Why Does Caffeine Exist?
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Today, billions of people around the world start their day with caffeine. But how and why did the ability to produce this molecule independently evolve in multiple, distantly-related lineages of flowering plants, again and again?
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@albatross4920 Рік тому
Why do plants do anything? Either to attract bugs or kill bugs 🐛
@mme.veronica735 Рік тому
or to attract or ward off bigger animals
@logandelacruz2152 Рік тому
They attract bugs to pollinate them, but kill them if the bugs eat their leaves or stem.
@RDV-1996 Рік тому
And in this case, both.
@Crakinator Рік тому
Spicy fruits with lots of capsaicin were evolved to ward off mammals like us who typically avoid eating the seeds of peppers.
@brothermine2292 Рік тому
They also do many things to grow and reproduce that have nothing to do with attracting or repelling other species. Photosynthesis is a well-known example.
@CelibateCetologist Рік тому
What gets me about the cacao plant is that it generally is poisonous to most animals but one day, a human looked at it and said, “I’m gonna eat it.” And then didn’t die!
@jamesdeininger3759 Рік тому
I’d be willing to bet that, throughout history, humans have tried consuming every single plant, fungal, and animal species they came in contact with.
@krono5el Рік тому
The Maya and cacao are basically one in the same, they probably engineered it to be edible like maize.
@LithmusEarth Рік тому
Tons of these plants, hot peppers, coffee, etc. are design evolutionarily to like kill the insects from eating them, a pesticide. BUT we are an insane species, who is like, Habaneros hurt... must eat more. I also like that our meat preservation habits, depend on what the average temperature & weather is, which determined the level of spice tolerance/use that that sector of the world required for that culture, so you get really heavy spicy food in india one of the hottest large ancient cultures, but relatively mild spice use in Germanic area.
@LithmusEarth Рік тому
I did post this before I got to 4 minutes in when she literally says the pesticide thing. It's just one of those common facts you've heard before, this video I'm not expecting a lot of new content to reach me, but you never know! Also these guys are great so I watch them, because they are very entertaining.
@tacitus6384 Рік тому
And bless that man.
@DieNextInLINE Рік тому
My favorite little tidbit I discovered when researching the history of the cacao was finding out about a tribe in South America that became a huge "empire", for lack of a better word, by diplomacy with a lot of smaller tribes. Archaeologists found pottery that had traces of a cacao mixture laced with another chemical that could induce hallucinations. Basically, these guys were inviting their rivals over, drinking this hallucinogenic hot cocoa and then making a deal while they're all friendly and high.
@keegentilley578 Рік тому
Could've been Ayahuasca
@chilliecheesecake Рік тому
@@keegentilley578 Dude weed lmao
@keegentilley578 Рік тому
@@chilliecheesecake weed isn't native to that region. It comes from the Tibetan plateu
@ayoungethan Рік тому
Sounds less like an empire and more like a federation. Bottom up vs top down. One of the many reasons why imperial regimes seem to consider hallucinogens an existential threat. Bringing people together, raising consciousness and spiritual practice are all the same process. One cannot occur without the other.
@Burn_Angel 11 місяців тому
And that's why the guys who use guns calls us savages or barbarians. We just know a better way than violence. ("We" as South Americans. I don't do that hallucinogenous stuff, I'd rather punch someone lmao)
@claysparrows Рік тому
The connections that Eons makes between evolution, biology, human culture, and history are what makes this one of my favorite channels on UKposts.
@lyreparadox Рік тому
Me too! I reminds me of the old tv series "connections"
@MemphiStig Рік тому
@@lyreparadox oh that was a great show! i totally forgot about it. thanks for reminding me. i'll go look it up now.
@MossyMozart Рік тому
@@lyreparadox - And the great PBS show, "Contact!".
@IrisGlowingBlue 8 місяців тому
@@lyreparadox I hadn't heard about that show before but now I have learned! Thanks for bringing it up [:
@BrunoMontanhez Рік тому
Fun fact that I learned on academy: we are so linked to caffeine comsuption that we can actually use the molecule concentration as an indication of domestic sewer contamination on natural waters.
@alicehargest Рік тому
Kinda gross but cool!
@crashmatrix Рік тому
That _is_ a fun fact
@mikeblair2594 Рік тому
Just like corona virus. Yey.....?
@nicholaslogan6840 Рік тому
actually pretty unremarkable when you consider human activity is notorious for leaving a wide array of footprints
@AlexanderRM1000 Рік тому
Huh! Whereas molecules in urine for example would also be found in animal urine.
@islandsunset Рік тому
Fun fact: if we take equal quantities, tea leaves contain more caffeine than coffee beans but coffee beans releases more caffeine than the tea leaves.
@ferretappreciator Рік тому
So what you're saying is just skip the drink altogether and eat tea leaves?
@a_e_hilton Рік тому
Those darn tea leaves, keeping it all to themselves!
@ZombieBarioth Рік тому
A lot of which comes down to the brewing method, as tea leaves are typically steeped at lower temperatures, heat is the key to caffeine. Ground tea (matcha) will get you the full benefits. You'll definitely notice. :P
@genghiskhan6809 Рік тому
What if I mix tea and coffee together then?
@Ryan-cb1ei Рік тому
@@ZombieBarioth ?? I have both of those a lot, and coffee always seems stronger
@Beryllahawk Рік тому
Fascinating to learn just HOW many different plants make caffeine - but I'm not really surprised that everywhere such plants exist, humans have found ways to consume them, haha. We like our mind-altering chemicals!
@swimdownx6365 Рік тому
Did you know mRNAs those are genes actually being used can sometimes fall back main genome and douplicate genes. Case in point lamarckism
@madxD144 Рік тому
@@swimdownx6365 k
@akashsinha2880 Рік тому
No caffeine for me.
@salt-emoji Рік тому
Ever since humans gained sentience, they've been trying to find ways to change that.
@Simplinalina Рік тому
@@salt-emoji best comment
@majrminer Рік тому
First time I had caffeine was a pill, 200mg. I didn't know what that would do. I ended up running several miles because it felt like what my body wanted to do. Years later, i would drink a cup before writing papers. Years later than that, it can clear my mind a bit, but has nothing close to the same impact it did when I was younger. The body certainly adapts and changes.
@Meraxes6 Рік тому
If you stop drinking it for a while you’ll experience that same effect as when you were younger
@since2133 Рік тому
Caffeine in general gives me a headache, makes me sad or a little depressed and stressed sometimes and I wonder why. But that’s not always.
@joshuanavarrete1891 Рік тому
Caffeine is a drug and like all drugs your body begins to create tolerance and youll need more and more to get the same effect. So like the other person said, stop for a month or more.
@shleeb896 Рік тому
@@since2133 Caffeine has many links to anxiety and headaches, both because it makes the heart race and it’s a diuretic.
@RandomNirvanaSXE Рік тому
I drink a coffee when I want to go to sleep or have a nap. Thank you ADHD brain ❤️
@drangus3468 Рік тому
I was wondering this literally yesterday. Thanks for checking in with my internal narrative, PBS, and impressive turnaround.
@kobrapromotions Рік тому
Sup
@radagastwiz Рік тому
When they were first investigating the stimulant in tea, they named it 'theanine' because it worked a whole lot like the 'caffeine' they'd already investigated. It was only later that they realized it was chemically identical.
@drts6955 Рік тому
I needee that clarified. I was confused by the terms
@thomicrisler9855 Рік тому
Theine, actually. Theanine is an amino acid, also found in tea.
@kateapple1 Рік тому
@@thomicrisler9855 thank you! I was like that’s so not caffeine! But man it works like caffeine. Taurine, ginseng, and theanine 🙌🏽 the holy trinity of AWAKE 😳
@The.Heart.Unceasing Рік тому
@@kateapple1 yeeeah no. taurine doesn't do shit to keep you awake, it does however help *caffeine* stay longer in your system, there is no evidence of ginseng acting as a stimulant (if anything it is thought to be a pretty good antioxydant and a bunch of other nebulous benefits that have never been proved) and theanine is actually a *relaxant* (unless you meant "theine"... which is just another name for *caffeine* )
@BasicTruths Рік тому
Theine is another name for caffeine. Theanine is a different molecule entirely.
@J_K944 Рік тому
When I worked in a coffee roasters in college I had to inform new customers of Kaldi's story anytime I sold them our Kaldi's blend, which is ironic that we would name a blend after Kaldi as they would have just been using a single sourced bean.
@CoolAsFreya Рік тому
Nicotine is also a naturally occurring alkaloid that acts as a stimulant for humans, so we also have a long history of tobacco usage due to this.
@apextroll Рік тому
Humans love their -ines.
@hanfred Рік тому
It is also a very powerful insecticide, so plants developed it probably for similar reasons?
@ain92ru Рік тому
@@hanfred There is actually even a family of widely used artificial insecticides derived from nicotine, the so-called neonikotinoids
@hanfred Рік тому
@@ain92ru I know, they seem to be problematic for bees and other insects, not just the ones farmers and gardeners want to protect their crops and other plants with.
@danilooliveira6580 Рік тому
@@hanfred almost all of those psychotropic chemicals plant produce are used for self defense, that also include opioids and canabinoids
@protocetid Рік тому
caffeine: exists PBS Eons: “but why?”
@lyrimetacurl0 Рік тому
The best UKposts channel
@christinamann3640 Рік тому
So this is why grandmas put coffee grounds on their prize roses: fertilizer, insecticide, and pollenator encouraging.
@enckidoofalling2883 13 днів тому
And tea bags!
@luukrutten1295 День тому
yes it is quite effective
@jaredsmith6328 Рік тому
That caffeinated "species of North American holly" is called Yaupon. It's native to the Southeast and is commercially available as "Yaupon Tea" from various sellers online. I strongly recommend it for North American viewers as an alternative to shipping tea leaves across the globe.
@andersjjensen Рік тому
Unless it tastes precisely like tea you're probably going to meet some resistance. For some strange reason we seem to be ultra-traditionalists when it comes to our drugs addictions :P
@lyreparadox Рік тому
Thank you, I was wondering what that was.
@arooobine Рік тому
It tastes better than traditional tea imo. Unfortunately it's also much more expensive, probably only because it's niche.
@monicaluketich3106 Рік тому
In east and Central Texas, yaupon bushes/trees grow as weeds. My woods is full of them. I have goats to help clean up the undergrowth, and they will stand up on their hind legs to get to the leaves. I then cut the bare branches off for firewood but leave the canopy there for the bees. Everyone is happy - slowly the woods is being cleared so I will have paths and areas for new treevgrowth, goats think it is candy, I get firewood and the bees get both nectar and pollen from yaupon.
@idiosyncraticat4554 Рік тому
It would be very interesting to learn about how the poppy plant began to produce opium and why? Was there a need or advantage of the opium or just a byproduct?
@thefisherking78 Рік тому
Yeah lol it's a natural neurotoxin.
@terranovarubacha5473 Рік тому
Fun fact: casein, a protein in milk, turns into an opioid in our bodies. That's why we like cheese so much
@ElectronFieldPulse Рік тому
@@terranovarubacha5473 - Your last sentence is pure conjecture and isn't supported by any science.
@maiqtyson3278 Рік тому
@@ElectronFieldPulse source: i am not this person and I like cheese
@johnsmith-ht3sy Рік тому
@@ElectronFieldPulse A lot of myths in here.
@webby-pl1mn Рік тому
"makes our brains go zoom zoom" Epic quote
@bluehydra4579 Рік тому
Epic.... right....
@josephharden5592 9 днів тому
Quackhead
@amelade Рік тому
i love the connection to anthropology and human evolution in this episode. would love to see more like this! the line in particular stood out to me: "Just like different kinds of plants convergently evolved to produce caffeine, many cultures on different continents independently converged on using it."
@sarahskileth6925 Рік тому
"caffeine makes your brain go zoom" Me: "caffeine makes my heart go boom"
@redfieldwong717 Рік тому
True. I stay away from it. You’re better off
@erinyes3943 Рік тому
If it helps any, that’s a reaction that isn’t dangerous and will usually decrease with time
@sarahskileth6925 Рік тому
@@erinyes3943 it actually started when i was older and is getting worse actually.
@sarahskileth6925 Рік тому
@TwinTurbo Ray i avoid caffeine like the plauge. Which is surprisingly hard to do actually.
@CatFish107 2 місяці тому
Or, if you have the right kind of neurological quirk, it might make your brain go zzzzzzz, or barely function. (laughs in ADHD)
@carolinacoreas7716 Рік тому
Something I find interesting is how caffeine affects individuals with ADHD. I have ADHD and caffeine has never really given me an energy boost after the first time I tried it as a kid. I rarely ever drink soda, so I got my caffeine from coffee. I can usually sleep easily even when having drank more than my usual amount of caffeine. However, I still get the side effects of it such as an elevated heart rate, the laxative effect, and anxiety. I can be tired, but I get extreme anxiety if I drink too much coffee. Coffee has always been a sort of luxury drink for me because it tastes so good with creamer and sugar, and it's most likely for its stimulant effect of helping us produce more dopamine, which is something ADHD inhibits.
@adriennefloreen Рік тому
That's interesting. I wake up shaking with my heart racing in the morning and drink coffee to feel calm and awake. And energy drinks like Red Bull don't get me very wired. Actually a few nights ago I woke up around 3am, couldn't find anything to drink but a Red Bull, so I drank one and went back to bed for a few more hours. Do I have ADHD? Probably I guess, I am quite a hyper person.
@carolinacoreas7716 Рік тому
@@adriennefloreen so, the thing is, not all people with ADHD fit the stereotypical image of a hyper person. In fact, the most common subtype of ADHD in women is the inattentive subtype. However, some things affect most people with ADHD in similar ways regardless of which subtype they have. The condition itself has to do with the low production of dopamine and epinephrine, but mostly dopamine, which impacts one's executive function. The fact that you wake up shaking and the only thing that can calm you down and be awake is caffeine sounds more like symptoms of withdrawal. So it has less to do with the probability that you have ADHD and more with the probability that you're addicted to caffeine and your body undergoes moderate withdrawal symptoms when your caffeine levels run low.
@adriennefloreen Рік тому
@@carolinacoreas7716 I am actually probably like most men with ADHD, I am constantly doing things and getting distracted and doing other things. I have a heart condition where my heart always races so I don't really know how much is physical caused by that. They gave me Ritalin one time as a teen and I took one pill and never took it again, I felt like I was high on a drug, I do not recommend that, most people I have known with ADHD seem to do better self medicating themselves with coffee or marijuana or just being very busy people. Curiously do you have a opposite reaction to valium where it makes you wired not tired and relaxed because I do. Very badly. The last time they gave me valium they had to give me some other medication to counteract the shaking and racing heart rate it caused.
@carolinacoreas7716 Рік тому
@@adriennefloreen I still haven't been treated with stimulants as I've been recently diagnosed and I've started on bupropion and atomoxetine. I don't know how I'd react to stimulants, but considering I'm still not seeing much of an improvement with atomoxetine, I may need to start on a stimulant at some point in the future. Unfortunately, it is nearly impossible to get it prescribed in my state, so I have very low hopes that I'll get the medications that I need to normally function.
@adriennefloreen Рік тому
@@carolinacoreas7716 What state? In California they made it nearly impossible to get pain medication. I had to sign a form saying I wouldn't ask for it to go to a dentist, and when you go to the ER they ask you if you hurt yourself to get pain medicine.
@mentalrebllion1270 Рік тому
7:55 I would say so considering that tea is the most consumed drink after water, statistically. And this is even after it has suffered drops in popularity in its history. On another note, caffeine also will react weirdly with adhd but, to my knowledge, this is fairly new research.
@stellarmagnus9999 Рік тому
I was gonna say, I have adhd and I'm curious as to why caffeine doesn't seem to have much of an effect on me. Stimulants tend to make it easier for me fall asleep and make me calmer. I've found that citrus or anything acidic tends to do a better job at helping me stay awake than caffeine.
@infinitemonkey917 Рік тому
So do other stimulants.
@slwrabbits Рік тому
I'm pretty sure that for several years, I self-treated my ADHD with caffeine.
@rsullivan6738 Рік тому
I have ADHD and Caffeine makes me feel drowsy and ill.
@tomfoolery5680 Рік тому
@@stellarmagnus9999 I was never diagnosed, but definitely have ADHD and any stimulant to which I have developed a tolerance doesn't stimulate at all. However, when I first start drinking or eating it it's like I'm shot out of a cannon. I've cut way down and only drink an occasional cup of coffee and I'm wound like an 8 day clock. If I were to resume drinking it regularly again by the third day it does nothing
@user-yw9mw9hv8o Рік тому
Another very nice plant episode, they're the very basis of many ecosystems! Can't wait for the next time you share one.
@romxxii Рік тому
I love how plants produce chemicals entirely for their own benefit that end up creating an entirely different chemical reaction in humans. We then cultivate these plants, making them grow and proliferate more than the chemical's intended purpose ever could. And this isn't just for caffeine-bearing plants, too. Capsaicin in chili was made to deter all pests but birds, where the seeds pass through their digestive tracts unharmed. We said "nah, we like the burn", and proceeded to spread the chili further than any bird could. And it's not just plants we cultivate for food, either. There's cannabis and tobacco, which are billion-dollar industries.
@sapphirII Рік тому
I was told the scent of basil is of a similar use. A compound to deter pests and we're just like "umm fragrant! I'll add it to my dish!"
@TragoudistrosMPH Рік тому
The Adenosine explanation was cool and unexpected!
@johnquach8821 Рік тому
This is interesting! Maybe "Why Nautiloids/Nautiluses survived but Ammonites didn't?"
@GunnarMcGriff Рік тому
Yes!
@reeyees50 Рік тому
Different niche
@misanthropichumanist4782 Рік тому
So... we've had episodes on capsicum and caffine producers... How about one on chocolate, specifically? Also, Keep the food-related episodes coming! 👍🏻😁
@laurajaneluvsbeauty9596 Рік тому
Cacao was in this video
@christophmahler Рік тому
Neat episode. Narratives that relate species to another, not by genetics, but in complex patters of evolutionary _functions_ are arguably the most fascinating - and most challenging to produce since many different fields are to be taken into account.
@joebaumgart1146 Рік тому
I used to have a caffine and alcohol addiction. Now I'm 2 weeks in to drinking nothing but water. I feel so much freer now.
@Romanticoutlaw Рік тому
personally, I like to believe that people just randomly ate things and if they had mind altering or tasty properties, we kept consuming it
@MrNeboff Рік тому
Me too. There are theories of how this lead to our brains evolving . One of them I believe is called stoned ape theory m
@Angel-Kitten Рік тому
I'm one of those people who doesn't feel caffeine effect, it doesn't cheer me. It would be interesting to know more about it.
@sa.8208 Рік тому
wow how unique and special
@Crimson54 Рік тому
It’s not all it’s cracked up to be. As someone who starts to stutter with caffeine, I don’t drink it anymore, but when I did, it’s not like I went from 60% energy to 80% it’s more like if you’re at 60% it’ll go to like 65% with a cup. Plus the feel goodness of a warm drink adds a placebo. Excluding espresso shots that is. You also have to poop about an hour after your cup.
@TragoudistrosMPH Рік тому
There at least 2 identified genes related to that. One is like a resistance to caffeine's effect and the other makes some metabolize it more quickly (this lessening the effect). I forget how the first works, exactly, but the latter I remember more clearly. Caffeine does little to me, so I don't bother with it.
@infinitemonkey917 Рік тому
Maybe you have that same bacteria in your gut as the beetle.
@brothermine2292 Рік тому
So, do you mean that you would sleep just as well if you drank a few cups of coffee before going to bed? I wouldn't say coffee "cheers me," but it makes me a little more wakeful and I think that improves my concentration. On summer mornings, instead of hot coffee I often add a teaspoon of instant coffee to a cold cup of chocolate almond milk. I like the taste too... coffee ice cream is one of my favorite ice creams (but I rarely eat ice cream).
@bennubyrd Рік тому
It's so amazing... to actually think of plants performing this task, in real time, on a microscopic level! Being able to have a general understanding of this process is truly humbling. And just to think of how many iterations are necessary to result in one threshold dose of caffeine...! Like what
@gavinjones3933 Рік тому
Weird how there aren’t any caffeine producing mushrooms (so far as I know - correct me if wrong). Alkaloids are pretty common in the fungus world, so you’d have thought one would’ve hit on caffeine.
@juanausensi499 Рік тому
Probably they don't have the same chemical precursors as plants. But they have they own version of everything, so probably there is a mushroom out there that doesn't make caffeine but something that acts similar.
@regorflora7915 Рік тому
No nees for shrooms to produce coffeine. They have something better
@saferugdev8975 Рік тому
not sure if its just me, but taking small amounts of magic mushrooms has a very very similar effect on my brain as coffee. the effect being a clear mind and high concentration. besides that i am very sure that there has been, at least at some point, a mushroom producing caffeine, as there are literally millions of mushroom subspecies, of which we have only discovered around 1%
@adamthompson4072 Рік тому
Plants: I'm gonna create a deterrent that'll kill whatever tries to eat me. Humans: mmm, these beans make me jittery. And now I can't get through a day without it or I get a headache
@fungalcoffee Рік тому
Caffeine withdrawal, fun times with evolutionary traps I know well.
@tinyjungle_ Рік тому
I think it's a genius long-term strategy to gradually agitate the human species and keep them sleep deprived until they annihilate themselves. Plants are cool.
@KianaWolf Рік тому
And now coffee has a species devoted to ensuring the plant's survival and propagation.
@adamthompson4072 Рік тому
@@KianaWolf just like peppers. The plants outsmarted us again
@dannybrown5744 Рік тому
Like mosquito
@tinyjungle_ Рік тому
This makes me think about the "plants are poison" people who claim eating any plants is toxic to humans. The most ironic thing about them is the vast majority of them depend on caffeine to get through the day.
@Meraxes6 Рік тому
Lol what idiots believe that?
@matthewswift4510 Рік тому
I've literally never heard of this. Please show me to these people so I can point and laugh at them
@tinyjungle_ Рік тому
@@matthewswift4510 they often call themselves carnivores
@matthewswift4510 Рік тому
@@tinyjungle_ I've heard of carnivore diet and people that think like "plants are rabbit food" but literally saying these green things are toxic, I've never heard of that
@tinyjungle_ Рік тому
@@matthewswift4510 it's definitely a niche genre. That said, you might be surprised how many people believe it and promote it.
@anyawillowfan Рік тому
What I find most fascinating is the plants you mention are all bitter tasting. In general it makes sense to avoid anything naturally bitter because it's a sign of danger/poison (obviously not all the time, but it could be argued caffeine is dangerous due to preventing the body feeling tired, as well as addiction), yet humans choose foods like coffee and chocolate, often adding a lot of dairy and sugar to make it palatable. I would love to see a video about how and why we learned to prepare certain foods in different ways.
@CatFish107 2 місяці тому
Caffeine in a dose equivalent to filling your stomach with chewed tea leaves would probably have some severe negative effects on a human, or other mammals. It is quite interesting how we've adapted various plants and preparation methods to make them edible.
@TheKaneECO Рік тому
According to some research it's apparently much better to drink coffee about 90 minutes after you wake up opposed to right away. This was you avoid a crash later. The reason is that in the morning you have a lot of adenosine in your brain so by blocking the receptors all of it just sits there waiting to bind to the receptors when the caffine wears off. Giving yourself an hour or so allows the left over adenosine to bind and wear off so you don't crash super hard when it kicks in later all at once.
@xubluetree86 Рік тому
And this episode accompanies my morning coffee perfectly. Thanks Eons :)
@joewalsh1054 Рік тому
Ethiopian Yirgacheffe is my favorite coffee. It's very fruity and slightly tart. It isn't bitter at all. There are other coffees i like as well, including blends but it is my favorite
@cattnipp 8 місяців тому
how's it on stains?
@ridiculous_gaming Рік тому
After years of headaches and being a caffeine slave, I quit caffeine 3 weeks ago and endured the headaches and hungover feelings. This is a bad product that abuses your adrenaline gland, and releases too much cortisol.
@rebasack21 Рік тому
I developed an allergy to caffeine in my mid 20's. I landed in the ER 3 times but the doctors had no idea what was causing my symptoms. I was getting insanely deydrated suuper fast as well as altered mental state and some other reallly weird stuff. I knew it had to be something in my diet as all medications had been ruled out so i literally dropped down to bread and water and slowly added stuff back in. i got about halfway into a soda when it hit me again. Decaf had no effect. it drastically reduces my options for flavored water for years but thats gotten better now as keto is on the rise and now there are tons of water flavorings that are safe for me to use.
@slomari Рік тому
I love this! Id love a video on cotton's evolution because it's very interesting to me that the plant developed those fibers in the first place for humans to selectivly breed longer fibers
@Dragrath1 Рік тому
Yeah though the fibers are actually a pretty common example of convergent evolution for wind based seed dispersal from dandelions, to milkweed and willows there are quite a few plants which produce these and wildlife takes full advantage of these fibers especially birds which use the fluff as nesting material. Humans just selected for plants which had seeds that had too many fibers to disperse effectively.
@robertanderson5092 Рік тому
Caffeine, sugar, and dairy are the three food groups
@Zei33 Рік тому
Really quite a good example of how Eons is about the mysteries of the past rather than just dinosaurs. I like it a lot.
@infinitemonkey917 Рік тому
It's the convergent evolution in different plants on different continents that makes it interesting. I guess DMT is another example.
@jalex4251 Рік тому
I want caffeinated avocado trees.
@halfabeet Рік тому
this was legitimately incredibly interesting and informative, thanks!
@andybeans5790 Рік тому
I still have a cortado each morning before training, but drink decaf at any other time. My caffeine addiction was driving my anxiety, but I was drinking coffee to deal with my undiagnosed spectrum issues, which was made worse by the anxiety. Getting off that rollercoaster after 20 years has been a major turning point in my life, I recommend it to anyone, especially if you're suffering anxiety.
@bhante1345 Рік тому
I wake up, I drink coffee, 15 minutes later I pass out and fall asleep again. If it's the weekend, I could sleep for two hours, then bam, the caffeine rush kicks in and I'm wide awake for a little while, then I'm sleepy again. It only really perks me up if I drink it in the late afternoon or early evening. If I drink coffee in the morning, it knocks me out.
@Jop_pop Рік тому
Eons drinking game: Take a shot every time they say "evolutionary arms race"
@hafizqayib6486 Рік тому
Take two when they say "convergent evolution" 🙂
@Jop_pop Рік тому
@@hafizqayib6486 oh no I wouldn't make it out alive...
@fallinginthed33p Рік тому
If it's a shot of espresso, I'd be halfway to the moon by now.
@hafizqayib6486 Рік тому
@@Jop_pop 🤣
@hafizqayib6486 Рік тому
@@fallinginthed33p Way to go
@emancoy Рік тому
We are drinking this toxic insecticide for centuries and we love it!
@fallinginthed33p Рік тому
We pay good money to drink a tasty toxin.
@redfieldwong717 Рік тому
Yes but I believe that’s why America has the worst heart problems of any nation.
@emancoy Рік тому
@@redfieldwong717 that and their obesity problems
@bengsynthmusic Рік тому
But alcohol is cool though right?
@nitzan3782 Рік тому
The Kaldi story seems so simplistic and to-the-point I'm inclined to believe it. Random goat shepherd stumbling into coffee by accident is 100% believable to me.
@thorium222 Рік тому
yes, certainly beats the " and then a god came down from heaven and brought a gift to humanity" in the believability department. :D
@nougan_gamer Рік тому
I love coffee, few cups per day, but I'm still a powerful mosquito detector - I'm always the 1st one getting bitten. I guess (sadly) caffeine is not a pesticide against mosquitoes then... 😅
@jamaririptoe8555 Рік тому
I love Ethiopian coffee culture. By far the strongest and best coffee and ways of drinking it. Absolutely perfect 🥰
@vrushabhbhaskar1348 Рік тому
In school, we had a chapter in our Hindi literature subject on The Shepard's story discovering coffee berries. It was elaborate and beautiful. I remember the smile on our teacher's face when she came to the part of the Shepard discovering the smell of the roasting coffee. Teachers are our one of the first storytellers indeed.
@thomsen256 Рік тому
I love this series so much. Every video is different educational and plain fascinating.
@Thejosiphas Рік тому
this is one of the more well-researched & mindblowing videos on here really excellent job to all involved!!!!!
@cattnipp 8 місяців тому
doesn't take much to impress you.
@Thejosiphas 8 місяців тому
@@cattnipp stop being an ashole
@simonmuschamp4582 Рік тому
Literally drinking coffee whilst watching. Life would certainly be much bleaker without it. Another great video. 👍
@redfieldwong717 Рік тому
Not true at all. I think you’re just addicted. (Saying non aggressively)
@simonmuschamp4582 Рік тому
@@redfieldwong717 Oh there's no disputing that! Lol
@rafaelrenno Рік тому
Amazing episode specially when I've been studying to produce coffee in my property. Thanks a lot for this gift! :)
@justalonesoul5825 11 місяців тому
"Grumpy, tired, hairless apes" Yup, that seems to sum it up pretty well! *winces and returns to his cup of black nectar*
@refsmithy Рік тому
"Grumpy, tired, hairless ape"... Me relying on caffeine to get me through Monday because I'm grumpy and tired... the story checks out!
@tj3056 Рік тому
Hi Eons team, I'd love to see a video on the evolution of dingoes. I'm curious to learn more about where they came from and whether they were domesticated by the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. It would also be interesting to see an episode on thylacines and Tasmanian devils
@EricRoberts2112 Рік тому
And why they steal babies lol
@theairstig9164 Рік тому
Wild dogs ate all the devils and Tasmanian tigers on the mainland. The dingo is genetically related to the Asiatic wolf and has lived in Australia for about 4000 years. Therefore they did not arrive by land bridge. They arrived by boat with people. The 4000 years comes from measuring the genetic mutations from the Asiatic wolf then dividing these by the average breeding age of the animal
@loverdeadly6128 Рік тому
Is coffee and tea in danger of over cultivation like other cash crops are?
@gregorysagegreene Рік тому
Fascinating. The fact that 'chemical evolution' can separately evolve alternate convergent pathways to the same end, which then gets 'selected' at the macro-eukaryote organism level, is a strong indicator of the sheer vastness of 'deep time'. On the underpinning molecular drivers, Darwin's mind would be blown.
@iankrasnow5383 Рік тому
I doubt people were using the coffee berry to make coffee initially. Coffee berries are sweet and tasty, and people would have enjoyed them fresh. They need to be dried for long term storage, which makes them ideal to make a "tea" out of.
@jamesraymond1158 Рік тому
Fascinating subject. Similar stories can be told for all the spices and many drugs (e.g., scopolamine) which evolved to repel herbivores. PBS Eons is the best science channel on UKposts. It is far better than Nova.
@Nefville Рік тому
It amazes me what chemicals we as a society generally agree are okay and which are not. And its almost completely arbitrary.
@correllbh Рік тому
It's definitely not completely arbitrary
@bengsynthmusic Рік тому
It's based on which crony corporations are bribing politicians.
@Nefville Рік тому
@@bengsynthmusic 100% agree.
@spartan1121 Рік тому
One of the side effects of watching all these Eons videos is that the phrase "as far back as a thousand years ago" now sounds more like "we found this stuff basically yesterday".
@jbragg1001 Рік тому
Rutgers has a massive caffeine molecule statue outside the chem department. Teachers and students alike worship caffeine as their savior
@unknown39778 Рік тому
Very interesting, I'm curious to know what it is exactly that prevents some people from being affected by caffeine like most.
@VioletWhirlwind Рік тому
If anything, caffeine makes me sleepier...so yeah, I'm curious about that, too.
@blackwingrabbit1980 10 місяців тому
caffeine makes me sleepy as well far as coffee , chocolate doesn’t though I was told that caffeine in coffee can make someone that hyper active tired.
@awakenedgoat4488 Рік тому
One question I have is that when I drink Caffeine it feels as though it makes me sleepier right away. Is there some sort of condition where instead of binding to it and preventing us from feeling that drowsiness it instead acts like adenosine would and just cause us to get drowsy?
@ItsPowee Рік тому
If you're typically consuming caffeine within about an hour of waking up that will be why. Waking up properly is important for unaugmented wakefulness to last the whole day. Waiting about an hour after waking up allows for residual adenosine from sleep still floating around to bind and be cleared whereas if you consume as soon as you wake up or close to it you will essentially block the receptor before allowing that adenosine to clear out which is responsible for both the crash that a lot of people report and partially for the momentary "time for bed" feeling upon consumption or within 30 minutes of it.
@awakenedgoat4488 Рік тому
@@ItsPowee Interesting, I wonder if some people have a disorder where adenosine gets stuck in their receptors constantly? So they're just always sleepy? Maybe that's my issue. But even so, whenever I consume caffeine, even hours after being awake, I will get sleepy :T
@mirrorblue100 Рік тому
As always - an excellent program from Eons - thanks.
@arkiisan Рік тому
Now that’s an answer to a question I never knew I needed the answer for
@gintasvilkelis2544 Рік тому
What I've noticed: sometimes consuming caffeine has a strong energising effect, and other times exactly the same dose seems to have little or even no effect at all. And the time difference between the two can be as little as just a few hours. Is there an explanation to that? The times in question are morning thru mid-afternoon, when I need to be fully alert, but because of this phenomenon, I can't always count on caffeine doing the trick... It's a bit of a lottery instead of certainty.
@notnormalyet Рік тому
You build a tolerance, just like any drug. Also, there are a lot of factors that can affect the amount of caffeine in a cup of coffee or tea (age, temperature brewed, time brewed).
@lDemonAngel Рік тому
Life without coffee would be no fun
@stankthatank7074 Рік тому
I was expecting solid work but this episode really surprised me in how fascinating that inconspicuous title turned out to be 🤘🙏
@aarondilley5266 Рік тому
I would love to see reference links in the description to learn more about things you quote instead of a just "one study" put a link to the study please, These are great summaries it would be nice to be able to do a deeper dive on some of this
@limalicious Рік тому
I would love to know why caffeine affects people with ADHD differently sometimes. It makes me sleepy instead!
@NadarCosainAmber Рік тому
Same!
@VioletWhirlwind Рік тому
same here!
@LatrinaDeshawntey Рік тому
so quirky and unique
@notnormalyet Рік тому
@@LatrinaDeshawntey What's your problem? This is the second time you've commented this.
@Hyenalowena Рік тому
Ultra simplistic version: it's because caffeine is a stimulant, and stimulants affect the production of dopamine, which helps control focus and calmness. People with ADHD have dopamine regulation problems. So instead of making you more peppy, caffeine is helping to level things out to make you feel more chill.
@sheenawarecki92 Рік тому
A fun fact! Coffee and caffeine are good for the liver! Consumption of caffeine creates a chemical which at least slows growth of scar tissue on the liver and maybe even prevent or stop it! My liver specialist has me drinking coffee for my liver as I have non alcoholic fatty liver disease. I think she said it also helps with the elevated enzymes top but that I don't remember for sure lol 😂
@pheebs887 Рік тому
Loved this video! Here's something I'm curious about, How did Cacti and Succulents evolve? Are there any fossils?
@Radi0ActivSquid Рік тому
I love this channel so much. Has Eons ever shown up to a convention or something?
@islandsunset Рік тому
So ... We can use the coffee residue from our coffee machine as a natural pesticide?
@thangri-la Рік тому
Or it dopes them to give them more energy to destroy. Like the stimulation on the bees.
@kevinsmith5489 Рік тому
Fascinating to learn it independently evolved multiple times. Convergent evolution always make me wonder whether that means these traits are so useful, that maybe they even exist in life forms on other planets as well. Like blood.
@TheNinjaKiwi1 Рік тому
Whenever I have caffeine, it’s always a Russian roulette. Sometimes I’m bouncing off the wall, sometimes I get sleepy, sometimes I feel sick to my stomach. Never pleasantly buzzed. I stay away from it
@Zett76 Рік тому
6:12 "and once we've tried it [...], we keep coming back for more" Such a beautiful smile, while saying: yes, this will make you addicted...
@rikospostmodernlife Рік тому
I think Ilex paraguariensis is produced and consumed as much if not more than guaraná here in Southamerica
@JeremyLevi Рік тому
Guaraná would definitely be the more familiar one to North Americans though since it's used in most commercial energy drinks.
@SuperManning11 Рік тому
Fascinating! The presenter is so wonderful-I could listen to her talk about science for hours on end. She must be a fantastic teacher!
@des8893 Рік тому
Indeed, they are a teacher.
@nirodper Рік тому
the narration is awful, the others are much better
@mikeblair2594 Рік тому
@@nirodper Why?
@rickkwitkoski1976 Рік тому
@Stephen Smith She is a professor and researcher at a university in California. And not in Biology or Biochemistry.
@itzakehrenberg3449 Рік тому
@@des8893 They? Is there more than one person we are talking about?
@rachel_Cochran Рік тому
Her: "... Just to name a few" Me: THERE'S A THIRD PLANT WITH CAFFEINE????
@JoseMolina-ij3xx Рік тому
In some cultures, Tobacco and Coca Leaves were also used as a stimulant, but they weren't caffeine.
@85jacob85 Рік тому
Maybe some message about the harms of over-caffeination? It can be especially harmful to children and is a concern to me as a primary school teacher (and coffee drinker).
@letsdothis9063 Рік тому
Yup. I don't let my kids have any caffeine. I try to keep the sugar to a minimum, but they know how to break my resolve. I do most shopping in their absence.
@myxomatosisity9977 Рік тому
Why aren't we using caffeine spray all over crops as an insecticide then? Paralyzes pests, encourages bees, easy to produce, natural... Honestly, why aren't we doing this?
@MilnaAlen Рік тому
Unfortunately I'm super sensitive to coffee, just one cup at 9am will keep me up till 3-4am. And now on top of that I would need to skip my ADHD meds even if I was fine being up till 4am, so I only end up drinking coffee every few months.
@anirbanmaitra6051 3 місяці тому
I was reading plant defense against herbivores in my Ecology class and this video has made me fall in love with the subject!
@toonses4300 Рік тому
To give humans a reason to live.
@lyrimetacurl0 Рік тому
😂
@lyrimetacurl0 Рік тому
Music being the other reason.
@nrsrymj Рік тому
IIRC caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world.
@pandoraeeris7860 Рік тому
Close. Denial is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world. Caffeine is a close second.
@infinitemonkey917 Рік тому
Tea is the 2nd most common beverage.
@mk_rexx Рік тому
My brain filled the title before I read it whole as "Why do goats exist" as if hoofed herbivores addicted to headbutting and climbing is somehow a strange evolutionary niche
@icarusbinns3156 Рік тому
Nice to know I’ve been addicted to caffeine for a lot longer than I thought… I’ve been drinking black teas (mostly chai) since I was 12!… I’m now 31, and always have a jar of chilled coffee in the fridge. Even in winter. Just refilled it today!
@mrfluffybeehive Рік тому
I landed on you
@unvergebeneid Рік тому
Why does caffeine exist? To make life on earth possible of course! Well, my life anyway 😅
@clearmenser Рік тому
Not me. It gives me headaches and digestive issues. Must be I'm turning into a beetle.
@lyrimetacurl0 Рік тому
Only when you DON'T have it 😂😂😂
@Genzafel Рік тому
Kafka its that you?
@chimeremnmaozioko17 20 днів тому
Caffeine does promotes the release of gastric, which promotes secretion of hydrochloric acid
@terryenglish7132 Рік тому
There was a Hippy coffee shop, called Jammin Java in college town Newark DE back in the early '90s. They had 20 oz Capichinos w only about 1/2 inch of foam on top. As I drank it I became more and more shakey until suddenly it was like a switch had been thrown and I became totally calm. Apparently there's a point where caffeine goes from Central Nervious System stimulant to Brain stimulant. It was wonderful, but I don't doubt that its dangerous.
@ImagesOfAustin Рік тому
Cyclic Adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a signaling molecule which in general acts as a cell "activator" in response to extracellular hormones (probably amoung many other roles). For example, adrenaline which will bind to a transmembrane protein. This protein once activated by adrenaline produces cAMP inside the cell which further progresses the signal inside the cell. Caffeine also binds to the same site as camp on internal proteins, but is more difficult to dislodge and thus leads to a more persistent "be active" signal for the cells. I am not saying your explanation for how caffeine works is not part of the picture, but its not the only one or probably even the most important. In fact, it makes sense if caffeine is an adenosine and related compounds agonist over here, it probably is over there too. Logically, if caffeine is most effective/used in the morning, when this adenosine buildup should be around its lowest, then that probably isn't the primary mechanism being utilized in waking people up. The above is what is taught in biochemistry courses which cover cAMP when discussing signaling pathways.
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