A Path to Better Programming • Robert "Uncle Bob" Martin & Allen Holub • GOTO 2021

День тому

This interview was recorded for the GOTO Book Club. #GOTOcon #GOTOBookClub
gotopia.tech/bookclub
Robert C. Martin (Uncle Bob) - Author of "Clean Code" & "The Clean Coder", Co-author of the Agile Manifesto
Allen Holub - Author of "Holub on Patterns" & "Taming Java Threads"
DESCRIPTION
Join a high level overview of best practices and wise words on how programming should be approached from Uncle Bob, author of “Clean Code,” and Allen Holub, software architect and agile coach. They cover some of the existing guides that can help you become a better programmer and explore how books and current trends are shaping the software landscape.
The interview is based on Uncle Bob's book "Clean Code": amzn.to/3soPO6k
TIMECODES
00:00 Intro
01:21 If you were to write the book again, what would you change?
03:53 How to get devs to think from an architectural perspective?
08:33 Why read a book by Uncle Bob?
12:10 Learning, teaching, experience
15:13 Ways to learn faster
22:12 Remote working
27:52 Ethics of being a programmer
30:14 Outro
Read the full transcription of the interview here:
gotopia.tech/bookclub/episode...
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
Uncle Bob • Clean Code • amzn.to/3soPO6k
Uncle Bob • Clean Coder • amzn.to/3dhEPWX
Uncle Bob • Clean Architecture • amzn.to/3x0gjBQ
Uncle Bob • Clean Agile • amzn.to/3fEqTrO
Uncle Bob • Agile Software Development • amzn.to/3qIk2lf
Allen Holub • Holub on Patterns • amzn.to/3g8Is3u
Allen Holub • Taming Java Threads • amzn.to/3mLNYdI
Gamma, Helm, Johnson & Booch • Design Patterns • amzn.to/3sPJ8yk
Tom DeMarco • Structured Analysis and System Specification • amzn.to/39IjdRH
Fred Brooks Jr. • The Mythical Man-Month • amzn.to/31NJc5C
David Marquet • Turn the Ship Around! • amzn.to/39LfDGa
/ gotocon
/ goto-
/ gotoconferences
#Programming #CleanCode #CleanCoder #UncleBob #AllenHolub #RobertCMartin #SoftwareArchitecture #SoftwareEngineering #Ethics #ProgrammingEthics #AgileManifesto #Agile #AgileDevelopment
SUPPORTER
This episode of the GOTO Book Club was made possible thanks to the support of GOTOpia.tech. Created for developers, by developers, the GOTO event series goes beyond annual conferences held in Chicago, Amsterdam and Copenhagen: you can also join online conferences, online masterclasses and meetups with top creators and leaders in tech year-round.
And if joining one of these top-rated events isn't enough to satisfy your hunger for the latest in tech, you can watch over a thousand high-quality talks on the GOTO UKposts channel - subscribe now for new videos released (almost) daily and join GOTO in person or online at any upcoming conferences using the promo code ‘bookclub’.
gotopia.tech
Looking for a unique learning experience?
Attend the next GOTO conference near you! Get your ticket at gotopia.tech
SUBSCRIBE TO OUR CHANNEL - new videos posted almost daily.
ukposts.info...

КОМЕНТАРІ: 150

@brian2090 2 роки тому

Uncle Bob, if you ever meander through these comments, know that there are developers in their twenties that are reading your work, Design Patterns, DDD, Fowler's Refactoring, etc. We are few and far between, but we do exist, and we appreciate you old cooks for doing the hard work for us!

@jeet.prakash 3 роки тому

"If it's a good idea, the good idea tends to spread, unless there's somebody at the management level working hard to make it not spread" - Allen Holub

@theawt 3 роки тому

exactly. this is why I left my previous job. Management worked hard to repress good ideas.

@chandrabhan3962 3 роки тому

@@theawt! 8😭l

@letsbesane 2 роки тому

The problem with software development is that you find out that your rookie developers good idea turned out a year or more later to trap you with a product that is in not maintainable. Oops.

@mauriciorossi8477 2 роки тому

yes and no, there is the counter force that things that are healthy take more effort than other options with initially seemingly equal benefits and that tends to dissuade people. Especially when they have strict deadlines.

@LeutnantJoker Рік тому

I'm 42 years old and I read a ton of these books. And While I joined the developers a bit later and don't have 20 years of experience on my belt yet, I can honestly say... yes... most teams out there suffer from Junior overload. Even the architects and lead designers have absolutely no clue what they're doing. I've seen so much messy code it's incredible. Agile usually means daily standups and then do everything like you did before, including having zero customer feedback. Three companies I worked for openly told me they have zero idea how their software is even being used or who is using it. It's a hot mess out there and most interview questions ask about some of these book titles but when you enter the company you realize nobody in the company ever read them, because you can see every principle of every single book being violated in the codebase, and half the time most developers don't even have a grasp of the language they're using.

@ChrisAthanas 11 місяців тому

Well said

@manishm9478 4 місяці тому

Haha yup. When i joined my current company a senior developer got me to study the SOLID principles. So i did that, then soon realised neither he nor anyone else in the team actually followed them 😳😂😂

@sciros Рік тому

The trick is to turn these books, these ancient tomes, into TikTok or UKposts shorts or FB reels or whatever they are. That's how the "youth culture" would consume them.

@lautaroramos8795 2 роки тому

Two complete masters of software. I think they don't or can't really dimension the contribution they did to the world of programming and computer systems. What a pride to hear this two.

@gcbelitedigital 2 роки тому

I'm still a student learning java, and doesn't understand most of the topics but I love how passionate they are talking about the deep concepts of what I'm currently learning. This is surprisingly motivating 💖

@AhmadRadi Рік тому

get back to them after 2-3 years and you will understand

@ChrisAthanas 11 місяців тому

University Computer Science is now considered harmful

@czerewacz 3 роки тому

Amazing talk!! 😃 Thanks for the great content 💪🏻

@concretetoy54 3 роки тому

I'd listen either of them for more than an hour

@dewdop 3 роки тому

Very disappointed this isn't at least that long TBH.

@mauriciorossi8477 2 роки тому

Excited for the new book, will be looking out for it!

@RU-qv3jl Рік тому

This video was great to watch. Thanks to the organisers for organising it and thanks to Allen and Bob for talking so well and intelligently about these topics.

@MisterDan 3 роки тому

Many thanks for your talk!

@animahon Рік тому

as a guy in his 20th who develops software in both C# and C++ on a daily basis, I have to say: The biggest challenge for me when designing code is knowing what architecture will yield best result, but also future proof in some extent. This is something that comes with experience, but I try to think in modules. That every function if possible should do one thing, and be reusable. But at the same time, I'm held back by legacy code which has a big as smell to it. Something that forces me to adopt to the senior guys convention, even tho they agree with me on refactoring things and making things cleaner. We're restricted by time and resources.

@gabrielvilchesalves6406 3 роки тому

Thank you all for this conversation. :)

@ozgengungor8185 3 роки тому

Marquet’s latest book (Leadership is language) is equally fascinating as Turn the ship around. Highly recommended if you want people to collaborate effectively as well as feel empowered

@pliyosenpai 3 роки тому

Thanks, Ozgen, will check it out!

@onemile1441 2 роки тому

Thanks for recommendation bro ✊

@FloatingSunfish 3 роки тому

Beem waiting for this ever since I saw the announcement! There's always room for improvement in one's coding practices. ☺️♥️

@dsmyify 3 роки тому

Coding practice or software development practice?

@FloatingSunfish 3 роки тому

@@dsmyify Pretty much both, but don't they mean the same thing?

@ottorask7676 3 роки тому

@@FloatingSunfish Software development encompasses things like user research and design and product management and all that jazz, so not really.

@FloatingSunfish 3 роки тому

@@ottorask7676 Ah, true. It's a much bigger scope.

@dewdop 3 роки тому

Holy shit it's finally here. And it's only 30 minutes long lol Edit: they're in disagreement enough to make this quite productive IMO, thank you very much to all involved.

@hyeokk7062 2 роки тому

Best video ever. Love u uncle bob!

@zoom0211 3 місяці тому

Wonderful discussion, wonderful people! I'd like to see more videos like this one.

@AdityaYadav-ev5rm 2 роки тому

great video educative as well as funny at the same time..

@adipratapsinghaps Рік тому

There is so much maturity in this talk

@chad1755 Рік тому

As someone with 8 years professional experience (20+ years programming), this video talk comes off as a "get off my lawn you young whippersnappers!" attitude, especially from Bob. An example is he laughs off the "legitimate" criticism that a code architecture that's over-engineered with design patterns INCREASES complexity and code count, not reduces it. But Bob laughs it off as "kids tearing through the place". In fact through most of the talk Bob seems more interested in laughing at his own one-liners than having an actual meaningful conversation.

@theodorealenas3171 Рік тому

I love it. I love all boomer rants for some reason. But you call yourself "Chad".

@sasukesarutobi3862 Рік тому

One hack for managers who oppose mob programming: call it a meeting (or even something like an "active meeting"). That'll either help reduce their opposition to it, or will help build their opposition to all meetings.

@Sledno1 3 роки тому

I'm a simple man, I see Uncle Bob in the title, I watch the video.

@aasoftware 2 роки тому

Two of my favorite speakers/teachers in the same conversation. Incredible:)

@eduardpopescu9109 3 роки тому

This talk is GOLD! Watch and learn.

@mikhailgolubitsky9447 2 роки тому

I would be excited to read a book on Clojure by Uncle Bob!

@tomaszp2580 Рік тому

Its so lovely when They both laughting :D

@martinnicolas1399 3 роки тому

11:34 is truth - I spent 2 months building a feature that was already done on Excel just because people wanted to have it in the web application... It is supposed to be used 2 times a year, approximately 1 hour each time...

@ArchimedesTrajano 3 роки тому

I miss Uncle Bob! This is awesome.

@enkaypeter9313 3 роки тому

This talk was educative and fun to watch.

@theascendunt9960 Рік тому

@Jonas Jonaitis Alright, grumpy grandpa. You can have fun talking about serious topics. The speakers were doing it.

@centerfield6339 2 роки тому

Hoping for a Jordan Peterson collaboration: Clean Room.

@trozzonick77 3 роки тому

I read most of them Uncle Bob. Thanks for all you done for our sector and make our life easier !!

@oluwaseunsorinola7039 2 роки тому

Can you help with a list of these books

@sergeiretsia2871 Рік тому

@@oluwaseunsorinola7039 Clean Code, Clean Architecture - that's the ones I read

@ProgrammingMadeEZ 3 роки тому

If it weren't for Allen's propensity to block anyone who disagrees with him he'd be worth listening to.

@antonfilipov9747 3 роки тому

Similar observation. Alan is a pile of strong opinions, I don't understand why he acts like being on the proficiency level of Bob. He criticizes the ideas in his books implying that they are not important and presents his "superior" viewpoints. This guy is quite balooned

@stephenweber33 2 роки тому

I tasked myself to keep watching Bob Martin videos until at least I found one that explains why he is called Uncle... I would like him and his track to disciplining the coding world to meet / talk seriously with Paul Hudson.

@benjaminsmith3151 2 роки тому

I hope he does write that book on Clojure. Make it spiral bound, please.

@BryonLape 2 роки тому

Yeah, I'm not sure why most books are not spiral bound.

@samhogy 3 роки тому

"Are any of the young kids out there reading Design Patterns?" - I normally recommend Head First Design Patterns over the GoF book as a better learning opportunity. GoF is a great reference manual for after that.

@devenpatel2 3 роки тому

young kids should not be reading design patterns. You'll never appreciate it unless you have perspective. it would be like like teaching integration before they learn algebra.

@samhogy 3 роки тому

@@devenpatel2 Agreed for the design patterns book itself. But people do come onto grad schemes wanting to learn about 'best practice' - the trick is to teach alongside the context. GoF expects you to have the context, which you absolutely would have if you were coding when the book came out. It was essentially describing and putting names to things you were doing *anyway*. Head First Design Patterns is a really nice introductory text that takes a working example and describes where design patterns are useful, in the right context. Definitely worth a read even if you know these like the back of your hand.

@jensBendig 3 роки тому

I often ask the same questions, but shorter: "Are any of the young kids out there reading?"

@asciidiego 3 роки тому

What’s the issue with GoF?

@SimpleNot1759 3 роки тому

The Introduction from there is great and fruitful of thoughts, but other parts is very bounded to Java and C++ from the era of 90s

@lgylym 2 роки тому

Uncle bob has his own airplane? Good for him!

@mtxset 2 роки тому

These two look like sales guys. 16 min. in just book suggestions and vagueness. Not one specific example like: recently I've been working on this and used this and this helped me achieved this. Sounds like: what I'm saying is so good and it works, you can read all about it in my books.

@none_the_less 2 роки тому

Hi mate, After I had watched this video, I went to search for more materials authored by Allen, since I had already been acquainted with Bob. So far I feel that I am learning new things that will actually make my life at work better.

@atakkant 2 роки тому

Here are the notes I took for myself from this video: it takes more than 10 years to really understand what is going on under the hood devs are limiting themselves with the given tasks, not considering whole picture mob(pair) programming is best for learning and getting things done at the same time remote working is killing collaborativity and doesn't let mob programming

@TheOnlyAndreySotnikov 2 роки тому

It's all BS. Most of Martin revelations is his personal struggle with his own personal issues. He takes it and tries imposing it on every developer as a universal moral imperative. Find the actual code that Martin created and check that it sucks.

@tomvahlman8235 Рік тому

Agree, too much sell pitch from Martin, although thanks to Holub very interesting discussions, think mob-programming and pair-programming is good ideas for increased learning and productivity.

@MrBjeld 2 роки тому

Clean Code book is the greatest book i ever read.

@JiffyJames85 3 роки тому

I would argue DDD became popular as we got more developed frameworks, such as Spring for Java, that help you remove boiler plate and isolate business logic. DDD can be difficult to manage when you're elbow deep in boiler plate. It's also difficult to visualize DDD when you're having to keep all your business logic in a tight realm.

@BryonLape 2 роки тому

Back then, I wrote my own frameworks to hide the boiler plate.

@jvmadhav1987 3 роки тому

I would request people to go to cleancoder podcast and listen to “Greatest programming books you might have ever heard of” by Uncle Bob.

@M0rd7ust 3 роки тому

The submarine has about 110 people staff, not 50 or 60 as stated by Allen at 18:20. And there is considerable hierarchy, which makes captain's achievement even more impressive. Anyway, I read the book, too (twice).

@manishm9478 4 місяці тому

Yup, and David Marquet found a bunch of other little innovations that played a role in making the system work. Thinks like raising the crew's competence as he delegated authority, instead of dropping it on them all at once. Or handling failures in a no-blame way - looking at the system causes, not the people. Or encouraging frequent communication - talking out loud about your intentions, so others can overhear and understand your intent.

@ViktorFerenczi 2 роки тому

Time and money spent on commuting is also a cost which developers can avoid if they don't go to the office. Consider this as well.

@JanWestin 2 роки тому

Golden :)

@KulaGGin 2 роки тому

Uncle Bob! Yay, the John Connor of programmers!

@peanutcelery 7 місяців тому

I find it amusing that uncle bob is in a channel called goto; as someone who advocates against using gotos

@willemvdk4886 2 роки тому

I actually bought his book after watching this video a few months ago. Came back to say I was NOT disappointed. On the contrary. I wish I had read this 10 years ago. This is a mandatory read for EVERY professional programmer. Period.

@CameronOlivier Рік тому

which book are you referring to? there are MANY recommended :P

@willemvdk4886 Рік тому

@@CameronOlivier Clean Code. But Clean Architecture is great too. As a sequel ;)

@CameronOlivier Рік тому

@@willemvdk4886 Clean code is great! still need to read Clean Architecture :D it's on the (very long) list....

@raticus79 Рік тому

Clean Clojure as the last book for clean closure would earn some style points for sure

@Satsu42 2 роки тому

I would buy the Clojure book.

@soymichelo75 8 місяців тому

welcome to 2023, new watcher, when the book featuring Clojure is about to be released on Halloween's day: "Functional Design: Principles, Patterns, and Practices"

@TheChillBison Рік тому

It seems to me, from what I've seen of junior developers, that schools are teaching people (or they're learning on their own) how to CODE (i.e. syntax) but not how to PROGRAM (i.e. clean code), and they just have no concept that architecturally their code is a mess, and that's why things take so long to roll out (even in a greenfield project), are so buggy (because it's really hard to test large convoluted functions), and is just generally a chore to deal with. In my opinion schools should just assign Clean Code/Architecture and Refactoring as the main textbooks every single year, and then tangentially learn some programming languages. At my school, CS101 started with C++ datatypes, recursion, etc, etc, but never once was testing, TDD, refactoring, or clean code brought up, let alone taught.

@theodorealenas3171 Рік тому

We have one such subject, it's called software systems, and the professor gives Kent Beck vibes. But I struggle to make things work at all, I can't focus on principles. Plus the rest of the team doesn't care, and we also struggle to collaborate with the team at all. I'm not sure it'd be better even if we learned principles from earlier, because we just have to learn them later.

@jensBendig 3 роки тому

The fear of control-inversion is on many levels.

@marknunes8444 2 роки тому

When I hear "Test driven development" I'm thinking, "I do that. Every time I make a change I test it to see if it works". Then I realize pretty much everyone tests their code to see if it works after every change.

@MrBadPriest Рік тому

Well, yeah. But you got it backwards - _test driven_ development. In TDD, the tests come before the production code.

@isanrodrigueztrimino6701 3 роки тому

Uncle Bob, I do read Design Patterns

@methedudeful 3 роки тому

I read Design Patterns. Pat, pat

@-Jason-L 3 роки тому

What's been overlooked by many regarding working remote: "It works" is not the same as "it works as well", or "it works better". Most have simply reverted to virtual cubes.

@kevinkkirimii 3 роки тому

Too many frameworks are blinding the new programmer of today to understand the basic building blocks of their programs and the necessity of having a good architecture . A large number of frameworks give the promise of out of the box clean architecture and agile features and all these buzz words when in reality most aren't and so trying to tell a programmer that is dependent on these about design patterns and so on is just a futile mission.

@grumpy_juan 3 роки тому

I love the way these guys showed me how ignorant I am, I need to go book shopping ASAP.

@count7ero 5 місяців тому

Let's be honest about it, they are crooks in the business of selling hours. It looks like they are creating the illusion of smaller cost of change by significantly increasing the cost of initial development. What precise metric would you employ to have this in perspective? For reference, my metrics are volume of codebase (loc, number of classes, number of methods, anything is fine with me here). and cyclomatic complexity. Both these metrics correlate naturally with cognitive load. If i measure the codebase of a project implemented with economy in mind (using any of my metrics) and then measure the codebase of the same project made with Clean Architecture. In this project the codebase is orders of magnitude bigger!!! The change always looks the same!

@vikramkrishnan6414 2 роки тому

The bottle neck IMHO is not zoom vs in person, it is sync vs async.

@Storytelless 5 місяців тому

"How does a military captain pull that off? " easy. His team is not agile, they have clear chain of command and instructions. While self-organized agile developers tend to have their own opinions and beliefs 😌

@RPWPA Рік тому

While this was very informative, it felt like most of the talk was about good ideas and thoughts but the final part was just complaining specially as the focus on it was mainly in terms of an organizational POV rather than an employee at least for most of it. It was still a good video nonetheless. The key points I got out of this is that just because a book is old, doesn't mean it has less values, that people should seek human to human connection tho you don't need to do that by going into an office every day and a change in the way to work/think about coding, architecture and the way to work itself can be helpful yet may be met with a difficult audience.

@mehmoodrehman6336 3 роки тому

love uncle bob

@marcbotnope1728 2 роки тому

Structured Analysis and System Specification - No one reads it as it's $55 dollars with no ebok version.

@LPFan33 2 роки тому

This could easily be 2.5h long and I'm disappointed it isn't

@Kenbomp 2 роки тому

Remote is meh now because the software environment for it hasn't been developed yet. The world has evolved since unix days.

@ilovecokeslurpees 2 роки тому

Rust is the language of the future. It is why Linux is slowly adding it in to the Kernel.

@--JYM-Rescuing-SS-Minnow 2 роки тому

🥰

@kylekermgard 3 роки тому

Uncle bob needs a better mic setup.

@GG-uz8us 2 роки тому

Totally agree. You saving money by loosing discipline and productivity.

@theodorealenas3171 Рік тому

Maybe this is a dumb place for such a question, but as an undergraduate, is there hope I'll avoid the miserable stories people tell from working in companies? At least, what's the shortest path out of them?

@craigfreeman8225 3 роки тому

Im confused because I thought Allen was really not a fan of Bob on a personal level

@dewdop 3 роки тому

Professionalism 🤷

@ojrask 3 роки тому

Not being a fan does not mean there can't be constructive discussion about things.

@godblessCL 3 роки тому

Im dealing with EJB right now.

@saturnteatree Рік тому

Was this video about the path to programming or a whole bunch of old guys that don’t like change?

@StanLTU 3 роки тому

I love you Bob. Your my hero! I do programming every working day and that is my favourite thing to do since young age.

@dunga309 3 роки тому

Can you add subtitles, please? I can hardly follow Allen's rant... He must be the fastest speaker in the world...

@kitkarson4226 2 роки тому

Honestly I am seeing this in my workplace as well. there are many people who simply write code w/o understanding design principles. I am seeing if block within if block within...5 levels deep. It is so annoying. What about code review? do not even ask for this. there are many people who take things personally.

@ediltonsiqueira9404 2 роки тому

The sad part is this cognitive dissonance about improvement gets worse with matters of infrastructure. Code is something you can refactor with more or less autonomy, even behind the scenes, even under bad architecture. But try to turn around a ship based on hardware dependencies that could harm the service lifecycle in the long term. Some managers often put their crews to swim along with sharks because their teeth seem familiar and expect the crew to deal with bitings by themselves without complaining. In such circumstances, ITSM is less of a sitcom and more of a doomsday movie. And it happens more often than people think.

@rommellagera8543 2 роки тому

I always say there is no agility in developing good and reliable software. It will always take time whatever methodolgy you use. I hope senior dev tell new dev that developing IT solution is long and tedious process with no viable shortcuts. Delivering solution is more about commitment than technical knowledge. If you are committed you can find ways to learn what is needed.

@matheusmurray2425 Рік тому

Its not tedious, all this designing process is incredibly fun

@rommellagera8543 Рік тому

@@matheusmurray2425 I am lost at your comment, so you mean software development is fun, fast and agile?

@theodorealenas3171 Рік тому

I agree with the point, but I believe agile means maneuverable, not fast. "Manifesto for agile software development"

@br3nto 2 роки тому

Geez these guys are very bitter and jaded

@stannone7272 3 роки тому

Those old farts are a treasure!

@urbaniv 2 роки тому

Sorry but that was a really really bad intro. Because I thought that is the video, just fast cuts.. Brrr I wanted to turn it off and than I realized that was only the intro

@marweck 3 роки тому

"Thank God we don't have to deal with EJBs anymore". Amen

@danielt63 5 місяців тому

This is fun to watch and all, but I can't help but see the irony in two people talking remotely about how remote doesn't work. 😕

@BryonLape 2 роки тому

This chat is way too short.

@gargleblasta 3 роки тому

Pick Kotlin :P

@mskiptr 3 роки тому

Just use functional design patterns :P

@gargleblasta 3 роки тому

@@mskiptr of course. But Bob was wondering which language he would pick for his book...

@xtinctspecies 3 роки тому

Anything that doesn’t use the JVM would be fine. Thanks

@gargleblasta 3 роки тому

@@xtinctspecies the jvm isn't really relevant when it is about the functionality of a language

@zoomoutful 3 роки тому

Holub means Pigeon in Ukrainian

@ericbwertz 3 роки тому

Maybe that's why he craps on so much stuff :-).

@karpuzye 3 роки тому

cok bir sey konusmamislar da abartmayi seven nerd tayfa abartir simdi oo super muhabbet falan

@denisblack9897 2 роки тому

SOLVE A PROBLEM, STOP INVENTING NEW WAYS TO SOLVE A PROBLEM, JUST SOLVE A FUCKING PROBLEM! DO NOT CREATE PROBLEMS SOLVE THEM!

@drjoaoventura 3 роки тому

Programmers should have the same martial artists karate 🥋 and chief🧑🏽‍🍳 mindset

@BryonLape 2 роки тому

Allen seems to be in a studio. Uncle Bob is in a tin can.

@victorolvera6482 7 місяців тому

at around 17:11 - inserting a seed of cognitive dissonance.

@victorolvera6482 7 місяців тому

at around 17:55 Alas in the military its a dictatorship no room for democracy. Bootcamp used to insert a subtle case of stalkholm syndrome into the recruits before letting them go on in the Navy. I hear that is changing but I know that was the way a couple decades ago.

@victorolvera6482 7 місяців тому

at around 25:09 modular programming might help that situation. Kind of like how parts of a smart phone are made in completely different parts of the world and somehow they all come together in the end.