall the German Prince?

@@ricardocontreras94 I personally think he should make a series on the history of the Balkans from 1900-1945 or even 1912-1923 because it is all so interesting

Make more !!

In your video about the unificiation... could you touch on the topic on wether it was part of the plan to create an Italy which ends at its natural borders (thus including trentino- südtirol) or just include the italian peoples?

So we may never have got a Promenade des Anglais.

at least in german its also called Nizza

It is even more tragic, the guy was shot and arrested during his march on Rome in 1862 buy the very Italians he was fighting for. And then he was used again by Italian leadership in Austro-Prussian-Italian war, Garribaldi won his battles almost taking Trentino, but had to retreat due to defeat of main forces under Venice.

@Lysimachus. Very interesting. Since my history teacher, many years back, had us remember by word association, I now have developed a craving for biscuits as a midnight snack.

Well, nationalism forces led by ferocious revolutionary and military comander... this does not correspond with realpolitik idea of stabile empire.

Your technically correct because the second time was the Austro-Hungarians

Both nations/region were united in the HRE, both were screwed over in the 16th and 17th century, both were often involved in fights between France and the Habsburgs, both were divided into small kingdoms and principates, the list goes on forever

The difference is that Italy was unified under a liberal constitution, while Germany was united under an authoritarian system. This would have consequences in the run-up to WW1.

@@tancreddehauteville764 Yes, looking at the differences is even more fascinating. Another big difference with big implications was that Germany was economically integrated with the Zollverein, whereas Italy’s internal economic differences are visible to this day (north vs south)

Sardinia- Piedmont profited not much from Vienna Congress, they just got back Savoy and Nice which Bonaparte took.

@@alexzero3736 they profited not in terms of land, but in terms of other valuable assets such as diplomatic backing and securities

Too bad Napoleon 3 kinda betrayed Cavour in the end, singning a cautios peace with Austria.

@@alexzero3736 I would like to believe that Cavour did kind of expect Napoleon III to get cold feet at some point. The man may have been prone to theatrics, but he was overtly caution (with good reason) and while he could be spurned to commit to an idealistic cause, he preferred idealistic causes that could be won in a couple years with the inexhaustible might of french bayonets.

​@@bluewingedknight7762 He did. But he knew the war would have sparked rebellion and prompt Italians in the centre of the peninsula to seek help from Piedmont Sardinia and so it was

@@alexzero3736 Napoleon III didn't "betray" Cavour, he made peace when the time was perfect instead of overreaching, Prussia could have intervened if the war had dragged on (the Prussians had already mobilized over 100k troops) and the Austrians had retreated to a very good defensive position, continuing the war was simply a terrible idea, both for France and SP. Cavour was most likely pragmatic enough to understand that it was necessary.

​@@Itashino2 well, maybe it s not correct to call this a betrayal. But peace treaty was contradicting deal with Cavour, and not just in case of Venice, but also Napoleon agreed to recognize Austrian puppets in Italy. Which governments were overthrown during the war, so loyal to Austria rulers could return... Also for Sardinia peace without taking any piece of Quadraliteralle is a strategic loss that backfired in 1866.

Agreed!

It is hardly the same country. Back then it was Austria-Hungary-Bohemia-Slovakia-Transylvania-Croatia-Ruthenia-Venice and more. Much of these constituents had been part of the Austrian empire for centuries too, so they were well integrated. It would be like saying the Papacy once fought toe-to-toe with Iran. Rome was much more than the Vatican back when it dueled with Persia.

@@MageWarren But it's not comparable. Nationalism was alive and well during the time of the Italian unification - that's what the entire thing was about - so it's mad that Austria, a land where Austrians made up maybe 10% of the country, ruled so much of Europe and over large richest parts of Italy.

@@MageWarren To be fair, that would be true if the Pope called a crusade against the Islamic Republic of Iran.

@@secretname4190 You are looking at languages spoken (German being ~23%) not ethnicity which is grossly wrong. Austrians only made up half of that figure - the rest were mainly German-speaking people in Czech lands (who did not consider themselves Austrian, but "German", and were also discriminated against) and German-speaking people in Transylvania (who were even more discriminated against) and finally German-speaking people who 'integrated' and become part of the German/Austrian psyche, mainly in former lands of Poland and Istria, who were definitely ethnically Polish and considered themselves as such.

Funny thing that Cavour advocated for alliance with Britain and France. So Triple alliance won't happen if Cavour stays alive. I believe he even may strike a deal with Napoleon 3 that Italy gets Rome peacefully and France gets part of Italian army in Franco- German war...

@@alexzero3736 Garibaldi was initially pro-german in the Franco-Prussian War since he hated Napoleon so much, but as soon as the French republic was declared he went up and volunteered to the French army, even winning a battle despite his old age.

Italy would have certainly be different had Cavour not die. It would've been better

That's interesting, because I've noticed that most of the prominent Jewish officers in the Italian and French armies up to World War I were engineers or artillerymen. For them it was a path upward and for the aristocracy it was a step down.

@Sam Aronow I read that when the Italians were going to take Rome from the Pope, the Pope threatened to excommunicate the officer who ordered the assault. So, the Italians had a Jewish officer give the order instead.

@@konstantinosnikolakakis8125 Yes, he was an artillery captain named Giacomo Segre; his grandfather was a member of Napoleon's Sanhedrin and his son was a general in World War I.

Quickly? The decline pretty much started with War for Austrian succession, 100 years ago from events discussed here.

@@alexzero3736 I disagree. The Austrian War of Succession could've ended much worse for Austria actually. Multiple countries such as Prussia, France, Spain, Bavaria, Saxony, etc tried to partition and destroy Austria (read the treaty of Nymphenburg) like Poland, but miserably failed. The only losses were Silesia and Prussia becoming a great power, but Austria still managed to stay strong during the Seven Years' War (where Austria defeated Prussia in many battles like Kolin, Hochkirch, Maxen, ect and the war ended indecisive) and Napoleonic Wars (where Austria ultimately won despite earlier defeats and still had many victories like Aspern-Essling, the first three battles of Bergisel, the 1813 liberation campaign & Neapolitan War). Really, only the 2nd Italian War of Independence and Austro-Prussian War led to Austria's decline.

@@TheAustrianAnimations87 But still Silesia was important as industrial region, loosing it turn Austria into industrial backwater in 19 century.

@@alexzero3736 Yes, Silesia was a major loss for Austria indeed. But Austria still had Bohemia as industrial region and the Austrian economy was recovering well from the Napoleonic Wars until the 1848-49 revolutions. The 1848-49 revolutions, 2nd Italian War of Independence and Austro-Prussian War however made both Austria's military and economy weaker.

I went to high school in California in the mid-2000s and I distinctly remember spending more time on Italian unification than on Germany.

Everyone makes fun of the Italians.

@@SamAronow really? Wow, my schooling was basically "Germany's rise and fall", then Cold War until graduation

@@nathanyakich3152 Different state/different time I'm guessing. My mom went to California schools a generation earlier and claims never to have learned _any_ world history, while I got three full years of it. 9th grade was everything from Martin Luther to World War II.

They teach you this if you take a history course in college though, at least from my own experiences.

Also, the fact that he recalled Cavour after just six months shows his humility and intelligence as a ruler. It takes some balls to employ a man who so brazenly defied his monarch's authority.

Didn’t fire Cavour. Cavour gave resignation from office. They tried to get a majority in the new government but failed miserably and had to recall Cavour. Also in a letter to Napoleon III, Victoria Emanuel II said that he will pay 1000000 francs to have Cavour sent of to live in America.

Name of the mod, pls?

​@@alexzero3736 did you found it ?

mod name pls ?

@@sadale4877 I know one mod like it, The New Beginning. I wonder if there another one...

Agree completely, that’s an amazing book

What

As a German i have no idea what you want to say with this Neither Austria nor Italy have been associated with (the few) good parts of our history especially ever since 1870 but mainly the bad ones (especially world wars)

@@heylolp9 But Austria is still a German state. Much more so than Ukraine is Russian, as Ukraine has its own language and culture.

@@tancreddehauteville764 Well kinda, modern day Austria and Germany have shared ancestry and history yes. But the important thing is that it is politically distinct from each other to such a degree that it's not the same. Perfectly represented by the choice that to form Germany in the first place the "lesser German solution" i.e. the one without Austria was chosen and the only time the German Regions of what composed Austria over the years joining Germany being under Nazi occupation with a sham vote (just look at the documented voting slips, clearly had a choice made up for the voters and the SA Troops in the Voting places didn't help either to make it... legit somehow) Ever since '45 any reunification is illegal because of the 2+4 Treaties and Post WW2 Treaties making this historical split more permanent. That is why it made sense to call any war between Prussia (which later became Germany) and Austria as a Brother war yes we have common ancestry, just as Spaniards and Portuguese have common ancestry, but that mostly led to conflict between the 'brothers' because of shared geography and culture made often for shared aims leading to conflict So imo Austria is like the cousin you are constantly compared to, stupidly it's the part of the family that often got themselves and the entire family into trouble, though of course as in any dysfunctional family there are none who aren't messed up and have an uncomfortable relationship with the past

I totally understand 😂😂😂. I'm British

Thank you. Yes my voice over’s leave much to be desired unfortunately.

I can’t say I even know what wonderdraft is lol. The deeper colour is just an inner glow effect on Photoshop, fairly common feature in maps so shouldn’t be hard to find other examples online.

@@OldBritannia oh ok thanks! Wonderdraft is a fantasy map making software that I've seen some other history youtubers (such as Overly Sarcastic Productions) use to make the maps in their videos, so that's why I asked

Same joke for Prussia?

@@NoName-hg6cc More or less)

As the channel name suggests I originally intended the channel just to be British history, and mainly for the purpose of working on my video editing abilities.

@@OldBritannia That's cool, I've noticed a steady increase in quality over time, so you seem to be making progress with that

Who tf says Sardinia-Piedmont

@@papageitaucher618 I'd assume most people, considering it's the order every single language uses on Wikipedia and every book I've ever read on the subject uses.

It's actually Regnum di Saregna, or Just Kingdom of Sardinia in English.

It is actually how we Italians call it in school usually (Piemonte-Sardegna). Sometimes we also use the official kingdom of Sardinia (especially in Sardinia, wonder why lol) but colloquially we say Piedmont-Sardinia

Uts always the great power who decides who gets what. Had the French withdraws diplomatic and military support Piedmont would have been crushed. Austria will gladly give Savoy to France and reduce the kingdom to just Sardinia and Piedmont

"Half hearted" france send 190 thousand men and 400 canons which represents half of their army to liberate italy be grateful to France ingrat

No, he wanted an unified Italy but was wary of popular movement and didn't believe it was possible without undoing all

Virginia di Castiglione, aristocrat. She was a spy working for piedmont In reality. And Napoleon himself had actually took part to the 1821 first uprisings In Italy when he lived there.

Indeed, her name is Virginia Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione, the fashionable cousin of Cavour himself. A stroke of genius from Cavour to send to Napoleon the III this beautiful femme fatale to win him over...

Yeah 😂😂😂 The geezer is descended from Caesar!😂😂😂

Ye, but both of them are tiny and were scarcely populated. Initially Napoleon 3 promised to remove Austrians from the peninsula, so for Nice and Savoy Victor Emmanuel expected to get whole Northern and part of Central Italy.

@@alexzero3736 Tiny and scarcely populated, but highly strategic. Since the land concession, France controls most of the Alps south of Switzerland, making an attack from France into Italy much easier than an attack from Italy to France.

@@alioshax7797 never thought about that... Could it be a reason why Mussolini invasion failed?

@@alexzero3736 It was a huge factor, that's for sure. The battle of the Alps was ultimately irrelevant, because the French front had collapsed north anyway, but the terrain really limited the front for the italian attack, forcing them to fight in chokepoints where artillery could crush them. That's partly why the casualties ratio were so much in favor of the French. Controlling the Alps was one of the main strengh of the duchy of Savoy during the modern era. But of course, giving this tactical advantage against an italian unification was definitely worth it.

Tango is the finest and purest specimen of English blood

Same happened for Germany Italy was unified but it should have been unified better. Too bad Cavour died in 1861

I actually think Franz Joseph performed an admirable balancing act in the Crimean War. Supporting Russia would have been the end of Habsburg pretensions to great power status. Russia would have been left in control of the Danube and Austria dependent on her support. Nothing in the Western Balkans could have compensated. I agree, the Austrians put themselves in the bind via Russian intervention in 1848. It’s why I think Schwarzenberg’s greatest error was avoiding a compromise in Italy that would have freed up the troops needed to avoid Russian dependence.

@@OldBritannia I haven’t studied the period but couldn’t Russia have offered some sort of compromise, say letting Austria annex the Danubian principalities, Bosnia, and Serbia, creating an independent Bulgaria, and some gains for Greece in exchange for Russia getting the straits

@@jackbharucha1475 An interesting proposal, but one which I think would require Nicholas I to actually have a realistic grasp of his countries predicament, and not act like he had a God given entitlement to Austria’s support. Even then, destroying the Ottoman Empire wasn’t in Vienna’s interest. New nation states are never recipes for success in a multiethnic empire.

⁠​⁠​⁠@@jackbharucha1475you know perfectly well that only the starting of a new world war soon enough in the Balkan. Especially with nationalism on the rise. Serbia and Romania will not happy to see Austria control of their states. Even Bulgaria will not happy if the ygot too few land. Then after that is the straits. You know perfectly well anything happen to the Ottoman capital that involved the Russian would mean hostility from Britain and French. They will not allow the Russian into the Mediterranean. The Austria need the Ottoman to counter nationalism plus Russia influence. Trust me this the same reason why Bismarck rejected the ideal of Russia proposal in the Russo Turkish war.

@@OldBritannia He was an idiot anyway. The future of Austria was uniting the German lands, but wont let go of the italian and Hungarian Kingdom. Has he worked with the smaller german states to reform the German confederation into a true federal state with the Emporor of Austria as its head while giving the kingdom of Hungary to a junior branch of the Habsburg he could have preserved his dynasty. Instead Austria actively tried to keep Germany weak and divided

Bssed