Just returned from a visit to Egypt, including a climb inside the Great Pyramid to the King's chamber. An experience of a lifetime. Normally, I suffer a bit from claustrophobia, but I didn't let that hold me back in this case. I could have spent hours there absorbing the many mysteries of this beautiful edifice Stunning, actually. Utterly amazing.

Finally, some real investigation on these very important elements. It's hard to believe that the portcullis hasn't received greater attention. Very much looking forward to your proposed episode on this. Great channel. No nonsense and an overruling rationality in your conclusions. Thanks!

Just stumbled upon your videos a few days ago. Never spend a single thought on Egyptology. Now I just can’t get enough of it. Please continue making these videos

Your vids and conclusions are of an excellent standard. I have 2 hypotheses: 1 That the grand King's passage way was used to rope-lift the huge granite blocks by using baskets filled with sand as counterweights to enable lifting of the huge blocks, and the smaller limestone blocks too. Thick ropes and thick cedar wood round trunks to act as rollers, would bear the weight. This would explain why the ceiling of the King's passage way is so inexplicably high. 2 The small square passage ways leading to the outside of the pyramid were sighting passages used by the pyramid's engineers during construction to ensure that each level of blocks laid were exactly level on at least the two sides of the pyramid. It would be disastrous to lay a level of blocks only to find that one side was 5 centimetres higher than the other side! The way it worked was that a container filled with water was placed in an exact position in the King's chamber so that it could be viewed by observers down the two passage ways. A light was shone down passage way A, and it's reflection from the perfectly flat water surface in the container observed at passage way B. Simultaneously with viewing the water reflection, the B observers would also observe the same shone light across the flat, empty surface of the block level they were on. All the angles of the resulting triangle would be measured. This would be repeated with A becoming B. It would then be basic trigonometry to determine the length of all the sides of the triangle. If one side was longer than it should be, then that side was too high in comparison with the other side. Adjustments to the height of the blocks to be laid on the new level could then be made to offset the discrepancy before laying them.

I always wondered, where were the portcullis stones. Your research makes good sense and I agree that the stones need to be recovered, documented, conserved, and even reconstructed if possible. Thanks for the excellent and thought provoking video.

I was in Egypt in the early '60's and in the Great Pyramid a number of times. The loose stone fragment referenced in the King's Chamber was still present, and had been pushed up against the close wall at the long end of sarcophagus (believe that would be the north wall). While out of place it appeared to have been intentionally placed to block the access to the "free" block in the wall. The floor penetrations were covered but still accessible. The (other) stones from the floor penetrations had long been removed from the pyramid, as had the lid to the sarcophagus. The guides had no stories to justify the existence or placement of the fragment. The fragment was the same red granite as the chamber and the exposed surfaces did not match the finish of either the walls or floor. The fragment was oddly and heavily damaged, with substantial portions having been chiseled away; while what remained was still large enough to be unmovable, it was obvious it had always been smaller than the stones in the wall, and it did not apparently fit the area of the two missing stones from the floor penetrations.

I think the ‘well shaft’ and grotto are a really interesting and often passed over aspect of the pyramid. The digging of that shaft by hand is an absolutely staggering feat of work. Plus, the people digging it knew exactly where the shaft was heading too, that’s amazing in itself. It’s not by accident that it runs exactly down to the descending passage. And I believe it MUST have been built from the top digging downward, because to start at the bottom and swing hammers upward for the length of that shaft would be basically an impossible task. Just think how quickly even the fittest man would tire out swinging hammers upwards in the dark, or blindfolded to save their eyes from the millions of stone chips? You’d need a fairly large group of Olympians each taking over from each other every five minutes. Definitely top down! Great channel by the way. 👍🇬🇧

I am so glad and honored to be subscribed to this channel. I love your word usage and logical breakdown of the facts. Thank you. Well done.

Excellent factual video and my shared opinions of exposing this information publicly and leaving ancient ruins as they are found, and not corrupting them with misleading reconstructive contaminating influences. Keep up the great work ! Peace & Love ❤️

Great presentation. I appreciate your focus on the less than published {or noticed} aspects. I would love to see your views on both the Dixon relics and the Giza foundation platforms. Keep up the fantastic work no matter where you aim next.

Your channel is amazing. In it, you talk about details that always go unnoticed, even for those of us who have been fond of Egypt and its history for years. Thank you for directing my attention to them.

😀 Amazing! In all my years of researching Giza plateau pyramids, i’d never come across 3 of the items in this video. Excellent job. Thanks very much for adding to my knowledge 😀

I have always wondered why, with all the discussions about how "brilliant" the finished pyramids were, why haven't they re-polished one side of one of the remaining limestone casing blocks to end the discussions. I was so pleased when I heard that hawass was no longer "in charge" of the ongoing research in Egypt. He did more harm than good in my view.

This is the 2nd video of yours I have watched today, and as an avid fan of the pyramids and Egyptian antiquity I love your work. You got a like and also my sub

Love your meticulous research and insights! Keep up the great work, looking forward to your next video!

Wow! Thank you for such an insightful and articulate investigation! I rarely subscribe to a new channels, especially after viewing just one video. Well done, I look forward to watching more of your content.

I completely agree that the pyramid should be preserved to keep it’s historical significance. Good video and keep them coming. Well done!

Dear Sir, thank you so much for your work! Actual intelligent research, done remotely is extremely difficult and has immensely impressed me. I have been binge watching your episodes and it is some of the best content I have ever seen on UKposts . Ever since the tragic death of Nick Barksdale of The Study of Antiquity and The Middle Ages I have been searching for a suitably intelligent channel to replace his brilliant work. Thank you for providing me with the historical content which I crave! Friendly greetings from Central Tilba, NSW Australia!

enjoyed vert much that you didnt put a spin on the granite but was honest to the core we need more like you !

My favorite part of these videos is the rather barbed digs at Zahi Abass Hawass 😂. The content is incredible and I thank you for it, but the Hawass poking is just too glorious.

Thought-provoking content expertly presented. Another great video, please keep it up

That’s amazing, I had no idea the Portcullis slabs still existed! They should be in the museum and even make a replica to demonstrate how clever they were!

Fantastic research. Been looking for years for some of the photos you have used in your videos. Good finds.

You are performing a great service to humanity by producing these videos. Thank you.

Excellent video and analysis, thank you! Curious about what you think about the way the boreholes are done in granite. I hope you find it interesting as a topic for an upcoming video.

@02:06 I recall reading somewhere the block you're asking about was the original stone that blocked the current entry way to the Kings chamber. As far as I know know of no one knows what happened to it. GOOD WORK👌☀️

Thanks for being so grounded in reality and not succumbing to conspiracy theorists explanations of what's being observed 😊

This presentation's narrative content articulate well paced delivery and closely tracked illustrations is an edifying pleasure to climb to the top of.

Thank you from all us Armchair Egyptologists . Just came across the channel and so far love it. One criticism: the vids are so well done their relatively short length does not allow, imo, the viewer to fully engage. I agree with you that small items, overlooked, are really all we have left to work from. And yes, I also agree that the tag team of Hawass and Learner has overlooked more that it has discovered, apart from millions of fish scales. Sadly, and especially with the usual suspects back in charge, the Ministry of Antiquities seems more concerned with filling the New museum rather than investigating what they have It's an embarrassment of riches.

Amazing job with this video. There has to be more old texts about the pyramids out there. The mysteries and opinions about these monuments must have been rigorously documented for at least 4 centuries.

I stumbled my way to your channel. I subscribed and like every video that I have been binge watching. Thank for your time and effort you put into them.

Your channel is the best thing I have come across as a fair, rational and detailed source of information regarding the great pyramids

Question: if those holes in the granite plugs were for ropes, for lifting, then it should be safe to assume we have evidence of rigging points in the structure above. There would be a series of pulley blocks and probably a change of direction or two, so there should be evidence of bull rings or their mounting points left within the structure above. Is there any evidence of this? Forgive the terminology. The rigging part I understand due to the nature of my work, but everything to me is just a “granite plug”. Great video

Brilliant. I would love it if the Egyptian experts saw this video of yours and thought about how they might learn from the insights of those who saved the granite fragments for future investigators to unravel. If they could do the same, wherever they are working, the process of truly unravelling the past can be handed down form generation to generation. Patching up is not the real task; saving clues is what counts.

Always delightful to have some meaningful insight, and logical connections between features that are just sitting there in plain sight and add to common sense understanding of the great pyramid.

Very well narrated documentary with clear and precise explanations. I think you will get close to understanding the purpose of these constructions using this kind of logic and taking nothing for granted.

Would like to see discussion of why the floor of the King's Chamber is such a mess, why it seems unfinished and why it's on a crazy tilt.

I enjoyed the information you gave about the pyramid and some of its functions.. I believe that history needs more open minded people as yourself to keep the thought and imagination of the future youths engaged. Thank you again and I would love to hear more about the what was, the what could have been and the truth… well done my friend… well done

Thanks for the great information, great imagery, and the reasonable explanations ! I watched all the videos and you got my sub

the professionalism of the best kind.

Khufu's portcullis deserves more recognition. It's a significant chunk of technology and a close forensic analysis may shed light on the technolgical capabilities of the Old Kingdom Egypians: if they could do X then they were capable of Y. Tomb robbers are indifaticable to a point. They never lift a finger beyond achieving their goal. If they had to shatter the portcullis slabs then so be it, but where are the rest of the fragments? Surely they were not all reduced to souvenir size.

Excellent video. Continue with your thought-provoking and informative content and your channel will surely grow.

I really like the way you explain these things. I`ve always wondered about the missing stones and how they were moved. Until I found your channel I did not know about some of these tunnels and shafts, who dug them and why. Thanks for the info!

I watched a few of your videos today and they were very interesting. Thanks for sharing!

I am incredibly impressed! Your knowledge and delivery is absolutely fantastic!

I can't believe certain blocks have been removed or moved from the main chamber etc, especially as there seems to be no clarity as to where they have been moved to. I think that when these things happen and are not documented properly or openly, then this creates a knowledge vacum that allows dubious ideas from 'alternive historians' to take hold. When we see things like this happening it's very easy to come to the conclusion that things are stage managed to give a certain agendad modern view of history.

Amazing research, very enjoyable, also satisfying to watch a video where you have come to very logical conclusions about a previous mystery.

I'm so happy you created this channel. Very well prepared video.

A huge fan of your perspective on this subject. I have always questioned the narrative, because it always felt incomplete. But I never felt like it was aliens! So thank you for a down to earth examination.

Would be very interested in your opinions on the unfinished obelisk in aswan. The tool marks and the undercutting of the obelisk itself specifically. Thanks.

Fascinating, very interesting. Well done. Kepp up the great work. I want to see more. Thank you.

Thank you for the Maragioglio and Rinaldi's Tavole.

I haven't really heard anyone talk about the port caulis area in the great pyramid so I would be interested to watch a vid on that if you make one. These granite pieces were probably part of much larger plugs, but the drill holes don't look like they go all the way through the stone so they could not be used to put rope through. They are a bit of a mystery.

Q: Why do they call the two upper chambers the King's and Queen's chambers? Aren't there three smaller Queen's Pyramids outside? The answer is the ceiling on each of these two chambers. They are named due to the tents Kings and Queens used. You see, queens did not have an upper flat sheet of cloth across their tent. Kings did. So when entering these two chambers, the people experiencing them first hand named them based upon the interior of royal tents that were used at the time. So? Why are there two upper chambers and a lower chamber to place the pharaoh for his final resting? The answer lies in the ancient Egyptian Religion and their belief in the transition into the afterlife and the Ba Bird. The subterranean chamber was discarded as the underground water table flowing in the direction of the Nile, kept filling it with water, making it unusable for the Pharaoh. BUT, it turned out to be a great way to gain access to fresh cool water without carrying it from the polluted Nile River. Thus they added a well to the bottom of this chamber and then made a corridor up and down through the bedrock until it they met, allowing them to use an animal bladder to hoist fresh cool water to the pyramid builders to quench their thirst. BTW, you are spot-on with your analysis of the pyramids and how they were built.

This channel is pure gold ! Congratulations!!

Mindblowing investigation! Thank you so much for this!

That's great. Thanks for the awesome vids. Curious Being had an interesting one about the Osiris(i believe) Shafts where i noted the anchor holes drilled down one inside face of the shafts. They are large, numerous and regularly spaced. If modern rails/tracks were bolted into the holes it would have a capacity of several tons. Even if made of bronze. It made me curious a) as to the purpose, and b) wether there would be any metallurgical remnants, residues, or marks remaining to provide more insight. Ideally a broken wedge anchor bolt left in a hole... Cheers!!

Thank you for this and all other extremely profound videos. Can you make a video on the Cheops pyramid northeast corner at mid height elevation? There is a opening which gives clues to a internal spiral construction. Greetings and keep up the extraordinary work.

Thank you so much for your work on the topics you present so studiously. There are so many things to discuss, with the 'lost knowledge'. Reinventing the wheel reminds me of how insignificant my personal contribution has been. Even to encapsulate the enormity of what lay before us leaves me in awe. I do wish you more power to your elbow' and hope to follow your findings as I do with many of the presentations that are available in this medium, Best wishes to all.

This channel is very even-handed in its approach. Good stuff.

Mate... seriously great vids on this subject. It's the kind of fair dinkum, factual information that a video on the Giza Plateau and the Great Pyramid needs. I have been interested in the Pyramids since I was a kid in primary school ( I'm now 66yo) and whilst having a degree in both Fine Arts and Art History, I have never had comfortable conclusions regarding the Great Pyramid. Always finding more questions than answers lol. You have certainly given me pause for thought on a number of questions that I have always had, and for that, I thank you very much. Seriously, good luck with this channel, and I shall be looking forward to your next vid. Kind regards.

Nice job. That was very interesting to contrast different time periods like that. Are you curious why it does not have any wall paintings extoling the Pharaoh and that a group removed the soot or what looked like it that was originally there?

Never heard of this before. Fascinating. Keep it up.

I’m loving your videos! Currently binging your channel, and a friend is using one when she teaches a unit on Egypt in the fall. If you ever have the time I would really enjoy a few videos going over foundational aspects of the pyramids/Egyptian history

I remember many years ago seeing photos of the gap in the Kings chamber, far right corner. It had been set with many metal bars & a much larger gap than shown in this video. It was stated by some that a corridor was behind, stating it was known there was this corridor & a broken chair was once found behind? With the blocks being granite & that itself being a connection to the Kings chamber, makes me wonder if they were the original stones from that far right corner. New stones now replace the originals, that had been drilled to receive the metal bars. Also, why would the holes in the blocks line up with vertical grooves cut to receive a sliding block?

Interesting, with these newer videos, I can detect a reduction in the slope of the great pyramid, looks like the original slope of the base breaks at a distinct horizontal band around the 35th course, as well as a change in block size. Is there a material transition at this point from granite to smaller limestone blocks?

Been looking for something specific to granite. Instantly liked and subscribed.

Unbelievable good work. I was amazed by it. The second time already, thanks Granite!👍

Very interested in the portcullis antechamber. Like how did it operate, what was it for, who was the first to open it, why was it destroyed?

Great information, thank you! I hope some day we can understand how the tubes were made. Just because we don't understand the method does not mean it was exotic or "alien". If we could bring a cell phone back to the 1700's it would be "magic". Endlessly fascinating for sure.

I LEARN SOMETHING NEW EVERYTIME I WATCH THESE VIDEOS, THANK YOU FOR TAKING ME THERE.🙃

Another great video If you are interested I have done a series of experiments with dynastic era tools and materials to drill, cut, polish granite. I can give cutting rates and time per square foot. Those tools work really well. Scientists Against Myths channel also has a great channel. Their team has used flint tools for carving and have also made stone vases. They inspired me and have taken the work the work of Denys Stocks further. For instance they discovered the proper way to use the Egyptian flywheel drill to dramatically increase efficiency.

I was in Cairo 3 times in the early 90s. It was like any dirty street huckster was who you slipped a few $ to, to allow you inside. Most unprofessional, un informative thing I’ve ever experienced. What little information that was gleaned, was totally false of course. Thank you for the insightful and excellent videos.

I'm really happy for the growth of your channel, you absolutely deserve it! I had to struggle for so long for my channel to reach 4k subs, but now things are growing nicely! Keep up the good work, greetings from Belgrade, Serbia!

Very much interested in this future video should you produce it. Always been curious about how those portcullis would actually have worked.

I was getting bored out of my scull until 'portcullis' was mentioned and partially shown. This is an item I've never heard mentioned before, and this whole video didn't make any sense whatsoever up until that was mentioned, but then it suddenly started to be interesting and make sense. I'd love to see a video specifically about that feature, which I still don't quite understand, but more importantly, have never heard about before. And btw, with the thousands of videos about the pyramids, I wonder why that feature is never pointed out or explained. So for once I learned something new, except I didn't, because here it was more like a footnote of little importance. Too bad, I feel cheated...

The granite fragments could be the remains of blocking stones, partially destroyed and left in situ for convenience. Would be a sensible explanation; whether it has merit or not is open to debate.

Those grooves are awesome! Great video

Forgot to say. Great job. I am always amazed what you can figure out from your research.. Thanks.

Some questions that might inspire you for future videos. Was there a sarcophagus in the Queen's chamber? Does the sarcophagus in the king's chamber move or is it built in to floor? Any opinions if there is a secret door in king's chamber wall? Your opinions on the voids? Why the doors in some of the shafts? What is the writing on the doors and behind the doors? Was the pyramid actually smaller and they expanded it? What is your opinion on the over construction on the relieving chambers? Does the Osiris shaft have anything to do with Khufu? What is the purpose of the grotto? Your reasons for or against if the pyramid was built by Khufu. When was it first looted or was there really nothing inside it? Was there writing on the Queen's chamber ceiling? Why was the underground chamber not finished? Why the small shaft in the underground chamber? Was the queen chamber floor originally granite? What are your thoughts about quarts sand found when holes where drilled next to Queen's chamber? Was a 8 sided pyramid intentional or a construction coincidence? Opinion on the thieves tunnel? Are there any ALT theories about the Great Pyramid you like or dislike? I can go on and on but if maybe this will help with some inspiration for future vids. Sick of all the power plant theories. So I'm personally more interested in the facts and some speculating. Last one. Anything you think egyptologist overlook about the pyramid or might be wrong about?

Enjoyed watching this. The holes to me suggest they were machined using a core drill and not done by hand ; The stones look like they could have been used as counter weights for opening and closing ; I have always been intrigued by the pyramids. To me they were a working machine, harmonically in tune with Mother Earth, as well as a celestial tool. Thanks for the video.

Loving your channel. Thanks for sharing

Excellent production. Deductions on target. Thanks 😊

Is it know whats underneath the king's chambers floor? I've visited the great pyramid last week and Luxor and just like in Luxor some of the floors where fake/blocked with the same time of floor as the king's chambers. Now seeing your pictures it even makes more sense there's something down there..

Still convinced the ancient Egyptian's didn't build the pyramids. That helpful scroll that suddenly turned up in an obscure cave hasn't convinced me either.

Thanks so much. What a great educational collection of Video clips you show. Well done indeed.

Looking forward to your video on the portcullis and how it functioned

The politics surrounding the great pyramids are one of the biggest insults to human intelligence on this planet. The beurocracy disgusts me. And I'm not an educated person 😂 xx

Great work. Very thought provoking content.

Great new work, please continue.

Love your work. Thank you!

I'm pleased to see that most of the old Egyptologist were Italians (as myself) or of Italian origin...If you have a knack for ancient Egypt a visit to Turin Egizio museum is a must.

What you said at the end about a lesson in humidity. I totally agree.

"We must be cautious about our presumptions" ........thank you for that. I only wish other channels on this topic would follow your advice.....

You run a nice channel. Just facts and reality. Well researched. No goofy speculations. 👍

I’m sure that there are many things that may be discovered by investigating the rubble around the pyramids I love your videos and all of your insights I’ve been hooked on Egypt for a long time and it’s like you are opening my eyes for the first time. Keep it up.

Incredibly insightful information. Well done

I agree completely with your statement about humbly preserving what's there today instead of making cosmetic changes.

great and helpful research info - thanks - hope to live to see your open understanding - keep on

When I watched the first video you posted, I could have sworn I recognized your voice from somewhere. Listening to the beginning of this, I finally figured out that you sound just like Lock Picking Lawyer. Now that that is out of the way, another thorough and well articulated effort! Cheers and thanks!