Until they decided everything must be pronounced as [i]. 😢

Greek uses symilar to Arameic letter names and is possibly related. Macedonian, on the other hand, is an old slavic language using phonems and all german researchers always call it "ancient greek". There was no introduction but inentional invention. Slovians => Slowo [polish] = Word [English]. Okrag [polish] = circle, Oko [polish] = Eye, usmiech [polish] = smile with a shape of U. Polish Alphabet = Abecadlo = ABeCaDlo

@@leonazar hahahahahaha this comment made my day. I'm learning greek, I feel you. They need to update their spelling ASAP... looks very cool as it is right now though

@@cocoliguligu4842 The hell are you trying to say?

Or ancient Indians and Ethiopians for their abugidas. But Korean hangul is better than any of them.

Any possibility of explaining the joke to us who don't speak Russian (yet)?

@@gaviswayze9696, there isn't a joke, really. It's just a Russian word meaning “a whole-ass disaster” or “a clusterfuck”, and hearing it in the middle of an English-language rant about the Hebrew alphabet was unexpected but delightful and fitting, heh.

Thanks! Now I can say six words in Russian: hello, goodbye, yes, no, thank you, and clusterfuck! I am delighted!@@DoctorFatman

I honestly thought of Life of Boris when he said that 😂

пизде́ц -(vulgar) extreme degree of anything; fuckload, shitload, fuckton, shitton 1 000 000 - э́то пизде́ц ско́лько де́нег! ― 1 000 000 - éto pizdéc skólʹko déneg! ― One million is a shitload of money! (-vulgar, sometimes humorous) extremely undesirable situation

Finally someone gets it. I am a Hebrew learner of a few years, and dabbled in a little Arabic for fun, and it actually added a lot of context, because I feel like Ancient Hebrew was much closer to Arabic than today, adding a explanations to the different letters

@@apstamp4560 Yes, there's that, but also, Arabic was extensively referenced in the process of reviving Hebrew. So not all the similarities go back to ancient times. Arabic had developed non-stop, so there was no point in reinventing the wheel, and adapting a semitic language to absorb all the scientific and modern terminologies of western languages presented many challenges.

@@apstamp4560 The way Hebrew was revived and is taught today is, methinks, heavily influenced by European tongues. That's not due to ignorance of Hebrew's original pronunciation, but to make it easier to grasp for the hundreds of thousands of European learners that had to learn it from the ground up and with no native speakers to interact with.

For example, that notion that ע is a vowel, or that ט is another ת are gross simplifications. But that's easier to teach than sounds that have no equivalent in any European tongue.

@@apstamp4560 Let's also remember that the modern Hebrew alphabet is not Hebrew. It's Aramaic. It wasn't created for this language, and that adds another level of unnecessary complexity.

Except when you got those long strings of vav in some words, which just looks weird.

Unless you're writing a word taken from Hebrew, then it written the same and you pronounce it like an OG Ashkenazi.

ווו?@@ajrollo1437

​@@ajrollo1437not weird, it's just like in English converting 2 V's into a W, except not always the same sound. Anyway anyone learning Hebrew in religious school (especially in Ashkenazi Europe or America) learns of the consecutive letters "Beis and Veis' or Tof and Sof. Just need a decent (read non Israeli) instruction and learning system

@@nngnnadas at one point there was a Soviet orthography as well that rivaled YIVO orthography in terms of publication output and that de-hebraicized Hebrew loanwords so for instance Sholem Aleichem‘s name was שאָלעם־אלייכעם

It was actually kept second best only to Yemen in Ashkenazi Jewish communities but in Israel we all pretty much dont keep it except for some Yemeni Jews

yeah like حاء it turned into خاء (kh) sound that's why Hebrew has a lot of kh sound

@@m070sam exactly ans also other differences for example we dont have the (th) sound and we dont pronounxe the letter ע (arabic r'ain?) correctly

@@user-gn7oo2ws8h well most sephardic and mizrahi Jews keep the original pronunciation of those letters Specially the sounding of ɛayin "Ɛ"ع is a beautiful semitic letter alongside Ḥ/ح

@@tayebizem3749 sephardic and mizrahi Jews not really but older yemeni Jews do and younger generations dont

semitic" is It's just mumbled Arabic, really. Imagine English with a third of its letters removed, and simplified grammar. Thats Aramaic, hebrew, etc. For example, combine T,D into just T no need to have 2 letters. Same for i, e, y they all should be just y from now on, etc etc. Arabic is the only corollary to proto-semitic, infact the whole semitic classification is nonsensical for anyone with a somewhat functioning mass between their ears. hebrew, aramaic, rest of madeup dialect continua only have 22 letters of the 29 protosemitic lettersz Arabic has all 29. The difference betweeen Arabic and the other creoles and Pidgin is the same as that between Latin and pig latin or italian. "phoenician" is an Arabic dialect continuum, not only that, it is pidgin. It's simplified to the point of stupidity, anyone with a basic knowledge of Arabic would see this evidently clear. What happened was, Arabic handicapped "scholars" saw the equivalent of scottish twitter spelling, with added mumbling by way of phonemic mergers (22 letters not 29) and thought themselves seeing a different language.

@@ranro7371 The best answer I have is we don't really know since it happened so long ago. But Arabic is the best, most eloquent and coherent language spoken by the sons of Shem.

what nonsense you are talking. the phoenicians existed long before the arabs had any culture or literature at all. yoiu have no idea about what you are talking and probably a typical islamic understanding of history. @@ranro7371

1/ There are opinions, and there are factual statements. I appreciate your opinions. Here is a factual statement. The Arabic language is the oldest continually spoken language in the world, back. In the 6th Century, only three languages had scripts and linguistics rich enough to have poetry. Those were Ancient Greek, Chinese, And Arabic. Of them, only Arabic exists as it did back then. Chinese script has no bearing on the language, which is why it is used by several languages, Ancient Greek has been standardized, only Arabic remains as the oldest continually spoken language whose speakers can read what was said 1500 years ago with the same fluency as anything written today. Languages degenerate as time passes by, old english lost its case endings, its genders, etc, back at a time when old english and the rest of the european vernaculars had no written script, entire encyclopedias were written in Arabic, but this isn't even the strangest part, what's truly strange is how is it so Perfect. There is no other language quite like Arabic, to begin with, it appears in history with the Qur'an, from the Qur'an and by analysing the Qur'an, the grammatical rules which govern the Arabic languag ewere extracted, this is in itself a linguistic miracle seeing as how there had to have been a mathematical exactness to have a concordance of the type of which that would allow rules to be established, no other colloraly exist in any other language, not only that the fact of the matter is, the script itsef appears for the first time with it, and the script in itself is a miracle as it simply should not exist. I shall elaborate. Arabic is the only corollary to proto-semitic, infact the whole semitic classification is nonsensical for anyone with a somewhat functioning mass between their ears. hebrew, aramaic, rest of madeup dialect continua only have 22 letters of the 29 protosemitic lettersz Arabic has all 29. The difference betweeen Arabic and the other creoles and Pidgin is the same as that between Latin and pig latin or italian. Language; When you look at the actual linguistics, you'll find that many were puzzled by the opposite, that is, how the other "semetic" (why in quotes will be revealed later) languages were more "evolved" than Arabic, while Arabic had archaic features, not only archaic compared to bibilical Hebrew, Ethiopic, "Aramaic" contemporary "semetic" languages, but even archaic compared to languages from ancient antiquity; Ugaritic, Akkadain. What is meant here by Archaic is not what most readers think, it is Archaic not in the sense that it is simple, but rather that it is complex (think Latin to pig Latin or Italian or Old English, which had genders and case endings to modern English), not only grammatically, but also phonetically; All the so called semitic languages are supposed to have evolved from protosemetic, the Alphabet for protosemitic is that of the so called Ancient South Arabian (which interestingly corresponds with the traditional Arabic origins account) and has 28 Phonemes. Arabic has 28 phonemes. Hebrew has 22, same as Aramaic, and other "semitic" languages. Now pause for a second and think about it, how come Arabic, a language that is supposed to have come so late has the same number of letters as a language that supposedly predates it by over a millennium (Musnad script ~1300 BCE). Not only is the glossary of phonemes more diverse than any other semitic language, but the grammar is more complex, containing more cases and retains what's linguists noted for its antiquity, broken plurals. Indeed, a linguist has once noted that if one were to take everything we know about languages and how they develop, Arabic is older than Akkadian (~2500 BCE). The real miracle of the Quran, the Arabic language. The thing the half educated don't know about is that Quranic Arabic is linguistically older than Akkadian. Both derive from "proto-semitic:, protosemitic has 29 letters, the same as Arabic meanwhile Akkadian underwent phonemic mergers To show the relation of Arabic to other "semitic" languages, see below Classical Arabic has largest phonemic inventories among semitic languages. It has 28 consonants (29 with Hamza) and 6 vowels (3 short and 3 long). Some of these sounds are rare or absent in other semitic languages. For example, - Classical Arabic has two pharyngeal consonants /ʕ/ (ع) and /ħ/ (ح), which are produced by constricting the pharynx (the back part of the throat). These sounds are found only in some semitic languages (such as Hebrew and Amharic), but not in others (such as Akkadian and Aramaic). - Classical Arabic has two emphatic consonants /sˤ/ (ص) and /dˤ/ (ض), which are produced by lowering the larynx (the voice box) and raising the back of the tongue. These sounds are found only in some semitic languages (such as Hebrew and Amharic), but not in others (such as Akkadian and Aramaic). - Classical Arabic has two uvular consonants /q/ (ق) and /χ/ (خ), which are produced by retracting the tongue to the uvula (the small fleshy projection at the back of the soft palate). These sounds are found only in some semitic languages (such as Hebrew and Amharic), but not in others (such as Akkadian and Aramaic). - Classical Arabic has two glottal consonants /ʔ/ (ء) and /h/ (ه), which are produced by opening and closing the glottis (the space between the vocal cords). These sounds are found in most semitic languages, but not in all of them. For example, Akkadian has lost the glottal stop /ʔ/, while Aramaic has lost both the glottal stop and the glottal fricative /h/. - Classical Arabic has six vowel phonemes /a/, /i/, /u/, /aː/, /iː/, /uː/, which can be short or long. These vowels are found in most semitic languages, but not in all of them. For example, Akkadian has only three vowel phonemes /a/, /i/, /u/, which can be short or long, while Aramaic has only two vowel phonemes /a/ and /i/, which can be short or long. To show the relation of Arabic to other "semitic" languages, see below This is the protosemitic script, which contains the entirety of the phonemic inventory of semitic languages, its only 1:1 equivalent is Arabic, the rest dropped or mumbled the phonemes 𐩠 𐩡 𐩢 𐩣 𐩤 𐩥 𐩦 𐩧 𐩨 𐩩 𐩪 𐩫 𐩬 𐩭 𐩮 𐩰 𐩱 𐩲 𐩳 𐩴 𐩵 𐩶 𐩷 𐩸 𐩹 𐩺 𐩻 𐩼 Arabic ا ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن ه و ي A b t ṯ j h kh d ḏ r z s sh ṣ ḍ ṭ ẓ ʿ ġ f q k l m n h w y Hhbrew א ב ג ד ה ו ז ח ט י כ ל מ נ ס ע פ צ ק ר ש ת Merged phonemes in hebrew and aramaic: ح, خ (h, kh) merged into only kh consonant remain س, ش (s, sh) merged into only Shin consonant remaining ط, ظ (ṭ/teth, ẓ) merged into only ṭ/teth consonant remaining ص, ض (ṣ, ḍ/Tsad ) merged into only ḍ/Tsad consonant remaining ع, غ (3'ayn, Ghayn) merged into a reducted ayin consonant remaining ت, ث (t/taw, th) merged into only t/taw consonant remaining |Classical Arabic | 28 consonants, 29 with Hamza and 6 vowels; some consonants are emphatic or pharyngealized; some vowels are marked with diacritics | Complex system of word formation based on roots and patterns; roots are sequences of consonants that carry the basic meaning of a word; patterns are sequences of vowels and affixes that modify the meaning and function of a word | Flexible word order, but VSO is most common; SVO is also possible; subject and object are marked by case endings (-u for nominative, -a for accusative, -i for genitive); verb agrees with subject in person, number, and gender; verb has different forms for different moods and aspects | | Akkadian | 22 consonants and 3 vowels; some consonants are glottalized or palatalized; vowels are not marked | Similar system, but with different roots and patterns; some roots have more than three consonants; some patterns have infixes or reduplication | Fixed word order of SVO; subject and object are not marked by case endings, but by prepositions or word order; verb agrees with subject in person, number, and gender; verb has different forms for different tenses and aspects | | Aramaic | 22 consonants and 3 vowels (later variants have more); no emphatic or pharyngealized consonants (except in some dialects); vowels are not marked (except in later variants such as Syriac) | Simple system of word formation based on prefixes and suffixes; some roots or patterns exist, but are less productive than in Arabic or Akkadian | "Semitic" is just mumbled Arabic, really. Imagine English with a third of its letters removed and simplified grammar. That's Aramaic, Hebrew, etc. For example, combine T and D into just T; there's no need to have 2 letters. The same goes for i, e, y - they should all be just y from now on, etc., etc. Arabic is the only corollary to proto-Semitic. In fact, the whole classification of Semitic languages is nonsensical for anyone with a somewhat functioning brain. Hebrew, Aramaic, and the rest of these made-up dialect continua only have 22 letters out of the 29 proto-Semitic letters. Arabic has all 29. The difference between Arabic and the other creoles and Pidgin is the same as the difference between Latin and pig Latin or Italian. "Phoenician" is an Arabic dialect continuum, and not only that, it is pidgin. It is simplified to the point of stupidity. Anyone with a basic knowledge of Arabic would see this clearly. What happened was that Arabic handicapped "scholars" saw the equivalent of Scottish Twitter spelling, with added mumbling due to phonemic mergers (22 letters, not 29), and mistakenly thought they were seeing a different language."

Finally, let's look at a more complex sentence: The letter was written with a pen. How would you say it in different Semitic languages? ## The letter was written with a pen Arabic: كُتِبَتِ الرِّسَالَةُ بِالقَلَمِ kutiba-t al-risāla-t-u bi-l-qalam-i Proto-Semitic: *kutiba-t ʔal-risāla-t-u bi-l-qalam-i Hebrew: המכתב נכתב בעט ha-michtav niktav ba-et Akkadian: šipram šapāru bēlum Egyptian: sḏm.n.f p-ẖry m rnp.t Berber: tturra-t tibratin s uccen In the examples Arabic and Proto-Semitic have the same word order (verb-subject-object), the same passive voice marker (-t-), the same definite article (al-), and the same preposition (bi-). Hebrew has changed the word order (subject-verb-object), lost the passive voice marker, changed the definite article (ha-) and the preposition (ba-). Akkadian has changed the word order (object-subject-verb), lost the passive voice marker, changed the definite article (-um) and the preposition (bēlum). These examples show that classical Arabic has more consonants and vowels than other semitic languages, and that it preserves some sounds that were lost or changed in other semitic languages. This means that classical Arabic can encode more information in a given unit of speech than other semitic languages, and that it is closer to the original sound system of protosemitic., we can see that classical Arabic has more grammatical features than the other languages, such as case endings, mood endings, and root and pattern system. These features make classical Arabic more expressive and precise than the other languages, as it can convey more information and nuances in a single word or phrase. Classical Arabic is also more flexible than the other languages, as it can use different word orders and verb forms to emphasize different aspects of the sentence. Classical Arabic is therefore older and more original than the other languages. "Semitic" is just mumbled Arabic, really. Imagine English with a third of its letters removed and simplified grammar. That's Aramaic, Hebrew, etc. For example, combine T and D into just T; there's no need to have 2 letters. The same goes for i, e, y - they should all be just y from now on, etc., etc. Arabic is the only corollary to proto-Semitic. In fact, the whole classification of Semitic languages is nonsensical for anyone with a somewhat functioning brain. Hebrew, Aramaic, and the rest of these made-up dialect continua only have 22 letters out of the 29 proto-Semitic letters. Arabic has all 29. The difference between Arabic and the other creoles and Pidgin is the same as the difference between Latin and pig Latin or Italian. "Phoenician" is an Arabic dialect continuum, and not only that, it is pidgin. It is simplified to the point of stupidity. Anyone with a basic knowledge of Arabic would see this clearly. What happened was that Arabic handicapped "scholars" saw the equivalent of Scottish Twitter spelling, with added mumbling due to phonemic mergers (22 letters, not 29), and mistakenly thought they were seeing a different language." The Aramaic word for God is Alaha. It's the word Isa PBUH (jesus as his name is often misspelled due to lack of the ayin sound in greek which was rendered to iesous coupling the nearest sound to ayin, same letter found in 'iraq' , which sound entirely different in Arabic form 'iran' in Arabic, with the -ous greek suffix that greeks typically add to their names 'herodotOUS and later mumbled into a j) Sounds familiar? Written without the confusing vowels it is A-L-H ܐ ܠܗܐ (alap-lamed-he) as found in found in Targum or in Tanakh (Danel, Ezra), Syriac Aramaic (Peshitta) adducted from the Arabic original of which aramaic is a dialect continuum of A-L-L-H (Aleph-Lam-Lam-Ha). Matter of fact that all this, and the knowledge needed for deciphering ancient texts and the complexity all of it was derived from the Qur'an, it was by analysing the syntactic structure of the Quran that the Arabic root system was developed, first attested to in Kitab Al-Ayin, the first intralanguage dictionary of its kind, preceding the Oxford English dictionary by 800 years, that the concept of Arabic root was developed and later co-opted into "semitic root" that the ancient scripts were deciphered, they quite literally copy pasted the entirey of Arabic root. hebrew had been dead, and so were all the other dialects of Arabic until being "revived" in a frankensteinian fashion in the 18th, 19th centuries. The whole region spoke basically the same language, mumbled dialect continuums spread about, and Arabic is the oldest form from which all these dialects branched off. As time passed, the language became more degenerate and then the Quran appears with the oldest form possible of the language thousands of years later It is why the Arabs back then were challenged to produce 10 verses similar, and they couldnt. People think it's a miracle becau'e they couldnt do it, but I think the miracle is the language itself, they had never spoken Arabic, nor has any other language before or since had this mathematical precision behind it. And I quite literally mean, mathematical. Now how is it that the Qur'an came thousands of yeara later in an alphabet that had never been recorded before and in the highest form the language had ever taken and the language is lexically, syntactically, phonemically and semantically older than the oldest recorded writing, infact, that writing appears to have been a simplified version of it, and not only that, but it would be the equivalent of the greatest works of any particular language all appearing in one book that in a perfect script and in the highest form the language could ever take, so high infact it is theoretically not possible to surpass it all in a script that had never been recorded before and so the enlightenment of mankind from barbarism and savagery began and age of reason and rationality was born from its study God did bring down the Qur’an, Mohamed is his Messenger.

I completely understand. Alot of it comes down to context, which is hard to have if you don't know much vocab, or know alot about the spoken language. Another thing is being aware of the doubles (the letters that make two separate sounds, so bet and vet for example). Even though there are only 22 letters, we have the sofits, which are letters with different forms when they're at the end of a word (mem vs. mem sofit). Then we have the issue of loan words, which are spelled in their own.. special way, if you will. Loan words are only spelled in hebrew with the letters that 100% are to make a certain needed sound. I know people say this alot, but you must practice. It took me 5 weeks of using flashcards everyday to get to the point where I could even read words (with nikkud).

Standard Arabic has only the vowels a, i, and u. Of course this reduces the guessing greatly. If you want to learn spoken Syrian or Moroccan, you'll guess more.

@@stephanpopp6210getting into arabic right now, i heard people saying you cant guess and have to know every word, but at the same time there are people who say you can guess. Can you enlighten me on that? At the moment i cant read much and just guess the vowel is “a”

@@Belti200 You can guess in many cases, but not in all. E.g. adjectives normally have the vowel pattern a - i (ee). So if you read something spelt KBIR, you know that it is pronounced "kabeer" (big). The more complicated verbs also have vowel patterns that hold for all, e.g. "yanfatihu" = it opens can only have these vowels, because it is a "no. 7" stem (with an n). On the other hand, short words without a long vowel often need to be guessed. "Cat" is "hirr", not "harr", "dog" is "kalb", not "kulb", "it falls" is "yasqut", not "yasqat". You need to learn that. Other than in Hebrew, there is no e or o.

@@Belti200 Well yes, native speakers guess all the time when they read. Given that you've acquired considerable amount of vocabulary, context will be your best friend. Similar to how you can spot the difference between record and record in a given sentence. But even without context you can still guess most of the time. And the answer is to get into morphology aka sarf. I can explain more if you'd like

This is very interesting to read, thanks. I did not imagine that there would still be people speaking Ladino in Corfu. Which letters are the Hebrew-only letters that you mention?

Lol we have over a thousand years worth of Judeo-German or Yiddish texts, but the Soviets decided it was best to change it 😅 (wasn't it they who also decided jews would be best apart and needing shunting off to the extreme edge of the Russian far east, (next to freaking China, and with wild Tigers roaming around, yup perfect.) to build that travesty of a place, mostly populated by goyim and less than 10% Jews? I think I saw a documentary, like streets named Sholem aleichem st, or some such nonsense 🤔 And wow big surprise, after their inevitable fall it was changed back lmfao 🤣 typically Russian

Well, Ladino is descended from Old Spanish, so it should use the Latin alphabet. On the other hand, Yiddish is descended from Middle High German and for some reason uses the Hebrew alphabet (seemingly the hardest part of Yiddish is the alphabet). I know there are transliterations of Yiddish, but its spelling system is a bit odd; the other day, I learned that the transliterated version of Yiddish for "for example" is "tsum bayshpil", which sounds exactly like German "zum Beispiel", but is spelled very oddly.

Wow, a real jew from Birobidzhan! As a Russian I always thought "jewish autonomous oblast" was a USSR gov joke and it had no jews in it. I even lived not that far away, in Amur oblast. Sadly the region is not very known nowadays and the people are leaving it for better places.

If in Greece, has there been any interaction with romanyote/yevanitika and if so how is it in comparison to ladino, yiddish, hebrew, etc.? Is the Hebrew abjad used, is the Hellenic alphabet used, or is the Latin script still used the same as you mentioned above?

I think abjad is quite a suitable writing system for Hebrew cuz it's easy to recognize the root and understand the meaning quickly

Thanks, man. Hebrew writing and reading just kills me.

It's just mumbled Arabic, really. Imagine English with a third of its letters removed, and simplified grammar. Thats hebrew. For example, combine T,D into just T no need to have 2 letters. Same for i, e, y they all should be just y from now on, etc etc. "

8) In words loaned from foreign languages: ת replaces "th", ט replaces "t". In those loaned words, "k" is spelled mostly with ק and "s" is spelled replaced by ס (samekh). That is why you have תאטרון (theatre), or מתמטיקה (mathematics), or סטודנט (student). 9) It is impossible for "P" to appear at the end of an original Hebrew word, so you cannot have "peh sofit". In the rare loaned words, where P appears at the end, regular "peh" is written instead: טופ, פופ etc.

Now I say this just as someone who only knows the letters and a handful of words, but Arabic also has a letter that can stand in for the sound of v, w, o, u, and oo if I remember correctly.

@@donkeysaurusrex7881 in Standard Arabic, the و only has two sounds, it's either a long uu or a w, which as a Portuguese speaker it makes complete sense for me, as we use the vowel U for both sounds (we write whiskey as "uísque"). There is no V or O sound in Standard Arabic, but then there are dialects and loanwords which complicates it a little more.

@@donkeysaurusrex7881 I dont want to embarrass myself here but as a native arabic speaker I'm fairly certain that such a letter does not exist

@@Zaid-vs2zz It might be one of those dialect things. But yes, in MSA there's absolutely no such letter. And for the most part every consonant makes a specific sound with very few exceptions.

Arabic letters are problematic too.

The irony though is that it hasn't been successfully reformed because of one (1) book only. :)

@@olterigoWhy would the torah effect spelling reform, doesn't change the meaning of the text

@@memeboi6017 Because every Sabbath and Jewish holiday, religious Jews in synagogues read Torah from a parchment scroll. Those scrolls to be kosher (for the synagogal reading) have to be written by hand, and get copied letter by letter from a prior scroll. Many religious Jews believe there's a mystical reason for letters to be written the way they are, including the final letters.

​@@olterigo Then you'd think they'd go the Arabic route and just choose the most conservative pronunciation (that sounds (more or less) the way the language sounded when Torah was written) as the basis for the standard language.

@@2712animefreak I agree with you in general, but in Eastern European Orthodox Judaism the reality is that sometimes tradition/custom becomes the rule and you need a very authoritative rabbi to change it back to what it originally is supposed to be. That's why some really religious Jews, still dress like their ancestors 10 generations ago - the customary outfits became "holy" if you will (plus they keep them different from the rest of the society).

If this makes you feel better, at least in Sephardic Hebrew, the letter bag doesn't make the /v/ sound (unless it's the Greek Sephardic dialect), so it's either /o~u/ or /w/. And the letter Ayin makes the /ŋ/ sound for some reason. The Sephardic dialect from North Africa, and some regions next to Israel are more conservative though, and the letters Gimmel, Daleth, and Tav have their two pronunciations g~ɣ, d~ð, t~θ respectively.

One of the most impressive feats I ever saw in language was when my Hebrew professor wrote a long sentence out on the blackboard and then went back to the beginning and added in all the points! I could never get past writing one letter then pointing it and moving on to the next letter. 😢

הטעויות הכי נפוצות שראיתי בעברית הן. "אני יעשה" "במקום אני אעשה", "שלושה נקבות" "במקום שלוש נקבות", הניקוד אף פעם לא מוסבר/מבוטא. וכמעט כל ישראלי ורוסי מתבלבלים בביטוי האותיות א' ו-ע'.

@@natantitelbaum6061 מסכימה עם הכל, למרות שאני לא זוכרת ששמעתי הרבה טעויות בין א' וע'. למרות שיש הרבה טעויות בין זכר ונקבה בפעלים מדוברי רוסית

Nikkud is *not* part of the writing system. The Torah never had any of it. It's a later invention, probably borrowed from some other semitic language.

i'd laugh in three-gendered german, but not only is that a bit macabre, you also could easily defeat me be throwing the word Nutella at me.. or Joghurt.. or Kartoffel.. or Butter..

Great points! It’s not great for Yiddish either, but still somehow way better than modern Hebrew.

I've been playing around with the new Yiddish course on Duolingo, and I've dabbled in Hebrew, it does seem much easier to read Yiddish than Hebrew. I will try to conquer Hebrew again someday, but right now I am having a lot of fun with Yiddish.

Wow kudos to you dude. I kinda agree, I mean designation helps, so knowing e.g Alef is A and Ayin is an E makes things much simpler from the outset. The problem with Yiddish is the letter combos are kinda weird to English speakers. So as in say the word (T)Chepper meaning to bother or annoy, the spelling is Tes Shiyen (and you have to know its somehow shiyen not a siyen, or I guess they'd use samech??) to someone self taught (and without nikkud help) it was curious adaptation from the Hebrew to have to master

Yes, you'd always use a semech, not siyen, unless it's a word of Hebrew origin, but those don't have the tch sound.

You are describing phonetic orthography. Polish language also has phonetic orthography. English language obviously does not - its spelling is bad joke.

​@garyallen8824That doesn't change the fact that its writing "rules" are a mess.

English is crazy. That's what I tell my Asian students learning Stinklish. KJV English is epic though.@garyallen8824

IMHO, inglish wudnt pöhäps bii sou kuul if it häd ö "finnishd" speling? 🥴

@@arjuna-fn2pg There is a really cool phonetic english alphabet ukposts.info/have/v-deo/fGZngKijpqqnpHU.html

I learned biblical Hebrew and we used the modern pronounciation during class. I would have preferred the ancient (or reconstructed) pronounciation since it makes it easier to memorize some words and also helps understanding tonal rules. And there would not have been so many redundant letters.

How כ was pronounced? All i know that ת was like "th" sound

@@xplodkain with a dagesch it is a 'k' without dagesch it's a fricative like the 'ch' in the German word "Nacht"

In the beginning כ is 99.99% k and in the end ב is 99.99% v. This can change in some foreign words

For best understanding of Hebrew writing/reading - best to understand concept of משקל and בניין - and of course roots. How actually words are build. Once you get it everything will be way clearer. Grammar is very important tool. That it would be natural to understand and remember meaning of stuff like: לִכְתוֹב, כָּתַבָה, כִּתִיבָה, מִכְתָב, כַתָב

No I believe for proper analysis one NEEDS to be able to isolate the Shoresh, if you can extract the 3 letter root it becomes much easier to understand a word and it's pronounciation and usage. That's how we were taught as little kids, (Yiddish however was never taught, just spoken, so learning to read fluently was much harder.)

Hm. I have a hard time picturing anyone wanting to learn Hebrew. Arabic maybe, but Hebrew?

To your last request: ט and ת both just make a /t/ sound nowadays. Historically, one of them made the /th/ sound (way back in the Iron Age, that was the ט, which is why the Greek theta still makes that sound, but more recently it was the ת, which further shifted to /s/ in Yiddish. You sometimes get /th/ translitterated as ת or 'ת in Hebrew today. The letter ק makes the /k/ sound, and the letter ח makes a so-called "hard h" (like the French kh, Spanish and Russian x, German ch, as in "Bach"), while כ can make both sounds (always a /k/ at the start of a word, except in a couple of relatively recent loanwords from Greek; always a hard h when it's in its word-final forn, ך). If you have nikkud, a /k/ will always appear as כּ, with that dot in the middle. Now, historically, those were actually different sound qualities. Most Arabic dialects still preserve the distinction between the sound of a quf (note the q in the transliteration) and a kaf, and the hard h of ח is meant to be glottal, not velar, as in כ, again, a difference still heard in Arabic, but only preserved in very few Modern Hebrew sub-dialects.

"semitic" is just mumbled Arabic, really. Imagine English with a third of its letters removed, and simplified grammar. Thats Aramaic, hebrew, etc. For example, combine T,D into just T no need to have 2 letters. Same for i, e, y they all should be just y from now on, etc etc. Arabic is the only corollary to proto-semitic, infact the whole semitic classification is nonsensical for anyone with a somewhat functioning mass between their ears. hebrew, aramaic, rest of madeup dialect continua only have 22 letters of the 29 protosemitic lettersz Arabic has all 29. The difference betweeen Arabic and the other creoles and Pidgin is the same as that between Latin and pig latin or italian. "phoenician" is an Arabic dialect continuum, not only that, it is pidgin. It's simplified to the point of stupidity, anyone with a basic knowledge of Arabic would see this evidently clear. What happened was, Arabic handicapped "scholars" saw the equivalent of scottish twitter spelling, with added mumbling by way of phonemic mergers (22 letters not 29) and thought themselves seeing a different language.

I saw a video about the Tibetan alphabet... turns out it was pretty good when it was invented, but they kept the same alphabet and spelling across hundreds of years of linguistic drift, so now it's very unwieldy.

An equally confusing system existed among some Tibetan-Buddhist Manchus about 200-300 years ago, who transcribed Tibetan sutras in a way that roughly stands halfway between how it is originally spelled and how it was spoken around Lhasa at the time. For example, the word _dbus_ is pronounced like a German ü now, but they wrote it as _us_ in Manchu letters and pronounced it _ui._

There is Th sound in Ancient hebrew like in English but not in Arabic nobody use it but it better ti start sound Dalet without Dagesh like MoTHer faTHer real Tav without dagesh not from Ashkenuses THink or THanks Gimel without dagesh like Turkish hard G Reply

Damn, so true, I forgot about those! Wish I added them in the video

בנוסף יש גם את המילים: עט - at (התנפל) אט - at (לאט) סרטון מעולה אגב

There's nothing like Semitic languages with sherry.

Too true lol. In my defence I was much younger then as I graduated in 1992! I can't believe how long ago that was now...

I was under the impression that biblical hebrew was far more confusing in respect to reading comprehension and relies heavily on memorization because so many of the words have a dozen or more literal translations or uses and other reasons. My grandparents were insistent that I learned Yiddish and German as a child

Thankfully it wasn't really as bad as that because although many of the words have different meanings, and different shades of meaning, the context was a good guide.@@sidvicious6505

​@@sidvicious6505yea. Biblical Hebrew was even harder than modern one

Well, it's my understanding that Turkish phonology is more suited to the Latin alphabet. Aside from ı /ɯ/, all the sounds in Turkish occur in common Indo-European languages. Though, I do appreciate that Azerbaijani distinguishes between e /e/ and ə /æ/, where Turkish uses e for both sounds.

Can't speak to the gimel situation since [g] doesn't exist in all dialects, and is always represented by different letters, but I can confirm as an Arabic speaker that د [d] (daal) and ذ [ð] (thaal) exhibit this, as well as ت [t] (taa') and ث [θ] (thaa') As far as [g], my native Egyptian has that represented by ج (jeem), which in MSA makes a [dʒ] sound. Some will represented by a ق (qaaf), which in MSA is a [q] and in Egyptian is a [ʔ]۔The velar fricative [ɣ] (or something similar) is always represented by غ (ghain) though

⁠​⁠​⁠​⁠@@largefam3109That’s true. Though the Arabic alifbaa didn’t have separate letters for each pronunciation at the very beginning. For example, the letter pronounced [θ] was just the same letter as [t]. If I remember correctly, [b] and [n] were also represented by that letter. It seems like in the Hebrew alphabet they did not end up adding new letters to separate one sound from another, instead they differentiated them with nikkud.

I thought tet was supposed to be the th sound.

@@ferretyluv No, tet (according to the most widely accepted version) was the same sound as "ta" (a letter with a long vertical bar) in Arabic.

@@aurasphere01 Yeah, sounds about right. Older versions of the Arabic script didn't have dots, so ت، ث، ب، ن (t, th, b, n) would look identical (ن would as well at the beginning/midle of a word)

Err dude, I'm not sure exactly HOW he did that because from my memory they have 2 completely different letters. Yes, a shiyen can be a Siyen, but drugs/Samim is spelled with a Samech and heaven/Shamayim is a Shiyen or Shin not a Siyen/sin 😉 of course I didn't learn in Cyrillic alphabet so perhaps that's the issue??

@@ABritInNY no, she just misspelled it. Because she forgot that she already know this word, so she tried her best an improvised. שמים is sky, but if you don't know how exactly read it, you can read it with sound s, not sh. And without symbols it is difficult to read it with "...aim", easier to "...im". So that's how shamaim (שמים) turned into samim(סמים)

I was going to ask to what degree are these issues are caused by Hebrew taking an already existing alphabet (Aramaic) in which to write it?

Yeah the native Hebrew words for parents should be אב Av and אם Em

Really? How many vowel sounds does it have?

​@@victorb9763 short vowels, 5 long vowels, 2 short syllabic consonants, 1 long syllabic consonant, and 2 diphthongs.

Salam, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. In The Name Of God, Most Compassionate, Most Gracious. It was We who revealed the Torah (to Moses); therein was guidance and light. By its standard have been judged the Jews, by the Prophet who bowed (as in Islam) to Allah’s will, by the Rabbis and the Doctors of Law: for to them was entrusted the protection of Allah’s Book, and they were witnesses thereto: therefore fear not men, but fear Me, and sell not My Signs for a miserable price. (Quran, 5:44) Truly Pharaoh elated himself in the land and broke up its people into sections depressing a group among them: their sons he slew, but he kept alive their females: for he was indeed a maker of mischief. (28:4) So We sent this inspiration to the mother of Moses: “Suckle (thy child) but when thou hast fears about him cast him, into the river, but fear not nor grieve: for We shall restore him to thee, and We shall make him one of Our messengers.” (28:7) The wife of Pharaoh said: “(Here is) a joy of the eye for me and for thee: slay him not. It may be that he will be of use to us, or we may adopt him as a son.” And they perceived not (what they were doing)! (28:9) Thus did We restore him to his mother that her eye might be comforted, that she might not grieve and that she might know that the promise of Allah is true: but most of them do not understand. (28:13) But when he came to the (Fire), a voice was heard from the right bank of the valley, from a tree in hallowed ground: “O Moses! Verily I am Allah the Lord of the Worlds…” (28:30) And when the two bodies saw each other, the people of Moses said: “We are sure to be overtaken.” (Moses) said: “By no means! My Lord is with me! Soon will He guide me!” Then We told Moses by inspiration: “Strike the sea with thy rod.” So it divided, and each separate part became like the huge, firm mass of a mountain. And We made the other party approach thither. We delivered Moses and all who were with him; but We drowned the others. Verily in this is a Sign: but most of them do not believe. And verily thy Lord is He, the Exalted in Might, Most Merciful. (26:61-68) And We made a people, considered weak (and of no account), inheritors of lands in both East and West - lands whereon We sent down Our blessings. The fair promise of thy Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel, because they had patience and constancy, and we leveled to the ground the great works and fine buildings which Pharoah and his people erected (with such pride). (7:137) And We ordained laws for him in the Tablets in all matters, both commanding and explaining all things (and said): “Take these and hold these with firmness, and enjoin thy people to hold fast by the best in the precepts.” (7:145) …Aaron said: “Son of my mother! The people did indeed reckon me as naught, and went near to slaying me! Make not the enemies rejoice over my misfortune, nor count thou me amongst the people of sin.” (7:150) And remember, Moses said to his people: “O my people! Why do ye vex and insult me, though ye know that I am the messenger of Allah (sent) to you?” (61:5) He said: “O my Lord! I have power only over myself and my brother: so separate us from this rebellious people!” (5:25)

Salam, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. Idol Worship is prohibited in Hinduism not in a single place.... It is mentioned in Svetashvatara Upanishad chapter 4 verse 19 As well as in: “There is no image of Him” (Svetashvatara Upanishad 4:19) It is mentioned in Yajurved Chapter 32 Verse 3 “There is no image of Him” (Yajurved 32:3) It is also mentioned in Yajurveda Chapter 40 verse 9 “They enter darkness those who worship natural things (for e.g. air, water, fire, etc.). They sink deeper in darkness those who worship sambhuti i.e. created things (for e.g. table, chair, car, idol etc.) (Yajurved 40:9) Idol worship, which is very common amongst the Hindus, is prohibited in Hinduism. It is mentioned in Bhagavad Gita Chapter 7 verse 20: “Those whose intelligence has been stolen by material desires they worship demigods i.e. idols.(Bhagavad Gita 7:20) * Hindu Scriptures: "There is only ONE God, not the second; not at all, not at all, not in the least bit."[Brahma Sutra] * Hindu Scriptures: "He is ONE ONLY without a second." [Chandogya Upanishad 6:2:1] Hindu Scriptures: " O friends, do not worship ANYBODY but Him, the Divine One. Praise Him ALONE."[Rigveda 8:1:1] Hindu Scriptures: "I am the goal of life, the LORD and support of all, the inner witness, the abode of all. I am the only refuge, the ONE true friend; I am the beginning, the staying, and the end of creation; I am the womb and the eternal seed. I am heat; I give and withhold the rain. I am immortality and I am death; I am what is and what is not"[Bhagavad Gita 9:18-19]

Salam, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. Hebrew Alphabet Is Derived From Aramaic, Turned Into Squarer Shapes, Akin To Japanese Kanji And Korean Hangul, From Chinese, A Mere 1,500 Years Ago, At The Period Of Prophet Muhammad. The Language Contains Arabic, Aramaic, Persian, Phoenician & Yiddish. The Rabbi's Claim It Is The Oldest Language, But Why Is Arabic In Most Language's Instead Of Hebrew ?

The nice thing about French is that it's nearly a monosyllabic language. Every word is (consonant) + "eau"...

I agree! The video does make the point that modern Hebrew doesn’t really need the ancient alphabet, but I think it just adds a beautiful link to the past

What alphabet? There's not Hebrew alphabet. Maybe an abjad.

Salam, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. Hebrew Alphabet Is Derived From Aramaic, Turned Into Squarer Shapes, Akin To Japanese Kanji And Korean Hangul, From Chinese, A Mere 1,500 Years Ago, At The Period Of Prophet Muhammad. The Language Contains Arabic, Aramaic, Persian, Phoenician & Yiddish. The Rabbi's Claim It Is The Oldest Language, But Why Is Arabic In Most Language's Instead Of Hebrew ?

@@omarlittle-hales8237 Shlomo? Peace? Maybe Shalom. Hangul is designed from scratch. It's not like the Chinese language system. It's FUNDAMENTALLY DIFFERENT.

@@zaco-km3su Salam, Shlomo [Aramaic], Shalom, Peace. Who developed the Hangul system? The Hangul system was developed by Sejong, fourth king of the Chosŏn dynasty, in 1443 to improve literacy. In 1446 Hangul was made the official writing system of Korea. Despite this, Hanja (Chinese characters) persisted as the main writing system of the elite class for 500 more years.

Salam, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. Hebrew Alphabet Is Derived From Aramaic, Turned Into Squarer Shapes, Akin To Japanese Kanji And Korean Hangul, From Chinese, A Mere 1,500 Years Ago, At The Period Of Prophet Muhammad. The Language Contains Arabic, Aramaic, Persian, Phoenician & Yiddish. The Rabbi's Claim It Is The Oldest Language, But Why Is Arabic In Most Language's Instead Of Hebrew ?

There is Th sound in Ancient hebrew like in English but not in Arabic nobody use it but it better ti start sound Dalet without Dagesh like MoTHer faTHer real Tav without dagesh not from Ashkenuses THink or THanks Gimel without dagesh like Turkish hard G Reply

@@user-xo6ul7qj8h Salam, Shlama, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. 1. Mossad Was Behind 9/11. 2. Mossad Was Behind The Fall Of Saddam Hussein. 3. Mossad Was Behind The Fall Of Colonel Gaddafi. 4. Mossad Was Behind The Afghan War. 5. Mossad Was Behind The Syrian War. 6. Mossad Was Behind The Fall Of Lebanon. 7. Mossad Was Behind The Sudan Civil War.

Salam, Shlama, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. 1. Mossad Was Behind 9/11. 2. Mossad Was Behind The Fall Of Saddam Hussein. 3. Mossad Was Behind The Fall Of Colonel Gaddafi. 4. Mossad Was Behind The Afghan War. 5. Mossad Was Behind The Syrian War. 6. Mossad Was Behind The Fall Of Lebanon. 7. Mossad Was Behind The Sudan Civil War.

@@user-xo6ul7qj8h Salam, Shlama, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. Th In Arabic = Tha There Was No Ancient Hebrew, Just Aramaic And Arabic, Hebrew Is A Mere 1,500 Years Old. Created To Separate Themselves From Aramaic And The Arabic Quran, At The Time Period Of Prophet Muhammad. The Rabbi's Confirmed That He Was Prophet, And Always Went To Him For Advice And Counsel, But Said He Was From The Unwed Egyptian Concubine. Whilst The Quran Confirms That Hagar Was A Egyptian Princess, Married To Abraham The Friend Of God. Even The Word Muhammadim In Psalms Is Muhammad, But The Rabbi's Claim It Is Solomon's Lover. Neither Abraham The Friend Of God Or King And Prophet Solomon, Can Have Unwed Relations As They Are Both Great Prophets Of God. Also Missing In Torah, Is The Fact Solomon Was Both King And Prophet, Akin To His Father David.

That’s true. In Biblical Hebrew, ט is not just a “T”. Its a “T” pronounced with your tongue in between your tongue. And ח, it is not a hard “H”. It is the soft “H” with air coming from your vocal cord. The letter ר should just be pronounced as like we normally say the letter “R”. But idk why Modern Hebrew actually made a number of letters having redundant sounds 😢

I think so. There are some changes, such as some words adding matres lectionis to the words to give a hint as to what vowel is in the word, but overall Modern and Biblical Hebrew are similar in orthography. I'd say that Modern Standard Israeli Hebrew is a mix between Ashkenazi and Sephardi Hebrew, with Sephardi Hebrew influencing the vowels more and Ashkenazi Hebrew influencing the consonants more, aside from final Tav, although Eliezer Ben-Yehudah wanted it to be based on entirely Sephardi pronunciation, reality had other plans, and yes many of the new Hebrew speakers had European Ashkenazi accents

In fact, since the establishment of the State of Israel for a long period of time (I do not have accurate information about the origin of the Jewish population today) it had a majority of Jews of Spanish and Mizrahi ("Eastern") origin. The pronunciation of Jews whose mother tongue was Ladino is very different from that of those whose mother tongue was Arabic. Jews of Ashkenazi origin who lived in Israel for generations also spoke with an "oriental" accent. I remember older Ashkenazi Jews from Tsfat, for example, who spoke Yiddish with an Arabic ("eastern") accent...

Do it like maltese?

Huh, they just put a line below the letter to show it doesn't have the dot. Nothing hard, nor fancy.

Sounding* I support writing short vowels and to diversify the sounds. It will help both native and foreign speakers

You use Arabic alphabet it is a Semitic language just like Hebrew

@@sisjnwjwk7832Persian is info European it’s closer to English then Hebrew

@@abdimalikelmi729 the alphabet is Arabic

You'll get used to that. The good thing is that all of the problems discussed in this video do not apply to Biblical Hebrew. The pronunciation differences are still in tact, and niqqud are regularly written. Everything about the alphabet made sense in ancient times, it got fucked up during its revitalization.

@@suranumitu7734What you are saying is true, and I very much agree with your statements, but why is your profile picture of Alleister Crowley?

@@BSBYLYHWH If you look closely, you'll see that it's not actually Aleister Crowley, but grumpy cat.

No wonder I can't spell in Hebrew even though I try.

​@@antoniacanaris6866dont worry many isreali cant

If those beautitful pharyngeals and emphatics were pronounced as they used to be, a lot (if not most) of all this mess would've been nonexistent. And, in my own and private opinion, Hebrew language with those phonemes just sounds WAY better to my ears

Как ты пишешь с огласовками? На твоей клавиатуре они есть?

​@@Vitovt69 quite easily - I use Linux with lyx layout. And it is easy to remember for example קמץ on ק and חולם at ו - so when I press shift - instead of capital letter it types ניקוד. on windows 10 there should be a new layout for new standard quite similar to lyx - but not sure how to enable one (not using windows for a long time) שָלוֹם

Now that's cool! If you're an Israeli Jew, then it makes it even cooler

@@janboreczek3045 it's fun, gives many word a taste.

Don’t quote me on this, but I think at some point in the past one of them was either a “th” or similar to the Arabic ط. Either way, today, in modern Hebrew, ת and ט make the exact same sound.

In modern standard Israeli Hebrew they make the same sound. In Ancient Hebrew, it is thought that תּ with a dot in the middle (called a dagesh) made the normal T sound [t], ת without a dagesh made the Th sound in think [θ], and ט made a pharyngealised T sound like the Arabic ط [tˁ].

​@@lardgedarkrooster6371keep in mind that regional variation and pronunciation shifts were a thing even in biblical times. there's literally a biblical story about it, "shibboleth".

Salam, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. Hebrew Alphabet Is Derived From Aramaic, Turned Into Squarer Shapes, Akin To Japanese Kanji And Korean Hangul, From Chinese, A Mere 1,500 Years Ago, At The Period Of Prophet Muhammad. The Language Contains Arabic, Aramaic, Persian, Phoenician & Yiddish. The Rabbi's Claim It Is The Oldest Language, But Why Is Arabic In Most Language's Instead Of Hebrew ?

Some speakers still pronounce them in the original way

Once you learn them it’s fascinating how quickly you can do without them. That said, I will note that without question, Israelis and the government regularly use diacritics/nikkud when writing out new or uncommon words. Also, you get pretty good a guessing what is likely to follow since Hebrew is a largely standardized language with emphasis on 2nd or 3rd syllables and consistency with plurals and reflexive sounds. You can learn how to say one word and then apply that to many others and usually be right

Nah man, since you're an English speaker I don't think you get it. I speak Urdu for which the writing system is like Arabic, no vowels written. Since I'm fluent in it, I just read it with problems, but a non native cannot read it. I also speak Japanese, when I was younger I always thought the characters are stupid and the "furigana" or how to read the characters should be present next to all the kanji, until I actually learnt them and now don't care about furigana. Heck, Japanese doesn't even use spaces. It's like telling an English speaker to stop using the weird and historical spellings and just write the words the way they are pronounced. Suddenly doesn't work does it?

@@amj.composer I see what you saying, and I don't disagree with a majority of your post. the problem is your last line. It's not like adding Nikkud would be up and redoing the full spelling system, only keeping the training wheels. Getting rid of the weird and historical spelling of English would not only require a full spelling reform, it would also require everyone to relearn how to read and write (there are a ton of great videos that explain this better than I). That is comparing apples to dynamite. Both are objects, but one would be an inconvenience and a preference, whereas the other could blow up in your face. I would love it If English used the Diacritics that were used to teach me how to read because I have an extremely hard time with reading and writing because of dyslexia. This is my fault for not adding context to my post and just writing out my original comment when I wasn't fully awake. It would be really nice if more books offered reading aids to those who would like to read the text but also offered help for those who have issues with reading. Again not your fault I screwed up with my original comment or anyone's fault I'm slow as hell to think.

@@Avatarfan10000 Oh no, not your fault at all, and I actually definitely agree with you since you have provided context. On a slightly similar but maybe perhaps unrelated note with Urdu, I WISH more at least beginner to intermediate books had the pronunciation marks. Would've helped my Urdu journey immensely. (Context: Native Hindi Speaker who learnt Urdu by self-study and reading Novels/Poetry)

Persian has similar problems as Hebrew. For example, two types of T in Arabic are pronounced the same in Persian. I know all these "duplicated" letters only exist in loan words from Arabic, but Persian has a lot of them (as many as 40%). Persian would probably be better written with a Latin or Cyrillic alphabet (like in Tajikistan)

@@tFighterPilot two Ts, three Ss, four Zs, plus the whole U/V and I/Y dilemma, yeah. No comment as to whether or not it would be better off with latin or cyrillic, but personally I like keeping the arabic script, purely for the sake of calligraphy and artistic purposes.

To @ajrollo1437 Are not a great many speakers of Ladino simply using the Latin alphabet nowadays?

@@RCSVirginia Yes, when Turkey switched to the Latin alphabet in the 1920's or whenever it was, the Ladino community in Turkey also switched to Latin. As it was the largest community and had a bigger output of published material, that became the de-facto standard. But the Rashi script was still used for ~500 years, and there is more extant material in that script than in Latin!

@@ajrollo1437 As Ladino is derived from medieval Spanish--in fact, one can get the gist of it by simply knowing a little Spanish--it makes sense to use a Latin script for it. Semitic languages are not ones that I speak, but I have read that they are better suited for abjads due to the structure of their words than Aryan languages are. That may or may not be true. Turks have told me that the Arabic abjad was not well suited for Turkish and that the change in the writing system was a major improvement. On the other hand, some have told me that the old Court Osmanli was a beautiful tongue and that its calligraphy was gorgeous. So, I guess that there is always a loss and a gain. It does seem to me that it would be a good idea for Ladino organizations to translate documents in the old Rashi writing into Latin letters to give modern people better access to them.

can we talk about ל/ף/ץ and ב/ך and ח/ת and ה/ק though?

That probably why it's used for signs a lot, for aesthetic porposes

Salam, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. Hebrew Alphabet Is Derived From Aramaic, Turned Into Squarer Shapes, Akin To Japanese Kanji And Korean Hangul, From Chinese, A Mere 1,500 Years Ago, At The Period Of Prophet Muhammad. The Language Contains Arabic, Aramaic, Persian, Phoenician & Yiddish. The Rabbi's Claim It Is The Oldest Language, But Why Is Arabic In Most Language's Instead Of Hebrew ?

I’m happy someone thought of this too ahah

Salam, Shlomo, Shalom, Peace. Hebrew Alphabet Is Derived From Aramaic, Turned Into Squarer Shapes, Akin To Japanese Kanji And Korean Hangul, From Chinese, A Mere 1,500 Years Ago, At The Period Of Prophet Muhammad. The Language Contains Arabic, Aramaic, Persian, Phoenician & Yiddish. The Rabbi's Claim It Is The Oldest Language, But Why Is Arabic In Most Language's Instead Of Hebrew ?

Oh. I forgot my conclusion: So the only "benefit" of not fixing the spelling is that it makes it marginally easier for scholars to decipher old texts, at the cost of having a harder time figuring out the pronunciation and having to learn more historical pronunciation rules etc. While if we throughout history had consistently spelled everything phonetically knowing the historical pronunciation would be easy and understanding old words would be marginally harder (though not much really, because we would be less likely to assume the modern meaning of a word if it's not looking identical anymore)

Looked it up is Canadian Syllabic for native languages, also the bottom one was Korean (hangol), leaving in case anyone has the same question.

I most often see these letters on road signs for Arab towns.

@@Mfhollander2 Literally, the name of THE biggest city on the land - Gaza, starts with ע' غ.

​@@user-nn8cw6nv6gin Hebrew it starts with ע

צודק במאה אחוז - כשאתה לומד את זה מגיל אפס אז בטח שזה לא בעיה. אני פשוט אוהב להתלונן על דברים שאני לא רואה בהם הגיון, ובהשוואה להמון שפות אחרות שלמדתי, אצל עברית ההגיון הוא די.. רופף.

@@imshawngetoffmylawn נכון מאוד (חחח)

כמי שעברית היא שפת האם שלה אני מרגישה לגמרי בנוח עם שיטת הכתיבה שלה. כשאני למדתי קרוא וכתוב (מזמן...) עדיין הרבה אנשים דיברו במבטא "נכון". האחדת הכיתוב בהתאמה למבטא של ה"עברית המודרנית" (כפי שמבטאים רוב ילידי ישראל) יגרום לאיבוד המשמעות המקורית של המילים. להתלונן על כך שיש אותיות "דפוס" ואותיות "כתב" עוד יותר מוזר. הרי זה קיים גם בשפות אחרות. האותיות הסופיות הן הצורה המקורית של האות. כאשר כותבים בעט (בניגוד לחציבה בסלע למשל) צורתן משתנה בתחילת/אמצע המילה באופן "טבעי" עם תנועת היד הכותבת. יש עוד שפות שנכתבות בשיטה דומה לעברית. למשל שפות ברבריות. גם הם מרוצים מהכתב שלהם וחושבים שהוא מתאים לשפה המדוברת. גם לפני 2000 שנה ויותר היו בארץ ישראל מבטאים שונים שחלקם נחשבו לא נכונים. מי שדיבר במבטא כזה לא הורשה לקרוא בתורה בציבור (אלא אם כן הוכיח שיודע לבטא "נכון" את המילים). שיטת הניקוד שנבחרה (מבין כמה שיטות שהתקיימו במקביל) היא הטבריינית שמתאימה להגייה הטבריינית שנחשבה לנכונה. הניקוד הומצא כאשר שפת הדיבור השתנתה ופחות אנשים דיברו עברית בחיי היומיום על מנת לשמר את ההגייה הנכונה של המילים ועל ידי כך את המשמעות המקורית. להתלונן באנגלית שהיא שפה המורכבת מערבוביה של שפות הנכתבות בהתאם לכללים השונים של כל שפה ושהאיות שלהן נקבע עוד לפני שהתגבשה השפה האנגלית המודרנית, על שפה שהכתב שלה התקבע הרבה יותר מוקדם והתאים לשפה הסדורה כפי שנהגתה נראה לי תמוה. גם הדקדוק האנגלי לא בדיוק "סדור". למי שמתקשה בכתיבה בעברית אני ממליצה לקרוא כמה שיותר. בסופו של דבר כולם לומדים לכתוב נכון

as a native speaker of both hebrew and brazilian portuguese, i can assure you that portuguese orthography is much easier. besides /s/ (s/c/sc/x/xc/ç) and /ʃ/ (x/ch) i think it's pretty straight forward

Bro אם is if and עם is with so they always appear at different places in a sentence

@@billiusjames6403 People confuse them regardless because they're so similar

אם = if עם = with There are also thèse meanings

greek was the international language following alexander, but aramaic was the language used in judea, samaria and galilee. hebrew never totally died. it survived as a liturgical language. many of the languages diaspora jews spoke following the destruction of jerusalem were pidgin languages with hebrew, and written in hebrew's "assyrian" script. it's actually not that hard to learn, and a lot of the difficulty (as with english) comes from regional variation in pronunciation affecting spelling changes, and the system of NON implied vowels, matres lectionis, coopting consonants and giving them a second (or third or fourth) pronunciation.