What “Machiavellian” really means - Pazit Cahlon and Alex Gendler

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TED-Ed

TED-Ed

5 років тому

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From Shakespeare’s plays to modern TV dramas, the unscrupulous schemer for whom the ends always justify the means has become a familiar character type we love to hate. For centuries, we’ve had a single word to describe such characters: Machiavellian. But is it possible that we’ve been using that word wrong this whole time? Pazit Cahlon and Alex Gendler investigate the origins of the term.
Lesson by Pazit Cahlon and Alex Gendler, directed by TOGETHER.
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КОМЕНТАРІ: 3 400
@TEDEd
@TEDEd 5 років тому
If we've managed to pique your interest you can download an audiobook version of “The Art of War” for free here: www.audible.com/ted-ed And thanks! Every free trial started through this link helps support our nonprofit mission.
@aaronsen6885
@aaronsen6885 5 років тому
As soon as I heard the word ”non-profit” I went to start the free trial. Really recommend it.😀
@kimono38
@kimono38 5 років тому
Little Finger from GOT reading art of war..damn such combination
@moonspawn07
@moonspawn07 5 років тому
00:18 who are the other 2 characters except littlefinger?
@NovemberVenine
@NovemberVenine 5 років тому
I have been getting a few panic attacks and Addison Anderson's voice helps me calm down. So I've been watching Ted Ed videos. Replenishing knowledge is a lovely bonus.
@boulder6578
@boulder6578 5 років тому
papi machiavelli
@firestorm165
@firestorm165 4 роки тому
The quote is actually incomplete. "If you cannot be both it is better to be feared than loved but avoid being hated at all costs"
@lissyemmy
@lissyemmy 4 роки тому
YES! THANK YOU! So many people overlook the absolutely crucial qualifiers in Machiavelli's writing: the "if"s and "but"s and "be ready to"s and "may"s. He's not encouraging sinister behavior, he's simply acknowledging conditions where it might exist.
@firestorm165
@firestorm165 4 роки тому
@@lissyemmy I'm actually writing a book where one of the characters reads Machiavelli religiously, so for it to be believable I'd better know his work pretty damn well myself.
@sunsetkitty2932
@sunsetkitty2932 3 роки тому
Except for those crazy controlling abusive twats who take fear as a form of power over you. They are malicious AF
@firestorm165
@firestorm165 3 роки тому
@@sunsetkitty2932 True. And more often than not those kinds of people end up becoming hated and cause their own downfall (see r/prorevenge for multiple examples) which Machiavelli accurately predicts
@firestorm165
@firestorm165 3 роки тому
@@angelofdeath1896 I don't remember reading that in "The prince". The closest it came to that was "if you must do someone an injury make it quick and decisive so that you never need worry about them again"
@rippingjeans7232
@rippingjeans7232 5 років тому
“Learn the way to hell, in order to flee from it.”
@brokenking5044
@brokenking5044 5 років тому
There are many ways to the kingdom of despair, but only through salvation could you ever hope to leave
@jirogyro650
@jirogyro650 5 років тому
ITS ALL AN ILLUSION YOU CHOICES ARE ALL AN ILLUSION
@saranohmusic57
@saranohmusic57 5 років тому
I googled this and I can't find the original source??
@m.ophielaashton3644
@m.ophielaashton3644 5 років тому
@@jirogyro650 argue that to the electric chair. This passive nihilism is wishful thinking. Yet Modern people no longer want the responsibility of 'choice'.
@jirogyro650
@jirogyro650 5 років тому
Beans i think that you are missing the point
@JonatasAdoM
@JonatasAdoM 3 роки тому
Machiavelli: "It is a warning, not a manual!!" Orwell: "First time?"
@jasonkurtrix357
@jasonkurtrix357 3 роки тому
It otherway around mate.
@EclecticoIconoclasta
@EclecticoIconoclasta 2 роки тому
And Orwell was a democratic socialist. Liberals and right wingers should be aware of that
@fsdds1488
@fsdds1488 2 роки тому
@@EclecticoIconoclasta Oh yes, he participated the Spainish civil war on the liberals side, he said that at the time the group he's in was the best of his life, but when Stalinist advisors showed up, things spirall down badly.
@apersononlineyes6554
@apersononlineyes6554 2 роки тому
@@EclecticoIconoclasta Why does that matter?
@andyc9902
@andyc9902 2 роки тому
Kafka second time? Nitchzte third time?
@benjaminbauer7890
@benjaminbauer7890 2 роки тому
A man who shares his thoughts on how to be manipulative is not manipulative. Hes honest and decent and tries to protect naive people from being absorbed by this cruel world.
@lalinera8279
@lalinera8279 11 місяців тому
You described me 💯
@fonya_thee3026
@fonya_thee3026 8 місяців тому
Trully agree.
@shoenicedeletedvideosx3048
@shoenicedeletedvideosx3048 7 місяців тому
Nice
@ConfuciusZ
@ConfuciusZ 4 місяці тому
Fair. Imo is that Not what the White hat hacker community is based Around
@sevaad
@sevaad 3 місяці тому
You pointed just another delusion. Describing ways of the "dark path" can be a perfect camouflage as well as maintaining the image of the person who "investigated his shadow, understood monster within him, became very self-critical, open-minded, compassionate, sincere and truth-loving through that". These narratives like "i read Jung, Nietscze, Dostoevskiy and, therefore, im better person" is just another 21 century Machiavellian trick to acquire power, reputation, recognition and money. If some guy cries on camera, talks all the time how strangers approach to him on the street with stories of how "he helped them" and publicies details of his family life "oh look how great are we!" then im extremely suspicious of him.
@stargirl3455
@stargirl3455 5 років тому
How to avoid drawing hands
@parseyspartition2790
@parseyspartition2790 5 років тому
I just scrolled down to see if anyone else noticed.
@memetic.trojan.objprime238
@memetic.trojan.objprime238 5 років тому
This is part of a plan for TED-Ed to phase hands from their animations all along!
@ziruiwang4806
@ziruiwang4806 3 роки тому
Beautiful.
@hansellancephilippe4075
@hansellancephilippe4075 3 роки тому
They were so creative, I tell you.
@notbrad4873
@notbrad4873 3 роки тому
Astute observation
@cosminblk8359
@cosminblk8359 5 років тому
Just to clarify: Machiaveli wasn't a bad guy, he just had a realistic vision about power
@nyansama7865
@nyansama7865 5 років тому
Also the reason he wrote all those books was so that the current prince of Florence realise how good of an advisor he was and end his banishment!
@Medietos
@Medietos 5 років тому
anubis. The terrible thing is that his work can be used for bad purposes, and everyone who cares about our species and our survival , should preferably and wisely get together and defend ourselves, asking 5.G to stop until there is evidence for it being all right. Apparently, a new law says that 5G cannot be obliterated by us after its installation, only now, before. EVEN if we become ill from it. So each one of us is called to find out and decide for himself. This is a tremendous critical point with chance for evolving towards our higher destiny. Let us not miss/waste it please. Microvaves can give influenza symptoms like Convideo19..Wuhan apparently got 5G installed just before the outbreak of the flu. The individuals I saw falling to the floor in the underground on a YT-news(?) video, looked more like influenced by microwave attack than by flu. Flu symptoms do not include falling to the ground. Microwaves can be set to disturb the heart's functioning causing sudden falling.
@adrian4973
@adrian4973 5 років тому
Fax
@--_--ph8rf
@--_--ph8rf 4 роки тому
In my opinion he clocked the tea where the tea needed to be clocked and Hadn’t been for centuries. 🐸 ☕️
@fellinuxvi3541
@fellinuxvi3541 4 роки тому
One thing doesn't exclude the other
@aGatezMoss
@aGatezMoss 4 роки тому
“The lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot defend himself from wolves. One must therefore be a fox to recognize traps, and a lion to frighten wolves.” -Machiavelli, fox & lion
@neighandwhinnymchorse2100
@neighandwhinnymchorse2100 3 роки тому
This quote reminds me of the "dicks, pussies, and assholes" speech from Team America World Police
@triniscout
@triniscout 3 роки тому
@@neighandwhinnymchorse2100 no.
@ahandgrenade3640
@ahandgrenade3640 2 роки тому
@@neighandwhinnymchorse2100 what? No i don't wanna know.
@amalrajpr6800
@amalrajpr6800 2 роки тому
Fox and lion😂😂
@pattygould8240
@pattygould8240 2 роки тому
"Sometimes you gotta be a lion so you can be the lamb you really are." Dave Chapelle's Mom
@kaguya-sama5495
@kaguya-sama5495 3 роки тому
'Machiavellian' is still an accurate word to use in that context though. 'Orwellian' doesn't refer to George Orwell's attributes, it refers to his famous work's attributes. Same goes for Machiavelli
@geraldfriend256
@geraldfriend256 2 роки тому
@Adrian Schneider ?
@juicyjuustar121
@juicyjuustar121 2 роки тому
@Adrian Schneider It... Literally does though????
@luigioliva5714
@luigioliva5714 2 роки тому
If Kaguya says it, it must be true. 🤔
@cardboardbox191
@cardboardbox191 Рік тому
I cane ti tge comment section to say say simler we haven't been using the word wrong for that long. Give it awhile and the meaning changes to meet people's perceptions.
@ThighErda
@ThighErda 2 місяці тому
@@luigioliva5714 Bro it's self evident
@paulhan1615
@paulhan1615 5 років тому
"An ideal without the grounds for reality is merely an illusion, a reality without the grounds for ideals is merely an object." Watching this video reminded me of this statement.
@jezrelcarvellida9572
@jezrelcarvellida9572 5 років тому
where did that phrase come from?
@paulhan1615
@paulhan1615 5 років тому
Jezrel Carvellida Actually it came from not-so-well known figure. Name Lyuh Woon Hyung, he was a Korean independence activist during the colonial rule of the Japanese and the man who tried to unify the Korea after it got split north and south. He said this when the conflict seemed to get only worse and division to be getting more and more consolidated. Meaning that idealogies are important yet the reality of a dire need for a unified nation should not also be ignored.
@jezrelcarvellida9572
@jezrelcarvellida9572 5 років тому
@@paulhan1615 thanks sir!
@marcopohl4875
@marcopohl4875 5 років тому
i need to remember that one!
@jameshumphrey9939
@jameshumphrey9939 5 років тому
really? ideals create realities and all is an illusion, a reality without ground cannot exist
@ArtWithSR
@ArtWithSR 5 років тому
“Absolute power does not corrupt absolutely, absolute power attracts the corruptible.”
@MLBlue30
@MLBlue30 4 роки тому
Who says that? Could you elaborate?
@ArtWithSR
@ArtWithSR 4 роки тому
@@MLBlue30 It's a quote from the writer Frank Herbert in his book Dune. For a sci-fi fantasy book written in the 60's it was severely ahead of its time in its plot, philosophies and moral grayness of its characters. Would definitely recommend it for everyone to read.
@Theviewer100
@Theviewer100 4 роки тому
ArtWithSR I’m definitely going to check it out
@narasimhakanduri4074
@narasimhakanduri4074 4 роки тому
@@ArtWithSR a play on a famous aphorism by lord acton
@ericwalker6546
@ericwalker6546 3 роки тому
WOW! And 925 people did a thumbs up!
@ramontavaresdacruz2256
@ramontavaresdacruz2256 3 роки тому
My stepfather gave me The Prince to read when I was around 16, I understood his takes but couldn't see the applications on the real world, after I've grown up and got more into politics I started to see what he meants and how the world works. I firmly believe that Machiavelli influenced to the point where I advocate for change by any means because I know the people in power will use any means to maintain the status quo.
@geraldfriend256
@geraldfriend256 2 роки тому
Yes.That's why it is great reading.A cautionary tale about what those in power are willing to do to keep it. The how to manual for politicians, so that we know their means.
@TheKnowledgeMan101
@TheKnowledgeMan101 2 роки тому
You can still apply Machiavellian ideas into modern politics, such as that leaders should sometimes have to sacrifice their ideals of morality or ideals for the sake of practical effectiveness such as in economics, domestic or foreign affairs. Politicians might need to lie to the public and sacrifice promises for transparency for the sake of national security or to protect your political career so you could help your country more. Politicians might have to raise taxes and go against their beliefs in order to save the economy just like what George H.W Bush did when he raised taxes despite saying "Read my lips; No new taxes" in order to fix the budget deficit that was created by Ronald Reagan. I think the point Machiavelli was trying to make us see that the world we live in is not perfect and all of the bad actions we do today in order to serve the greater good or if its just unrealistic and impossible to achieve perfection and what we want, is the price of dealing with the world as it is, and not how it should be.
@elasticharmony
@elasticharmony Рік тому
But it is not about those on power but only a Prince.
@ThighErda
@ThighErda 2 місяці тому
Honestly when I first read The Prince (I was 15) I got what he meant. I was always into politics so I assume that's why
@MrSmellySmell
@MrSmellySmell 3 роки тому
It is much safer to be feared than loved, but never hated. That last part is left off too often. I'm grateful that high school philosophy teacher assigned The Prince to us to read.
@Agent-ie3uv
@Agent-ie3uv Рік тому
Philosophy in high school,? 😪😭Lol
@Gadget-Walkmen
@Gadget-Walkmen 4 місяці тому
Well said
@cheesecakelasagna
@cheesecakelasagna 5 років тому
This is why knowledge should never be only available to leaders, but also to followers and normal citizens.
@TosiakiS
@TosiakiS 4 роки тому
But you'd probably understand why such knowledge would be hidden from the average person.
@pol610
@pol610 3 роки тому
How would the world turn out if everyone were omniscient.
@ericwalker6546
@ericwalker6546 3 роки тому
That’s the problem can’t get the common man to go to college. Got a million excuses why they don’t go!
@nafis_zaki
@nafis_zaki 3 роки тому
The problem is not in the availability of knowledge but in the proliferation of knowledge. A common person like me wouldn’t care to know how politics work and similarly others wouldn’t care either. Those who do are the true rulers.
@ericwalker6546
@ericwalker6546 3 роки тому
@Cole Alan I went to college and I am a conservative. They don’t want you to educate yourself because I guarantee you all the 1% children are getting college degrees.
@TheLifeFormulaa
@TheLifeFormulaa 5 років тому
The Art of War and The 48 Laws of Power are great books to read regarding power
@sparsh1478
@sparsh1478 5 років тому
How do you apply Art of war in your life?
@Madhattersinjeans
@Madhattersinjeans 5 років тому
@@sparsh1478 Something something marcus aurelius and stoicism.
@MichaelSHartman
@MichaelSHartman 5 років тому
@@sparsh1478 Excellent question. When I first read "The Art of War", the remark that the greatest battle victory is one without injury. Sun Tsu may have meant intimation, but I also took it as diplomacy. Of course, the former can be used in the latter. Mutually Assured Destruction, and disarmament talks can both be interpreted as being under his remark.
@MichaelHarto
@MichaelHarto 5 років тому
Art of war gives you the basic on how to prepare and plan for a battle or war(business or political power struggle). How and what to look for before planning a confrontation and when to engage and/execute your plan. 48 laws of power teaches you on a more relevant and practical level on how to establish your own little empire and how to maintain your authority. I'd recommend you read the prince and then 48 laws of power. You could just skip art of war unless you're totally inexperienced in a confrontation. A more suitable match for the art of war is meditation. It could help you mold your perspective before making any important decision.
@hemsankharoy8221
@hemsankharoy8221 5 років тому
@sparsh kandpal simple. I wanted to get into really good Universities. They required writing essays. I portroyed myself as a victim. I got on . I used ' all warfare is based on deception'( life is war!!) And ' to truely defeat your enemies you must know them. Not just their tactics but their philosophy, habits.....) . I intense researched not about essays nd how to write them but about the people reading the essays themselves. Result: I got in with a fail in 11th grade. It doesn't matter how u use it. Think of the teaching like formula and improvise as you see fit. Knowledge is power coz it is malleable.
@charmainegumarang
@charmainegumarang 2 роки тому
It's funny how yt recommended this to me while there is a presidential candidate here in the Philippines who view Machiavellian as a positive attitude and got praised hagdg
@diamant6022
@diamant6022 2 роки тому
Yep. Filipinos aren't media literate.
@andrewcaacbay8010
@andrewcaacbay8010 2 роки тому
(2)
@margoyahh
@margoyahh 2 роки тому
Same
@sofia-jv5bz
@sofia-jv5bz 2 роки тому
nakakalungkot hakdog, dami na talagang nabibiktima ng fake news
@YY-mk4ti
@YY-mk4ti 2 роки тому
Uhh maybe you should finish watching the video? I can answer some questions if you didn't understand a thing.
@jamy3439
@jamy3439 2 роки тому
April 3, 2022: I'm a filipino and I don't know why UKposts recommended this video at this moment of time. Very timely
@joezero23
@joezero23 2 роки тому
YT Algorithms is the answer. Mine was this and about dictatorship. (I didn't mention a name)
@XSpImmaLion
@XSpImmaLion 5 років тому
Sorry Machiavelli, we apparently learned nothing.
@zihenglao3591
@zihenglao3591 5 років тому
@harold sam well they sound good
@angelic8632002
@angelic8632002 5 років тому
Some of us *did* learn from our mistakes
@PigeonFodder
@PigeonFodder 5 років тому
This might just be my favorite youtube comment ever
@lehotbananfrommicrowavesta8975
@lehotbananfrommicrowavesta8975 5 років тому
Natural selection. Those who can't learn don't deserve any of the spoils.
@itsblitz4437
@itsblitz4437 5 років тому
@@lehotbananfrommicrowavesta8975 those who don't learn from history tend to repeat it.
@-4subscriberswithahammerad521
@-4subscriberswithahammerad521 5 років тому
I’ve never even heard about that word before, but now I’m interested in learning more
@7hi5on35
@7hi5on35 5 років тому
If you are interested in reading more about those who followed in the footsteps of Machiavelli and his school of thought, I'd recommend you read The Machiavellians: Defenders of Freedom.
@azrael5648
@azrael5648 5 років тому
Make sure you do.
@ma1ist
@ma1ist 5 років тому
-4 Subscribers with a hammer addiction You must not listen to much of the classics like Pac
@AKilahVamp
@AKilahVamp 5 років тому
Really? Great book
@lucascavalcantidossantos
@lucascavalcantidossantos 5 років тому
I'd suggest you to read some support articles along with the book. By that I mean other authors talking about it, like you'd get in introductory classes to Political Science. It enables you to understand the book deeply. In any case though, you'd not waste your time
@kga1n
@kga1n 2 роки тому
This came out of my recommendations after the son of the late Filipino dictator Ferdinand Marcos, claiming that he is Machiavellian. He is running for the Presidency this incoming election in May 9.
@saratoga4126
@saratoga4126 Рік тому
In case you're not aware, he won pink BETCH
@milagroswarnholtz2137
@milagroswarnholtz2137 2 роки тому
the animation is so genuine and majestic! an art piece truly, love this videos, keep it up!
@nicolenicole6325
@nicolenicole6325 5 років тому
In Italy studying Macchiavelli is compulsory...He was an amazing man honestly...I suggest reading it
@kristianfagerstrom7011
@kristianfagerstrom7011 5 років тому
I've read it, but I should read more about him.
@nicolenicole6325
@nicolenicole6325 5 років тому
Kristian Fagerström I strongly encourage you to!
@martymitch8375
@martymitch8375 5 років тому
Yes, along with his theatrical production (La mandragola FTW!). Good to see another Italian follow this channel 😍
@beththreat5098
@beththreat5098 4 роки тому
I'm a Filipino that admired and fascinated by Macchiavelli, so much!
@sakurafan771
@sakurafan771 2 роки тому
I bought The Prince.
@jeffcarroll1990shock
@jeffcarroll1990shock 5 років тому
Notice how the character at 2:51 removes his rose tinted glasses.
@ecxstasy347
@ecxstasy347 5 років тому
Jeff Carroll Did you just
@Jojohumf
@Jojohumf 5 років тому
All he did was remove them, am I missing something?
@ecxstasy347
@ecxstasy347 5 років тому
Johnoè 👌
@OrNaurItsKat
@OrNaurItsKat 5 років тому
Don't tell me what to notice, Jeff
@41linestreet
@41linestreet 5 років тому
@@Jojohumf he does this: 👌
@bobbymccullough3210
@bobbymccullough3210 2 роки тому
Machiavelli was certainly not "the first to realize this difficult truth". Han Feizi and Shang Yang were ancient Chinese political philosophers who advocated for many of the same things that Machiavelli did.
@ameytiwari1247
@ameytiwari1247 2 роки тому
Same with Chankya in India Machiavelli might have been first European though
@_jpg
@_jpg Рік тому
Just as Gutenberg wasn't the first to discover printing with movable metallic letters, but only the first European to do so
@mewtwoinchernobyl
@mewtwoinchernobyl 10 місяців тому
but we have issues with chinese words. singaporean me is crying
@thenablade858
@thenablade858 3 місяці тому
He was the first in Christian Europe. This is important to remember since ‘Machiavellian’ politicians in his time portrayed themselves as devout Christians.
@bobbymccullough3210
@bobbymccullough3210 3 місяці тому
@@thenablade858 Though it's worth noting that Machiavelli's treatment of the church in The Prince is rather dismissive. He treats it more like an unfortunate political roadblock rather than something sacred.
@moonbcw9107
@moonbcw9107 2 роки тому
Nice UKposts algorithm, on point! It reminds me of BBM in his SMNI interview😅
@paulramos4037
@paulramos4037 5 років тому
Niccolo Machiavelli was among the first thinkers to apply secular thoughts in studying politics, in line of the Renaissance zeitgeist. Political thought before Machiavelli was dominated by Christian morality: good rulers were virtuous, honest, God-fearing, Christian. Since Machiavelli was a student of history of the Classical Age (and had first-hand experiences in diplomacy, political turmoils and events in Europe), he yearned for the glorious age of the Roman Empire--stability and power. He removed the Christian deux ex machina that "GOD" or miracles had a hand of human history, and replaced it with human agencies. Machiavelli remained Catholic all throughout his life, but he believed that in ruling a nation/state, values and morality were hindrances, if not impractical nor susceptible to political intrigues. Hence, "the end justifies the means."
@MichaelHarto
@MichaelHarto 5 років тому
Even to this day, the majority of people still find this so hard to understand. It's really disappointing.
@prof.pelicanpoop8147
@prof.pelicanpoop8147 5 років тому
Definitely Catholic? Do you have a link to confirm this please? This one detail is so curiously obfuscated by his notorious characterisation in death.
@tjcalihan1953
@tjcalihan1953 5 років тому
One of the listed virtues by Machiavelli was being religious and even noted some historical characters that were not religious and were described as almost nihilistic psychopaths. So Machiavelli was not completely secular. Plus, he also championed religion and myth to creating the rich culture that made great civilizations.
@alexanerose4820
@alexanerose4820 5 років тому
+Paul Ramos It was dominated by Christian morality but I think you fail to understand that the morality was based on who was worthy of God's favor and if they could retain such worth and NOT on this Deus EX Machina of "that "GOD" or miracles had a hand of human history" that you seem to think. As for him removing it... well, you're kinda right but also kinda wrong since the morality he argued disregarding is still based on Christian morals so it was still there.
@brokenking5044
@brokenking5044 5 років тому
Machiavelli became the Ultimate Machiavellian when Machiavelli was cast out the Machiavellian Monarch group, and decided to write Machiavellian as the Ultimate Machiavellian stratedgy against the Machiavellians.
@uniqueusername_
@uniqueusername_ 5 років тому
I love you, TED-Ed. You're a thousand times more interesting than my teachers. Every time they play one of your videos, it's a good period.
@lostpockets2227
@lostpockets2227 5 років тому
thats very sad ur teachers are being paid to show their students UKposts videos... like they *must* know theyre not good teachers.... why else would you play someone else's video to teach for you?
@Madhattersinjeans
@Madhattersinjeans 5 років тому
@@lostpockets2227 They might also use them as a reward for hard work as well. Let's not jump to conclusions from a single sentence.
@XCM666
@XCM666 5 років тому
@@lostpockets2227 Because they are good teachers, who incorporate modern media if it benefits their lessons. I doubt that your average teacher, who has to prepare X lessons every week, has the skills or the time to put together such a concise and well illustrated video, just to spark the pupils interest in a topic. Why wouldn't you use such high-quality material in your classes when it's readily available?
@cavv0667
@cavv0667 5 років тому
@@adriantcullysover4640 ... Trust me, periods are a very good thing; what happens without them is what is bad! XD
@meloworx221
@meloworx221 5 років тому
@@cavv0667 dont tell that to aunt Bessie. She's going through menopause
@graccusbro2061
@graccusbro2061 Рік тому
He basically just told the quiet part loud. Absolute genius.
@akio_1400
@akio_1400 2 роки тому
dang,this was timely recommended #unithieves
@digitalstories2179
@digitalstories2179 Місяць тому
#kakampwet
@hungrymusicwolf
@hungrymusicwolf 5 років тому
This is such an interesting video, I had never thought of The Prince this way.
@jakelappin7969
@jakelappin7969 5 років тому
OneManWolfPack it may also be interpreted as a satire of princely power. His examples in the book are inconsistent with context. For example he describes Moses as a “lawgiver” when the Bible makes it clear he didn’t. Additionally because of his torture by the medicci , it could be an attempt to trick the prince into taking his advice and eventually he deposed.
@MPHJackson7
@MPHJackson7 4 роки тому
Yeah, me neither
@yarik12341
@yarik12341 2 роки тому
have u not read it?
@ionen
@ionen 5 років тому
Littlefinger earned his status.
@moonspawn07
@moonspawn07 5 років тому
@LagiNaLangAko23 It's a sin to kill a mockingbird
@maizen1403
@maizen1403 4 роки тому
CHAOS IS THE LADDAH!
@abhishektiwari7345
@abhishektiwari7345 4 роки тому
i would say this is more apt for varys than littlefinger.
@georgbergsten6050
@georgbergsten6050 3 роки тому
I'd say it describes Tywin the most
@danghoang8457
@danghoang8457 3 роки тому
Varys was much more like machiavelli while Tywin was an ideal machiavellian prince
@khornate01thedestroyerofis11
@khornate01thedestroyerofis11 3 роки тому
i love the sound design for this video, it's one of the best from TEDed
@dpre100
@dpre100 4 роки тому
the artwork is amazing, a pleasure to watch.
@Jomster777
@Jomster777 4 роки тому
"Machiavelli wrote this book to help deter such actions." Machiavelli: *Surprised Pikachu face*
@alexandria5420
@alexandria5420 3 роки тому
@kite man thank you
@coolfer2
@coolfer2 2 роки тому
@kite man He could mean it ironically too? He was stripped of his power by the newly installed ruler of Florence. So he might have some sort of grudge against him. Imagine Machiavelli PUBLICLY telling the ruler of Florence this, "YESS, please do more atrocious behavior for the sake of gaining more power, unite Italy swiftly and brutally, and please ignore the regional differences and minorities, they are in the way of you becoming our MOST GLORIOUS SUPREME LEADER!!".
@sor3999
@sor3999 2 роки тому
@@coolfer2 Doubt it. He wrote it before he was stripped of his title and exiled. The current government at the time gave him a nice position and those seeking to depose it means his own deposition. It does seem he wrote it at the time for the current government to come down harder on rebels lest he lose his own cushy position.
@MichaelHarto
@MichaelHarto 5 років тому
He just stated what needs to be done to achieve and maintain an efficient government. Nothing less nothing more. But the ones that could follow the instructions the most are always on the heavier spectrum of emotional detachment or psychopaths.
@ciceroxnightmother2588
@ciceroxnightmother2588 5 років тому
Michael Harto My thoughts exactly. You can tell someone how to get away with murder, but when they commit, is it really your fault? You didn’t tell them to do that. They made that choice on their own. It sounds to me like people used The Prince as a scapegoat to justify their own actions.
@MichaelHarto
@MichaelHarto 5 років тому
@@ciceroxnightmother2588 partly true, but another part is because some people can't process and differentiate between those contexts.
@ciceroxnightmother2588
@ciceroxnightmother2588 5 років тому
Michael Harto this is true
@mijuajua4820
@mijuajua4820 3 роки тому
Because that is exactly what is needed.
@atroxiv
@atroxiv 2 роки тому
He stated *one way* to maintain an efficient government. I refuse to believe it is the only one.
@HHeyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy
@HHeyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy 2 роки тому
what a timing na nasa recommendation ko 'to lol
@raphaelalexandreyensen6291
@raphaelalexandreyensen6291 3 роки тому
THANK YOU TED-ED this is actually one of the most well-designed pieces on Machiavelli I've seen, although it would be helpful to remind the audience he was careful to have it published after his death because he knew he would be punished if it was published well he was alive, as well as the fact it was written in Italian rather then Latin so more common Italians, could read it rather then locking it to the nobility as an audience.
@abderrezakghozlane4427
@abderrezakghozlane4427 5 років тому
“Any man who tries to be good all the time is bound to come to ruin among the great number who are not good. Hence a prince who wants to keep his authority must learn how not to be good, and use that knowledge, or refrain from using it, as necessity requires.” I think the book can be summarized to this quote ,the world isn't a fair place , you won't be rewarded for being good ,sooner or later someone who's amoral will crush you, hence you should learn their tricks and tactics ,if you don't want to use it at least protect yourself from it.
@elasticharmony
@elasticharmony Рік тому
Being bad is just going against norms, a Prince has freedom of action but limiting it gives him longevity. A few enemies with daggers in the back shows authority.
@Crick1952
@Crick1952 5 років тому
The OG "Facts don't care about your feelings."
@Madhattersinjeans
@Madhattersinjeans 5 років тому
Kinda. But bear in mind the time period Machiavelli lived in was cut-throat. It's probably more suited to corporate activity nowadays. Most governments aren't in the buisiness of starting succession crises and wars with their neighbours. Our world as grown so much closer since his time.
@pixelpeach193
@pixelpeach193 5 років тому
don’t insult machiavelli like that
@dropmelon
@dropmelon 5 років тому
@@pixelpeach193 Would it be an insult if it's true? 🤔
@MichaelHarto
@MichaelHarto 5 років тому
@@Madhattersinjeans nope, only the methods are different, it evolved to become an indirect strategy in political stage. The core of the instructions are still true. Especially the ones about maintaining your power.
@Ragnarockalypse
@Ragnarockalypse 5 років тому
But a ruler must care about the feelings of his subjects, if he wishes to earn and keep their favour. In the words of Jocko Willink who covered The Prince on his podcast: "Take care of your people, and your people will take care of you."
@VeritabIlIti
@VeritabIlIti 2 роки тому
When I studied this in high school, I remember the latter interpretation being the one asserted to me. That is, that the piece is less a manual than an indictment of those in power, a description of the tools and methods already used to be revealed to the populace. I personally remember a slight satirical tone to "The Prince", but its been a while
@royashahab5046
@royashahab5046 2 роки тому
I love learning from you guys . Its always enjoyable and essential. I feel like I didnt learn a thing from school .
@clairenoggle8081
@clairenoggle8081 5 років тому
Wait but I love how the background music was kinda mysterious and suspenseful in the beginning but turned out kinda happy in the end
@smaradav_
@smaradav_ 4 роки тому
It really is something, but I can't find it anywhere...
@newton4098
@newton4098 5 років тому
; "Its better to be feared then loved, IF YOU CANNOT BE BOTH" What doesnt kill you makes you stronger.
@folbfolb
@folbfolb 4 роки тому
let me put two Unrelated quotes that sound somehow related in the same comment and sound pseudo deep
@megane7044
@megane7044 4 роки тому
"Would I rather be feared or loved? Easy. Both ... I want people to be afraid of how much they love me. - Michael Scott" -Me
@kharkovluzhin8333
@kharkovluzhin8333 3 роки тому
_Im pretty sure a car hitting me and breaks my leg doesn't kill me but it makes me weaker instead_
@Medietos
@Medietos 3 роки тому
@@kharkovluzhin8333 A fracture healed is stronger at the fractured place than it was before the injury.
@kharkovluzhin8333
@kharkovluzhin8333 3 роки тому
@@Medietos well if your ankle break it will heal but it would never the same, if your eyes break then it wont even heal, if your skin get cut then it form a scar,etc
@sadeemalqorashi1103
@sadeemalqorashi1103 3 роки тому
Ted-Ed taught me more than what my school ever did. Thanks a lot! My interest in different topics is expanding due to your videos.
@rortwothousandone
@rortwothousandone 2 роки тому
UKposts recommends you this, a coincidence of the term on the description that was recently controversial in Ph Politics.
@naveenraj2008eee
@naveenraj2008eee 5 років тому
Wow.. Ted-ed you are best in explanation whatever topic.... And awesome animation. You have doing noble work educating us..Thanks for your video..
@brokenking5044
@brokenking5044 5 років тому
Machiavelli was ultimate Machiavellian by writing the Machiavellian to expose the Machiavellians, all because Machiavelli was Machiavellianed by the Machiavellians
@t16emperorpacana7
@t16emperorpacana7 5 років тому
I love you Ted-Ed. You always introduce me to new topics and interest me more in topics I already know! Keep up the good work!
@mattakubodimasen10
@mattakubodimasen10 4 роки тому
Lorenzo de Medici was the patronage of Botticelli and Michaelangelo, was what I learnt from my current first Art history class! Always such an amazing feeling to randomly be able to connect things you know!
@justme4361
@justme4361 2 роки тому
I'm here after one of our presidentiables was ask whether he's Machiavellian. I never understood why he said yes. Now I know why. After this, I think I might read the book to better educate myself.
@cue4070
@cue4070 2 роки тому
You better read the book ukposts.info/have/v-deo/eX-JoGaDo5Wlmqc.html
@lysersalvador5022
@lysersalvador5022 2 роки тому
BBM-Sarah ❤
@ohmygirlfan6219
@ohmygirlfan6219 2 роки тому
@@lysersalvador5022 machiavellian has a negative connotation lmao.
@awshnhie2410
@awshnhie2410 2 роки тому
@@lysersalvador5022 haha funny
@exposed231
@exposed231 2 роки тому
❤💚
@anfalabdellaoui725
@anfalabdellaoui725 5 років тому
I got that book 6 months ago "The prince" , never read it .. Guess it's time now .. Thank you Ted-ed for the amazing video
@kristianfagerstrom7011
@kristianfagerstrom7011 5 років тому
Do that. it is short and to the point.
@anfalabdellaoui725
@anfalabdellaoui725 5 років тому
@@kristianfagerstrom7011 I will soon
@MichaelHarto
@MichaelHarto 5 років тому
You should read it slowly, even better if you have the audio book too. If you could understand and apply to your situation, especially if you're a high level management in a company or organization, the first thing you'll realize is that you can now put yourself in a less vulnerable situation. MUCH less.
@anfalabdellaoui725
@anfalabdellaoui725 5 років тому
@@MichaelHarto I don't work in a company, but can I apply it on my daily life ? I mean in my interaction with people ? Would it help me put my self in a stronger situation with people ?
@MichaelHarto
@MichaelHarto 5 років тому
@@anfalabdellaoui725 for everyday life you'd be better prepared by reading the art of war by sun tsu and meditation by marcus aurelius. It can help you mold your perspective and mind to react and plan for everything while still being calm. The prince by niccolo machiavelli and 48 laws of power by robert greene are the perfect combination on how to build your own empire, how to maintain your authority, and how to keep your key figures in line.
@lucascavalcantidossantos
@lucascavalcantidossantos 5 років тому
The innovative thing with Machiavelli is that he was able to separate reality from idealizations. He wrote about power as it is, not as he thought it should be, like nearly all of the political writers of his time. He also writes about it without engaging in moral aspects. Nothing in the book is defended by him as being morally correct, he simply does not talk about it in that particular book because that is not his point. The point is discussing raw power, not morality. I think that is were most lay readers get confused.
@yc3099
@yc3099 3 роки тому
THE best Ted-Ed video I've watched so far. Convincingly breaking up popular but misleading notions of certain historical figures! Keep up the good work. It'd be great if you could do Marie Antionette next.
@potawatomi100
@potawatomi100 3 роки тому
Excellent video, as always. And, expertly narrated.
@Borderose
@Borderose 5 років тому
My take on Machiavellianism can be summed as such: "A Prince must love his people more than his own soul."
@MdSheraj
@MdSheraj 5 років тому
He must love power more. Such a pathetic king can be no good for people.
@lordmegatron4789
@lordmegatron4789 5 років тому
i don't entirely agree with your summation but i like that you're thinking
@Emilia-sn7xw
@Emilia-sn7xw 5 років тому
maybe more like a Prince must love power more than his own soul?
@lordmegatron4789
@lordmegatron4789 5 років тому
@@Emilia-sn7xw that's closer
@lonestarr1490
@lonestarr1490 5 років тому
With "people" you do not only mean those who _are_ but also those to come, right?
@zeeshan_akram
@zeeshan_akram 5 років тому
0:16 That's the biggest schemer Lord Petyr *littlefinger* Bailish.
@alejandrodiazfonseca370
@alejandrodiazfonseca370 5 років тому
omg you're right
@feynstein1004
@feynstein1004 5 років тому
Chaos is a ladder
@amandasunshine2
@amandasunshine2 5 років тому
OK but who's the lady? I see Walter White but idk who she is :/
@neverlandhunter6988
@neverlandhunter6988 5 років тому
@@amandasunshine2 Maybe Isabelle de Merteuil from Dangerous Liaisons? I'm not entirely sure, as the female silhouette is less instantly recognizable.
@premingerscat
@premingerscat 5 місяців тому
The graphics in this video is amazing! I was so drawn to it!
@codyhughes1147
@codyhughes1147 2 роки тому
Ahhh i love this and the way it ended. Ive read "the 48 laws of power" and it screwed with me at first but all in all you learn how things work. Knowing how power works i feel is very important. And fascinating.
@aleksandarvil5718
@aleksandarvil5718 5 років тому
*Tywin Lannister's Personal HowTo*
@VxV631
@VxV631 5 років тому
Oh yeah. Machiavelli is one of the best political philosophers. He's been hilariously misunderstood and had motives attributed to him he doesnt deserve. Mad respect for this guy, especially with just how practical and honest he was. The prince is an assessment and analysis of the mechanics of power. Not a treatise or a manifesto. Great video.
@saramezala202
@saramezala202 2 роки тому
Thank you it's very formative n insightful
@prydainianspy4625
@prydainianspy4625 2 роки тому
I had the opportunity to read this in 9th grade in my school's library. shaped me forever to this day its helped me escape from manipulative people. Highly recommend the read.
@dorothywasrighttho5129
@dorothywasrighttho5129 5 років тому
Managing to do a whole video about Machiavelli, without once quote his most famous citation: "the end justifies the means" and instead bring to light the other aspects of his writing is impressive. While I still think that the word is used right, you are awesome TED-Ed, thank you for your hard work !
@bicyclist2
@bicyclist2 2 роки тому
This was very interesting and educational. Thank you.
@guideyourmind
@guideyourmind Рік тому
Thank you so much for spreading this knowledge :)
@stormysamreen7062
@stormysamreen7062 5 років тому
3:26 There it is, the only reason I watch TedEd, their puns and animations are superb.
@joshuagarcia7025
@joshuagarcia7025 5 років тому
I've read some novels depicting Machiavelli as an individual of cunning manipulation and an advocate of tyranny. I've never would have thought to look at it the way this video portrayed. Thank you so much, Ted-Ed.
@urchinguru9843
@urchinguru9843 4 роки тому
Gosh Ted-ed never fails to give quality content. I already read the book but thanks for letting me see it differently :)
@lizzyjeanne
@lizzyjeanne 2 роки тому
I learned in high school in the 90's that The Prince was a political satire. This is not new. Its just that people think they know what they are talking about when they actually don't. Its driven me crazy the way people have interpreted this work. Satire has always been lost on the uninformed.
@leonfa259
@leonfa259 Рік тому
Power-politics really work that way, satire or not.
@sudanemamimikiki1527
@sudanemamimikiki1527 4 місяці тому
except the idea that its satire is just a theory... an unsupported theory all things considered. "people think they know what they are talking about when they actually dont" indeed.
@starfirenonie
@starfirenonie 5 років тому
This was an amazing video- brilliantly animated and so informative! First time I’ve heard of this concept but the video really brought it to life ❤️ Thanks Ted-Ed
@ajoshipoo
@ajoshipoo 5 років тому
Always end up binge watching TED Ed. Perhaps some addictions are good xD
@Medietos
@Medietos 3 роки тому
Akshat J. No addictions are good. Temperance, moderation, balance is good.The addict /ego within wants us to believe, in order to continue the addiction behaviour. Of course it takes longer to die or get irreversible damage from some addictions rather than others.
@Nuke_Skywalker
@Nuke_Skywalker Рік тому
very good background music. the classical, nice tune overlaid by this dissonance serves the theme of opportunism well
@renzar5016
@renzar5016 4 роки тому
Love TED-Ed as it helps with my degree so much, especially being dyslexic.
@zacharykrawczyk3942
@zacharykrawczyk3942 5 років тому
I actually read "The Prince" about a year ago! It's fascinating to see a pragmatic view on how power operates, and it really helped me to understand power politics as a whole. Perhaps then TED-ED is correct in that it goes both ways. I suggest reading it, if not for the amazing stories of treachery that occurred in his time!
@HimanshuS-YT
@HimanshuS-YT 5 років тому
You forgot to mention the godfather Statesman: Kautilya and his "Arthashastra"! Mark Twain said, "Kautilya's Arthashastra is the 'radical' version of The Prince."
@Luis-mq5ey
@Luis-mq5ey 3 роки тому
@Chitragupta Yeah but europeans based on machiavelli's ideas conquered the whole world, what about chanakya and his influenced thinkers? He might have made the largest empire in india but machiavelli influenced the biggest empire ever made (british) who in fact conquered the whole of india, even bigger than chanakya's indian empire was, you're just being biased about your own region.
@jhonnyrock
@jhonnyrock Рік тому
I could believe that it's supposed to be a critique of Monarchy. It's essentially what CPG grey did with his video: "How to maximize misery" Some people still think he was really trying to teach people how to be miserable when he was actually showing everyone the things to avoid in order to minimize misery
@hardcandy9880
@hardcandy9880 4 роки тому
I love how the music changes from ominous to something brighter.
@showaibzaman400
@showaibzaman400 5 років тому
I never heard the word before but still love to learn as i know ted ed it teach me something interesting.
@showaibzaman400
@showaibzaman400 5 років тому
I have a question do the bot read comment or human? 🤔🤔🤔
@lalaspeaks
@lalaspeaks 5 років тому
Having recently studied "The prince" in school, this video was incredibly interesting and useful
@brancheortiz8804
@brancheortiz8804 3 роки тому
For TED-Ed: You are doing wonders to expand the knowledge of many people. I don't know which video is the best explaining Machiavelli's lessons of power: OSP talking about him as a history-maker or TED-Ed explaining that he was being realistic and teaching the overly ambitious ways of getting power. This video is an open window to the understandings of political sciences and power struggles. Thanks for giving us a new opportunity to learn. P.S.: Does someone know where can I find more reliable information on "the mirrors of princes" or any way I can get to read other "mirrors for princes"? I would appreciate any help.
@kasheire3846
@kasheire3846 2 роки тому
Great insight on something I didn't know about.
@grassgeese3916
@grassgeese3916 2 роки тому
Wow! I never knew this about Machiavelli! We had learned about his "The Prince" in school but my teacher did not go very deep with what the significance was
@meepbeep2464
@meepbeep2464 Рік тому
I did learn about it too at school back in eight grade, the word caught my eye and I decided to do further research on it. It was my "mitochondria is the powehouse of the cell" for history class, I barely remember anything else about the reformation besides this and Henry VIII
@RonAhL
@RonAhL 2 роки тому
this video suddenly popped out while i’m scrolling in youtube, very timely since a politician, someone running for president in my country said he describes himself as a machiavellian.haha
@maragazh9993
@maragazh9993 Рік тому
The music for his one is incredible.
@Leviajohnson
@Leviajohnson 3 роки тому
Loving that dry-mouth vocal fry right in my eardrums. Thanks for that.
@steveishere8808
@steveishere8808 5 років тому
WHERE THE FRICK WAS THIS VIDEO WHEN I WAS DOING AN ASSIGNMENT ON THE PRINCE????!!!! Regardless, good video
@steveishere8808
@steveishere8808 5 років тому
Chandler JR I only learned this picture was anarcho-capitalism a few months after I got it and after that I was just too lazy to change it
@steveishere8808
@steveishere8808 5 років тому
Chandler JR Don’t worry, my ultimate private militia won’t hunt you down...for now
@rubensanchezramirez7028
@rubensanchezramirez7028 3 роки тому
Yes, Machiavelli wrote The Prince ironically. Yes, it has been misinterpreted. But I think the misinterpretation is kind of Machiavelli's fault. Sometimes irony is not a good idea because it's only understood within its context. As the book lived on, the context in which it was conceived was forgotten and so was the irony of its content. If you write something ironically it's only a matter of time that the irony is lost and your word is taken literally.
@sor3999
@sor3999 2 роки тому
Was it ironic? He was a member of the ruling class as a diplomat and advocated for the peace and stability of the status quo in the midst rising of conflict. It seems more an appeal to his government to come down harder on rebels because his own position would be threatened. The video shows he lost his position and exiled when his government was deposed.
@leonfa259
@leonfa259 Рік тому
It's just true, I deal with power politics regularly (as Machiavelli did as diplomat too) and it just reflects reality. I see no irony in the book.
@_jpg
@_jpg 4 місяці тому
​​@sor3999 Machiavelli only wrote the essay *after* losing his position and being exiled from Florence, you seem to be confused 😅 (And he also favoured republics over monarchies, so it probably was ironic)
@denusklausen3685
@denusklausen3685 2 роки тому
Another unmentioned point is that before The Prince, he wrote a similar piece on establishig a democracy and how to maintan it, possibly because at the time where he wrote it was very unsure what government he would fall under, so better to be playing for both sides (although it didn’t work out for him)
@danielrajkow590
@danielrajkow590 2 роки тому
Great conclusion
@artiawhale3807
@artiawhale3807 5 років тому
is that character Littlefinger? (Guessing from 0:17)
@Martyn737
@Martyn737 5 років тому
Tywin Lannister? Tyrion: You just sent the most powerful man in westeros(jofrey at the time) without his supper Tywin: "Do you really think A crown gives you power?" Tywin: explain to me why is more noble to kil ten thousand men than to kill few at a dinner(wedding)? Tyrion: to save lives? Tywin: to end the war and protect the family
@tarsilanascimento7932
@tarsilanascimento7932 Рік тому
Loved the background song, sounds infinity
@wrinkleintime4257
@wrinkleintime4257 3 роки тому
Thanks for finally explains this! My dad uses this term all the freaking time ...
@Highlyskeptical
@Highlyskeptical 5 років тому
"Never let your sense of morals prevent you from doing what is right." -Salvor Hardin, Foundation Mayor
@theali8oras274
@theali8oras274 3 роки тому
This is nonsensical. Your sense of morals is what tells you what's right
@Highlyskeptical
@Highlyskeptical 3 роки тому
@@theali8oras274 Your cortex reasons what is right using humanist-biased utilitarian values to do something that is emotionally wrong for most. Dropping the WW2 A bomb was right to save thousands of US troops from a mainland assault of Japan, though it feels wrong to take thousands of lives instananeously, many whom were arguably innocent. Frontal lobe cortex reasoning trumps limbic emotional gut feelings, or morals. It's from Isaac Asimov's Foundation series.
@theali8oras274
@theali8oras274 3 роки тому
@@Highlyskeptical all you re doing is describing your moral reasoning. Your idea of basing it in "humanist utilitarian values" (which btw idk how you can say supporting the bomb) doesnt mean anything. You just have an inner clash of ideas.
@lady5049
@lady5049 3 роки тому
@@Highlyskeptical Every argument can be backed by both rationality and emotion. There's even a rational justification as to why morals must exist because that's what shielding the whole of humanity from destruction. Morals are shared subjectivity that must be followed. Of course, the US dropped the bomb to save the lives of its people from the Japanese, but in the process, killing the innocent Japanese, purely out of self-interest. Self-interest is connected with feeling rather than logic. In a nutshell, the US did what is right for itself rather than the whole and a so-called moralistic approach would have dealt with what is right for the whole rather than the one's own. Both sides subscribe to some kind of feeling. And you have no right to kill me over something which I have no part of.
@r0me0iii97
@r0me0iii97 2 роки тому
Very timely Ted! 👏👏👏🤣
@Teglamen
@Teglamen 2 роки тому
My favourite quote from Ragnar (from show 'Vikings'): 'Power is only given to those who are prepared to lower themselves to pick it up' honorourable mention is that 'Power is always dangerous. It attracts the worst and corrupts the best.'
@burtmacklin6443
@burtmacklin6443 2 роки тому
Very informative, wonderful video, retrospection on the term: Compared to how we as people use other words like "literally" entirely incorrect to the point dictionaries change the definition of the word this does not surprise me. With that said, I would argue that even by your own argument we have actually been using the term correct all these years even without knowing precisely why. People name their ideas after themselves, or are named after them all the time. Even with this new(to me) description of where the word comes from, it still captures what Machiavelli was trying to express through his works in The Prince, not that Machiavelli was a tyrant himself.
@sweetfruit7769
@sweetfruit7769 5 років тому
*_great music!_* what is the song called?
@orangutank626
@orangutank626 4 роки тому
Fr I am looking for it! Please let me know
@holmesjavier669
@holmesjavier669 2 роки тому
POV: ur from ph and this was in ur recommendation👀
@itsmetats
@itsmetats 2 роки тому
This is fascinating
@theworldsmostplagiarizedma2436
@theworldsmostplagiarizedma2436 2 роки тому
Thank you for this.
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