If startups didn't say they can do fusion on short deadlines (like couple years), then they wouldn't get the investors' money. As such, it would be naive to take their promises for granted due to obvious conflict of interests.

I can't even fathom how a device of this type was built given the intricacy it would entail. An absolute marvel of engineering.

This is one of the best examples I've seen of a traditional media company transitioning to new media

I wonder what the best opportunities to invest now are, there are opinions but a little later I find out these opinions don't matter as a totally different turn of events play out with the stocks they discussed therein.

We're introducing a new Quicktake series: *Power Moves* - an in-depth look into the cutting-edge tech that could revolutionize how we power our modern lives. What do you think about fusion technology? Let us know in the comments!

Very well balanced documentary. I feel you went through effort to present the arguments of both private and public fusion project, without overhypeing, allowing your viewers to reach their own conclusion.

3:53 "producing more energy than any fusion experiment in history" - we should add that it produced less energy than was put in. The energy out/in ratio is improving, but has not exceeded one, i.e. no fusion reactor has produced net energy output. This is covered later in the video, but I didn't want anyone to get the wrong idea.

I'm now a recently retired Ph.D. Aerospace Engineer with America's largest defense contractor, but i can still remember sitting in my 5th grade science class reading a science primer magazine in 1966 that talked about fission and fusion reactors and it said while fission reactors were already commercially workable it would about 30 years until fusion reactors came online.

The last fusion lab I worked in was Helion Energy. Before that I worked at the Redmond Plasma Physics Lab, part of the University of Washington. It was nice to see some of my handiwork in a video.

Like space colonies and finding alien life, fusion reactors are something I've heard for decades... since I was a kid. But it is still something that feels within reach in my lifetime. It is still exciting.

There's a huge difference between finally getting to net gain, and being profitable and more viable than other energy sources. Fusion will cost a LOT for many years before we can scale it and master it.

Watched Particle Fever movie 10 years ago a couple times when it came out. This video is a blessing bringing updates to such wonderful developments. Thank you for sharing this.

It is amazing to live in a time where we can observe the progress in fusion. No matter how long it takes any progress is welcome.

This video changed my perception of the private fusion industry. Even if it doesn’t get to net positive fusion first, or fulfill its promises on time; the diversity of zany strategies and ideas being cooked up could end up contributing in the future. No one car company can take credit for even half the major innovations in the past 100 years.

There used to be an old saying that goes: "Fusion power is only 30 years away and always will be." Plasma temperatures run at 100 MILLION degrees, NOT 100,000.

On Dec. 5, 2022, a team at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s National Ignition Facility conducted the first controlled fusion experiment in history

Love it, this kind of documentary are those who help inspire the next generation to step into the unknown, the future.

I admire the persistence of all the people and money involved in this venture. And I really appreciate them!

Best documentary about fusion I've ever seen, great job.

I work in industrial maintenance & I would love to work on these and build them this seems so interesting!

I hope I can help on a fusion project someday. This is a technology that could change the world as we know it in a profound and positive way.

This is the best chance we have approaching a problem from all directions

Excellent. The best documentary on current fusion technology I've seen so far.

Just props for how well this video was made, loved how you showcased all the different fusion startups from across the globe and their different methods of reaching net output. Thanks guys

Inspiring stuff. Godspeed to these hard-working people

Today is Historic moment, it happened. It's finally a tangible source of power. 10 or 20 years from now we may have commercial fusion power.

It's great to see different groups working on this project. The final answer may be something that no one has imagined yet. 🙂 We're waiting for the "eureka moment".

The quality of these short documentaries is stellar.

0:10 the joke is: "nuclear fusion is 30 years away and always will be". (to spare you the google search)

When I saw the concept of fusion power many many many many moon ago , my heart knew it will become reality one day and my heart still beats in that same game , we are humans we are magnificent

Would magnetic movement of pulse around the coils by lowering power in multiple coils spaced out evenly or even circular movement of the coils physically help make it work?

One of the best documentaries I've seen in a long time

great report. I am rooting for fusion since I was a little kid. And I hope to see it being out there in my lifetime. This is the kind of change humanity desperately needs if we want to advance any further. The energy problem needs to be solved. Just think about how the abundance in processing power and storage has transformed the world. Having an abundance of energy would be many tenfolds of that magnitude.

Ever since I heard of ITER its been a dream of mine to help with the project. Thank you for talking about this wonderful project and bringing it to the attention of so many more people.

The running joke is “Fusion is the Energy of the Future…and always will be…”

Scientists say it'll take decades, but business owners currently accepting investment capital say "It's right around the corner!" Exactly the level of journalism I expect from Bloomberg. Woof.

I can't help but think about how computers used to be so large, expensive, and hardly optimal and compare it to this. Just imagining that a future beyond my time there could possibly be these types of reactors in much smaller capacities like how we have hand held computers as our mobile devices gives me hope to the potential of humanity.

"The time scale of 20 years is really realistic." LOL, sounds like my software engineers giving a time line which I automatically triple.

Well now it looks like ITER won't be the first fusion reactor to reach net gain. In California, they achieved net gain just months after this video.

This is so awesome! I’ve been following fusion progress for longer then I can remember. It seems like we’re so close to this amazing breakthrough. I really wish i was in some way apart of this amazing science. Nevertheless I’m still very proud of the individuals that are.

General Fusion and Helion Energy both have complimentary ideas and technologies. If they're gonna inductively recapture energy by careful design of their apparatus, that could be applied to General Fusion's reactor chamber, granted Helion's approach is more linear, whilst General Fusion's is more radial, but I digress.

I had no idea there were so many different approaches. Fascinating stuff.

It was not the private sector that got this discovery! It wasn’t Oxford either! Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California nabbed the power of the sun!

Every resource on the planet needs to be focused on this problem. It quite literally is humanity's only savior. Let's get busy people.

Fantastic to see the energy being put into this research (no pun intended) 👍🔥

20:12 Thank you. THIS is the point that outweighs all other points.

nice 😀I have mine built by a friend (a scientinst that study this for over 15 years) and since I use it I feel marvellous. Plus I got rid of a fibroid and now I start to reset my consciosness🥰he doesn't sell them commercially so his interests are purely scientific. When it's about multiwave oscillators he knows the subject in and out. In the last 90 years since Lakhovski invented his machine technology advanced and now the machine can be build with higher precision and way more efficient than back in the 1900s. There are few other things that my friend added to the machine that for me work WOW.

I'm 29 years old. Really hoping we get to widescale commercial fusion within my lifetime

Man, I love science and engineering. So passionate about it. Projects such as these gives me so much joy in life.

Great video, but there are a bunch of key startups with promising technology that should have been included for example MIT spinoff Commonwealth Fusion Systems with over 2 billion in funding, TAE Technologies , Zap Energy ...

Physics breakthroughs always have impact in chemistry research, which then impacts biology and medicine research. We’ve been waiting for this and it’s finally here!

Great documentary, but I'm shocked Mass Commonwealth Fusion tech isn't represented here. General Fusion is my first bet but Mass Commonwealth Fusion is my 2nd bet. Stellerators have come a long, long way... (And some of these other ideas I wasn't even aware of, they look pretty solid too...)

I often think of Thomas Edison's quote on subjects like this "I have not failed. I've just found 10,000 ways that won't work." Hopefully there will be a similar scientist/s who makes the key breathrough in this complex fusion puzzle soon.

Never seen a single time that they quoted total power in electricity and total power they would get out in electricity. Hope they do it but I don’t see it for 50-60 years. The net gain they will quote will be in energy in and energy made not that the energy out when turned to electricity will be 40% of the energy made as heat even for ITER

21:32 YES! THANK you for the plug for Climeworks!

The best way to find growth stocks, key features to keep in mind is as follows: 1. Ensure gross margins are greater than 50% 2. Ensure P/E ratio is less than 100 3. Buy companies that are PROFITABLE, very important irrespective of sector. 4. Debt to equity ratio is less than 30% 5. Current ratio is above 1 6. and a Float under 100 million One stock that fits the bill is FLGT (Fulgent)

I like Tokamak Energy in that they quickly jumped to build magnetic coils from now-available high-temperature-superconductor wires. A lot in fusion scales very favourably (and strongly) with increasing magnetic field, so cheap, strong magnets are key to business.

0:15 "nuclear fusion is always fifty years away". Took me 7 words to deliver the joke. That guy's gift of overcomplicating things is next level.

Those two ending statements have me so so sold on working on it too. Pre-industrial atmosphere? A utopia for our kids? jesus christs lets go.

Department of Energy pulled off net positive before the private sector. that's crazy. very cool video though, hope everyone keeps at it

I loved it's idea of excluding Turbines and steams as to cut down cost and prevent undermining efficiency Simply to the point period.

Progress is definitely being made. Very exciting times. Am particularly impressed by the "direct to electricity" technology. My bet is a private company will generate Net Energy first. I sure hope they find multiple pathways to generating Net Energy.

Experts working on this, the world is watching, we need this as soon as possible, please, never tire and do 100% to save our species.

Those last possibilities are just mind blowing

Something that wasn't talked about: The fuel. Short version: the technical challenge with fusion is not only the getting the plasma hot enough part efficiently enough Long versione: The lowest temperature fusion reaction we can do is deuterium (D) + tritium (T) to helium and a neutron. All other reactions require factors more of temperature/particle energy. Deuterium you can get from water (although it only makes up ~0.02% of the hydrogen in natural water). Tritium is radioactive and has a short half-life, so every bit of tritium on earth was generated by humans, either through atom bombs or nuclear reactors or accelerators. You can use the neutron that comes out of the D-T fusion to do another nuclear reaction with lithium that produces one tritium atom and a helium atom. But the technologies surrounding the entire process of recovering that tritium are not completely solved either.

In 2006 MIT President Hochfield visited my alumni club in Dallas. After a great presentation she asked for questions. I said "In 1971 I worked on a problem set for a fusion reactor containment vessel. It's been 35 years, so where are they?" She replied that the head of the Nuclear Engineering Department had told her "Thirty five years, but this time we mean it". It's been 16 more years Where are they? Some of this seems promising, but I want to see something before I hit 100.

"Fusion energy is just 30 years away.. and always will be."

I like the company in seattle's idea most, it does feel like your missing something substantial when you've got fusion on the 1 side then on the other is steam.. it just doesn't look right

Fusion would be great . But in the meantime , why aren’t we going with walk away safe environmentally friendly long proven Thorium molten salt reactors that doesn’t need to be by a body of water and can built almost any where ? China is pushing hard to have these plants and is almost past the pilot plant stage and since thorium is very abundant it makes for long lasting cheap clean energy.

Question? Q = E out ÷ E in What are the elements considered in Q ? Would you measure the energy that was used to make the materials of the project / reactor? When will that achieve break even. Not only power input is "Q E in". Footprint of all elements must be considered. So if the highest break-even is 0.7 what were the factors used to measure this. Thank you.

to capture electrons i uses slowing valve. The valves become negatively and positively charged and help the reactor to produce more fuel.

Hope they figure it out. Going to need this soon with all the cars getting plugged in. Each car is about the same a 50 refrigerators.

Scientists, real life superheroes. Ya'll are the best of us.

It's like a marathon where it doesn't matter who wins as long as someone finishes the race. The more runners there are, the more likely someone will finish and the sooner it will happen.

This topic give me hope to the 21st century in regards to the energy challenges!

Some of these startups are really creative, and will probably have other technological applications too

What an amazing documentary. You guys nailed it. Great explanation of a complex system to the layman level. Thank you. You have earned a new subscriber 👍👍

A fusion reactor uses deuterium and tritium for fuel. Deuterium can be extracted from water but tritium is radioactive and must be synthesized and it must be made in the actual reactor. Since the reactor consumes the same number of deuterium as tritium atoms it is far from evident that enough tritium to keep the reactor running can be produced. That is only one of the many hurdles that the the fusion startups will have to overcome. One of the companies that are presented in the video is General Fusion. I have followed their winding path from their start in 2002 and I have come to the conclusion that the method they propose to compress the liquid lithium cannot possibly work. They claim that it does, but to the best of my knowledge they have not presented any proof to support the claim. Please enlighten me if I am wrong.

I’m seriously impressed by the scientific importance and the world wide scientists dedicated to solving the hundreds of problems found attempting to solve the fusion over the decades on this problem. However there are two serious questions I have . First off gravity. Right now we are using superconductors under 1 g but what would happen if we were to say use this in space under 0g or under huge pressure such as deep sea to replicate other atmospheric conditions or gravity close or on to super gas giants or close to our own sun , surly this would alter the plasmas ? My second question is in regards to energy production- right now we are attempting to generate enough power so it can sustain and produce power of unlimited levels , but up till now power stations have had to be flexible enough to cope with the chaotic grid where energy demand fluctuates the ultimate goal isn’t that it can generate more power but the fact that it can ramp up or down as no country has a constant demand and the cost to wire this up nationwide would have as many technical hurdles as creating fusion without the huge losses My final question come regarding fusion reactor design- with so much heat why are the scientists not looking at secondary capture to generate power from the heated sections no only to generate power but help self sustain the reaction demand requirements, surly we can use the principles behind solar thermal and geothermal to generate huge amounts of power indirectly Instead of trying to generate more power than it consumes, we get the reactor to be self sustaining and generate via secondary methods instead to power turbines , heat salt banks , water to steam generators etc

Commercial fusion reactors were since my childhood 10-15 years away. Classic moving target. Now 60 years later I am afraid that I will never see it in action 🥺

world need this technology a lot

Jobs will pay your bills business will make you rich but investment makes and keep you wealthy the future is inevitable

I got it. Try spinning a magnetic field around it. Put the entire fusion chamber in a machine that can crush it magnetically and grind high magnetic force against it to add more pressure and heat. Something like that. Maybe mix it with preheated liquid metal. TBH i think itll end in disaster the first time it has a run away effect but, we have to learn somehow i guess.

If private fusion companies ever get to an actual commercial product… I really hope that they are able to acknowledge that all research has been through public funding and cooperation.. not competition

The Silicon Valley approach may or may not yield directly useful results, but one thing it will do _for sure,_ is rapidly expand our understanding of the way fusion works. In that sense, it is guaranteed to bring us closer to commercial fusion energy production faster than the government-backed projects alone could. My hope is simply that the monetary incentive to eschew safety and environmental concerns that are ever-present in the commercial sector aren't so big that they are heeded. Let us try not to repeat the mistakes of our predecessors.

Living in a country dominated by murdoch media, I nearly forgot how informative balanced journalism can be, thanks folks!

Thank you. A great source of information

True renewable is where waste can be used in a recycling ♻️ process to greatly improve net gain.

I hope this gets documented yearly and they visit other companies, they must check what the Chinese are doing. They cannot be interviewing the same companies over and over again. This is a fascinating tech.

Greenwald limit on density of fusion fuel at a given temperature was found to be twice as high as previously thought. The first reactor to exploit the new fuel density limits will make the fastest progress to net energy.

One problem though is the heavy hydrogen used will be in short supply. All that's used right now to initiate and sustain. I suppose larger reactions for longer may allow the light nucleus hydrogen to be used but that's not clear yet I've been told by people in the field. Of course all must be painted optimistically to keep the funding taps on though.

4 months ago, they thought it would take 20 years. Anything’s possible.

Fusion is needed for military and space applications, not necessarily for civilian purposes. Smart grids, integrating solar, wind, geothermal and water are all readily available on a large scale and offer significantly lower per kw/h prices that fusion or fission plants, while fusion has been "only 20 years away" for over five decades. There isn't a single private insurer on the planet willing to cover the risks for even the most modern fission plants.

Of course these private companies are going to say fusion is right around the corner because that is how they get people to invest in their company

Net-zero is ambitious, but it's exciting to see this coming online! My mom will be so excited!

I agree with the last point. Recapturing the Co2 from the atmosphere will require a tremendous amount of energy, and we do not have a way to cleanly generate that energy right now

What an incredibly well narrated and developed mini documentary. More like this please.

You'll just completely ignore thorium... Fine. But cold or hot fusion has been 20 years away since I was a little kid... And it's still going to be 20 years away.

I hope we come up with a valid approach to sustained fusion. Imagine a world with cheap energy and no more fossil fuels. The approach that I liked is the direct energy transfer rather than going to steam as most other methods mentioned here.

Very exciting times. I wish I was my nephews age. They'll be in there mid-20's when this technology is coming into it's own.