imagine how cool it would be if Gary was your professor

Gary, could you please do a video on GPT, MBR, UEFI, BIOS, etc for Windows.

Just remember if you format an external harddrive FAT32, you cannot store files larger than 4 GB on it.

Thanks for a very nice and informative video, Gary! Will you continue in this fashion and discuss filesystems related to Linux and macOS?

Thanks Gary, that was well explained!

Thank you professor Gary! 👍

4:35 - The partition table tab also affects compatibility. I remember my father buying multiple USB drives because wouldn't work on the TV because I flashed Windows with GPT. It took me a while to know that GPT wasn't compatible. Replaced with MBR and worked again.

Excellent summary. Even though I use all of these on Win and Linux, there,was new info here for me. Will you please do a similar review of 5 or 6 major linux file systems. I'd like to know more about BTRFS and ZFS especially. Thanks, as always.

Excellent explanation sir 👍

Was hoping for some internal mechanics, like how FAT physically works on the disk. How NTFS, ext4, JFS, etc. work.

Thanks a ton Gary for this vid. Wanted to understand this since long. Crystal clear now.👍👍👍👍

thanks alot for detailed explanation 👍🏻

really interesting, learnt a lot from this! Sometimes when I run a live USB linux distro, I run out of space fast when theres still lots of room on the USB drive. Even when I do a persistence mode USB, it tends to do like 4 to 5GB with the OS filesystem then the persistence partition is seperate - but locked down. This has given me an idea to try different filesystems. thanks

Thank you Sir Gary!

Hi Gary, very informative! Thanks!

Great explainer. Helpful. Thank you

Thank you Professor Gary

Hey man, thanks a lot for these videos.

Fantastic simulation of the sound of putting a file/directory to trash bin @ 7:40 Appreciate your video.

Thanks for the video professor Gary 👍 Can filesystem difference between Windows and Linux explain some speed difference ? As I always Linux file operations to happen faster than on Windows (such as copying, extracting, or just searching files)

Wow what a good way of explaining, thank you

Great perfect just what I needed to know.

There's also the very rarely mentioned option that is supported by all major operating systems: UDF. It is used on DVDs and CD-RW, but can be used on other block media too. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Disk_Format#Compatibility Cameras and such tend to follow SD and Design rule for Camera File system specifications, which include use of FAT/FAT32/ExFAT. A weakness of UDF nowadays is volume size; it runs into limits over 2TiB, which hard drives and SSDs have now reached. It seemed pretty big back in 1995. It's not a hard problem to solve (FAT has had 6 such generation bumps), but interest is limited since Blu-Ray hasn't reached that size.

what a perfect green screen! which camera, lights and keyer are you useing?

Cheers mate👍🏽

Gary saar please do a video on EXT4 vs F2FS or CRC and Fsync on vs CRC and Fsync on )( disabling CRC and Fsync increases storage speed by a lot! You need kernel level support to turn them off 🙄

Was looking all over to find out if it is better to use NTFS on my external SSD if I am only ever going to use the drive on a PC and got the answer in the video. Thanks.

thanks great info!

Sometimes I hear Gary Sins then I have to pause and check the channel name lol Nice explanation as always👍

Thanks for lesson Prof

Thanks for the helpful vid! Very much relevant information in 2023 now and this has helped me loads.

I had an experience with recent (for that time) ubuntu 20.04 and I couldn't mount fat32-formatted flash drives. For this reason, now all my flash cards which I plug-in both to linux and windows machines, are formatted in ntfs. And yes, it seems this concerns only rw mode, when one needs to specify -o options for sudo mount. If read-only access is needed, it seems everything is mounted, but -o options are not required.

Excellent, Gary! Laszlo Montreal Photog.

Okay, Gary, you have pulled together in my mind why my new storage unit did not open up at the FedEx Store printer. Thank you!

iOS 14 & iPadOS 14 started to support NTFS format as read-only but not writing to NTFS drive. It only support both read & write in ExFAT drive..

I use Fedora-OS and it reads/writes to external NTFS hard-drives without any errors. Brilliant video Gary thank you so much for making it.

fun fact Linux can use allmost all filesystems that exist

That's really good

Mr. Gary please do a video ,which file system is used in Android and Apple iphones ?

Hi Gary love your videos. I need your help. (I am told) that in order for my usb's to play on a Marantz device I need to put this -(Sat- FAT 16-32 NB3) on the usb -How do you do this ? Regards Ed

It's so good!!!

Would have been nice if ReFS was included too, I have so much confusion about it.

Awesome!

Should i use exFAT for my USB flash drive, or EXT4 will be better option?

Good video, plenty info but not even close to everything I need to know!!!

Thank you! I was having so much trouble with this. I'm following an IT course and it's like the instructor is talking Chinese LOL. Watched this video and took notes and I'm ready to go : D

Thanks sir in my country nobody youtuber can explained

Hey Gary, do you know any of the platform independent file system which I can use across Window, Linux or mac. I know many FS have support on all three platforms. But is there anything platform independent? like does exFat have official linux and mac support? or is there anything open FS?

Thank you

You can format an sd card as ntfs, you can easily install an ntfs driver on Linux so you can read and write. IMO transferable solid state storage should all just use xfs. It's open source, flexible, optimised for solid state storage etc. Apple and Microsoft should just agree on this one, exfat is terrible, there is no reason not to use a journaling file system in this day and age.

External HD I would for sure use NTFS. exFAT has no advantage as you would still need drivers in other systems. SD cards something different and fine for exFAT.

Good overview for computer semi-literates...like me! 😁👍

Gary can you tell me how to access the metadata and also how to edit this metadata in windows

With such rich content Gary should be way over 1M subscribers by now ! Come one guys....spread the word ...

yet it did show up on the yt algo im subscribing

can you do a video on APFS

Thanks

So NTFS is recommended for external hard drives purchases today?

Can anyone explain me why my new usb 3.2 flash card is so slow sometimes? I go quite deep in subdirectories (maybe 3-5) and at some point I have to wait dozens of seconds while next directory is shown. And it contains just a few elements, not hundreds thousands. Flash is ntfs-formatted, 64 gigs total capacity, it's occupied to 50-60%, and I use windows file explorer. Now I realize that it's better to format it in exFAT, but I'm not sure I can mount it in linux then.

Please make a comparison NTFS vs. ReFS. ReFS should support Hyper-V and Deduplication nowadays.

what the heck is going on with youtube compression ? spooky effects on vids like 10:32 and so on

Gary, any easier way of using NTFS with Android apart from Total Commander?

3:23 NO!!! if you use the buildt-in dialog yes but if call the disk formatter API directly through diskpart you can

which filesystem should i use for internal drives shared between Windows and linux?

I have a 4TB that I formated as exFAT. I've been using on windows and lately the disk loading is so slow..I can't even access or copy files. Am I using the wrong file system and how do I resolve this without loosing data? Kindly help

What third party tools could be used to let a 256GB micro SD use all 256GBs when formatted in Fat32? I have one that formats it, but after formatting it the other 224 GBs get "petitioned"; I don't fully understand what that means unfortunately.

And yes, FAT32 is the first release in 1995 (i.e. Windows 95). NTFS is the second release in 2001 (i.e. Windows XP), whereas exFAT is the third release in 2006 (i.e. Windows Vista SP1).

so NTFS is a decent journaling system protecting you from corrupt data transfer but how about exFAT and the others? do they use the same advanced journaling system, too?

It sounds like NTFS would be a good choice for data backup drives since it's compatible with both Windows and Linux.

do a ext filesystem video

I always wondered why are operating systems in general in iso format and referred to as an image? is a .iso literally an image like a .jpg? Raspbian OS used to literally be a .img file.

Wow, this video helped solve the bigger mystery, lol. I think that's the real reason why OEMs might be ditching SD cards from their phones.

DO ext4 and apfs next

I primarily use linux mint and windows with all external drives formatted to exfat. I lost 4 terabytes of data moving my ssd from linux to windows. Formatting my external T7 4TB ssd to NTSF resolved loss of data issues. The journalling system of NTSF kept data loss to a minimum, and linux mint reads and writes to NTSF drives without issues.

Is this how ransomeware works? they take over your ntfs metadata?

If its NTFS how do i change it for my andriod

It is technically possible to use UDF (you know, from DVD's) as a cross-platform file system. But in practice it has poor support.

I've just bought an ssd t7 it comes as exfat standard,, I have windows 10 is it OK to leave it as exfat?

Yes. I liked it.

"NTFS limit is measured in Exabytes so that's nothing we have to worry about right now" That's exactly what people must have said in the 90s when talking about the 4GB limit of FAT32. Or CO2 emissions.

fat32 MBR, 32kb(if using drive for bigger files like movies instead of pictures). this is my go to scenario to use on older systems(ps3 and tvs under 4k) for my newer laptop using a 12tb external i go for exfat since i wont be using it on old devices because they cant read 12tb anyways

exFAT support is free with the new Synology OS (7)

Synology DSM 7 (beta) has native exFat support for free

I either use EXT4 or BTRFS

In the world of Linux distributions, the difference between FAT32 and exFAT is that FAT32 support is probably installed by default, but exFAT may not work until you cast the proper magic spell to invoke it (i.e., request installation of the proper obscure package from "the repositories"). This reflects that there exists an open-source implementation of FAT32 for Linux, and nobody seems to think any unexpired patents cover FAT32, and neither of these points is as clear when it comes to exFAT.

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I have a 2TB and cannot store data including images. How can I make it work.

This is handy, last week I had to dig through these file systems and wow thank you Microsoft for creating this awesome new technology named NTFS... NOT Always doing things differently for no reason >_>

Steam has problems with my exFAT partition on linux.

What about EXT? Ext4 is my default format :(

My Linux on doesn't see my new 2Tb ext HD as it's Fat but Linux sees my windows partition. My windows partition sees my ext HD, so don't understand why Linux doesn't see it.

I didn't know Linux and Mac don't support NTFS officially. I'm gonna reduce my usage of NTFS from now on. Thanks 😊

Gary for professor at institutes 🥺

I like building my own file systems and drivers

What if you want to dual boot Linux and windows?

fun fact: Ubuntu(a Linux distro) supports most of these natively. I plugged in an HFS drive, worked perfectly. NTFS? no problem. EXT4? ok that one is obvious

You didn't mention the 4 gb limit on solid data chunks in f32

Is exFat basically FAT64?

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