I am using the restored Classical Latin pronunciation in this video. This is how Latin was spoken by Caesar and Cicero, according to linguists. Another common model is the ecclesiastical pronunciation. It is used by the Catholic Church and is taught in Italian schools. This pronunciation is based on modern Italian phonology. In particular, it doesn't distinguish between short and long vowels and it uses the sounds /t͡ʃ/ (English ⟨ch⟩) and /d͡ʒ/ (English ⟨j⟩) as in Italian.

I'm italian and this video just made me realise that the future active participle in italian kind of still exists in a couple of fixed expressions. The first one that came to my mind is "nascituro" ("naturus" in latin) which means "the one who's about to be born". Ok so from now on imma start using it for every verb and not just "nascere". Italian will have a participio futuro again! Edit: i also just discovered that the word "morituro" exists in italian too

Sardinian is considered the most conservative Romance language, meaning it's probably the most similar to Latin. It would be nice to see someone make a comparison video of those two.

interesting video. As someone who lived in Rome for 7 years, I learned Italian and that helped me understand a lot of the Latin inscriptions in that city so they are fairly similar

11:57 that was really surprising to hear that the word 'future' is a future participle of the verb 'to be' in Latin and it came in this form into English (and remained in it in modern Romance languages)

I'm Polish and I learned Latin in school years ago, although back then the pronunciation we were taught was different. It was nice watching this video because it reminded me of the things I already knew, but simply forgot due to not using this summa summarum beautiful language in my daily life.

Excellent explanation!! I'm from Argentina, native language is Spanish. I speak Italian and also learnt a bit of Latin at school.

"That doesn't mean Romans yelled all the time." I dunno dude if you listen to Italians today i wouldn't be suprised if Romans did yell all the time.

Buongiorno. I am Japanese and this video is much interesting although I 've never learned Latin nor Italian in my life. It's interesting to see how similar vocabulary between Latin and Italian and how different grammars are. I know that there are many Latin loan words in English and Western civilization has been constructed on Roman past. As a middle aged Japanese who loves literature and history, I recommend for young European students to learn Latin seriously. Because now I feel regret about that I didn't study classical Japanese and classical Chinese very well in my school age.

Overall the discussion is well done but there are two inaccuracies: - copy, understood as quantity, is still used in high and supervised linguistic fields ("used in large quantities") _ Italian has not lost the gerund (doing, eating, sleeping) but rather the gerundive which is translated with a passive periphrasis like the example given (delenda est=must be destroyed) Greetings and congratulations

Great video !

i am a tagalog speaker and a chabacano speaker its fascinating i can recognize some words and understand without reading the English subtitles

My school wasted five years allegedly teaching me Latin in the time-honoured British style of learning by rote; unfortunately my French teachers used exactly the same method. Several years later I went to teach English in Italy; I had already learned German in Germany, and although IMHO Italian is the harder language for native English speakers, I learned it reasonably quickly. I still can't speak French, but I am an English-German and English-Italian interpreter (having gone back to school at 45) and I'm using my knowledge of Italian to learn Latin as it was spoken. Modern Welsh has a lot of loan words from Latin as it has come down to us from the native language in Britannia when it was a Roman province.

I'm Italian and I studied Latin for two years in high school. If the word order were as in Italian, and there were no cases with prepositions as in Italian instead, I think it would seriously be 90-95% mutually intelligible with Italian. Because the significant changes are not shown in orthography, therefore two speakers (supposedly, a native Italian, and a native Latin come back from the dead I know) would pronounce things very differently but they'd be safely able to understand each other on paper. Latin verbs suck, and it's by far the worst part about the language (although I still had good marks), especially because many forms are so similar to the Italian ones but they must be used in completely different ways. Those damned passive forms, and all the differences between the conjugations. Cases on the other hand are not hard. I think the teacher even went too slow making us learn them, it took us a year and a half, while I think you could skip some unnecessary details (the everlasting "exceptions" at the end of the page, which the teacher absolutely wanted you to know for the test) and learn all of them 5 declensions in less than a school year. But in the end I have nice memories of Latin at school.

I learned Latin and I love Italian. I can understand quite a bit but not everything. It’s because Italian is more based on spoken Latin then the classical written latin. Gratias tibi ago pro investigatione tua!

I've read an article that said that Portuguese has some remnants of that active future participle with the suffix -douro, but they became nouns and adjectives: Matadouro - that one that's about to kill (this word refers to a place where animals are killed so the meat can be sold after; a slaughterhouse). Vindouro - that one that's about to come (it's like "coming" used as adjective, just like in "the coming year"). Lavadouro - that one that's about to be washed (actually it can be a place where you wash things).

*_Comparison between Proto-Italic/Old Italic, Classical Latin, Vulgar Latin, Romance and Modern and Contemporary Italian:_* *_1. Comparative Linguistic Ancestry:_* *_- Proto-Italic is recognized as the ancestral form of the Italic languages, which include Latin, which in turn derived from ProtoIndoEuropean, which in turn is Kurganian._* *_- Classical Latin is the written and formal form of Latin, used during the classical period of the Roman Empire, derived from Proto-Italic._* *_- Vulgar Latin is the spoken and vernacular form of Latin, which developed from Classical Latin._* *_- Romance is the embryonic and emancipatory stage between Vulgar Latin and the individual Romance languages, including Italian, which in turn derives from Vulgar Latin._* *_- Modern and Contemporary Italian is one of the Romance languages, derived from Romance and a national variant of it, and influenced by various historical and social elements._* *_2. Genus, Family and Linguistic Subfamily:_* *_- All languages mentioned belong to the Italic language family, which is a subgroup of Indo-European and Kurganian languages._* *_- Within the Italic languages, Classical Latin, Vulgar Latin, Romance and Italian are classified as Romance languages._* *_3. Comparative Linguistic Species and Subspecies:_* *_- Proto-Italic is considered an ancestral species a derivation and subspecies of ProtoIndoEuropean or Kurganian._* *_- Classical Latin is a subspecies of ancient Latin, characterized by its written form and its influence on Roman literature and culture._* *_- Vulgar Latin is another subspecies of Latin, derived from Classical Latin, which developed as a spoken and vernacular form._* *_- Romance is a subspecies of Vulgar Latin, representing the intermediate stage of transition to the individual Romance languages._* *_- Modern and Contemporary Italian is one of the subspecies of the Romance languages, specifically the Italian variant, that is, a national subspecies of Romance._* *_4. Comparative Sociolinguistics:_* *_- Classical Latin was mainly used by educated people and in the formal spheres of Roman society._* *_- Vulgar Latin was the language spoken by the general population and varied regionally._* *_- Romanesque and Modern and Contemporary Italian are national languages, spoken and used in all spheres of Italian society._* *_5. Comparative Linguistic Geopolitics:_* *_- Classical Latin was the official language of the Roman Empire and widely used throughout its territorial extension._* *_- Vulgar Latin was spoken in the regions of the Roman Empire and evolved into Romance languages in different geographic areas._* *_- The Romanesque was the simplification, regionalization and nationalization of Vulgar Latin and its union with the local languages and dialects of these local languages of each nation._* *_- Modern and Contemporary Italian is the official language of Italy and is also spoken in Italian-speaking communities in other countries._* *_6. Semiotics and Comparative Symbology:_* *_- All languages mentioned have writing systems based on the Latin alphabet._* *_- Each of them has its own semantic and symbolic characteristics that reflect the culture and history of language communities._* *_7. Comparative Grammar:_* *_-Proto-Italic, Old Italic and Common Italic, in addition to sharing convergences and grammatical similarities, are the foundation, the real basis of other later languages such as Latin, Romance and Italian._* *_- Classical Latin and Vulgar Latin share many grammatical features, although with some significant differences, they are the sources of Romance and national Neo-Latin languages such as Italian._* *_- Romance and Modern and Contemporary Italian present specific national and regional grammatical developments, such as the simplification of nominative and accusative cases and the evolution of new verb forms._* *_Final considerations:_* *_-Proto-Italic, Old Italic and Common Italic are the primal basis, the complete oral, written, recorded support of the cultural and logical parts of all other Latin and Neo-Latin languages._* *_This is the language family of Latin and which made it possible for Latin to form its own language family._* *_Within this family, Latin had sister languages such as Falisco, Umbrian and Oscan, also from the Italic family and children of Italic like it._* *_We emphasize this against those who madly and layly falsely maintain that Latin fell from the sky, came from another planet or worse and a magical or divine language and other nonsense that is not worth quoting, avoid such people and authors, they are opportunistic forgers._* *_- Classical Latin is the written and formal form of Latin, while Vulgar Latin is the spoken and vernacular form that gave rise to the Romance languages._* *_- Romance, the simplification of Vulgar Latin, is the embryonic and emancipatory stage between Vulgar Latin, and its simplified speech, Romance plus the local, national, regional and municipal languages in which they all come together to form the national languages and regions of the Neo-Latin nations._* *_- Modern and Contemporary Italian is one of the Romance languages and is a national subspecies of Romance resulting from the fusion of Romance with all the Tuscan dialects of Italy._* *_- Each stage of linguistic evolution represents a transformation and adaptation of the language to social, cultural and geographic needs and influences over time._* *_- The transition from Vulgar Latin to individual Romance languages such as Italian was a gradual and complex process, involving phonetic, grammatical and lexical changes._* *_This whole process of nationalization, regionalization and simplification from Vulgar Latin to Neo-Latin national languages such as Italian we call Romanesque._* *_It is important to note that this is just an overview and simplified view of the linguistic evolution between these languages._* *_Each period and stage has distinct characteristics and regional variations._* *_This is a summary of a much larger vision in the light of today's Linguistics._* *_Good energies, good rest, peace and health in life._* *_Great second half of 2023._* *_See you in next time._* *_Goodbye._*

Great video, I found out a lot about these two languages, as I've never looked into them in my life. Now I'm hoping for another slavic languages comparison 😁. But my wildest dream is that you would make a video about Jamaican Patois. 😅

Nel complesso la trattazione è ben fatta ma vi sono due inesattezze: - copia, intesa come quantità ,viene ancora utilizzata in ambiti linguistici elevati e sorvegliati( " utilizzato in grande copia") _ l'italiano non ha perso il gerundio (facendo,mangiando,dormendo)bensì il gerundivo che viene tradotto con una perifrasi passiva come l'esempio riportato(delenda est=deve essere distrutta) Saluti e complimenti

As I huge fan of Latin, I've to point to a series of stronger points of your video about the evolution of Latin. In general, my esteem is positive, because your video covers the classical scientific viewpoint from the most of readers, various Latin primers. I'm sort of impressed with your intonations, so the video is rather good in its main aspects. I really appreciate your video, even though you forgot to mention Indovinello veronese which could have been bewitchingly interesting for your audience, your subscribers. However, in my opinion, you should have mentioned that the all the Latin grammar rules in your video are incredibly standard. The thing is that the grammar of classical authours is much more complicated than that of elementary readers, like Pro Patria, Ora Maritima, various Latin texts from Jarcho's textbooks. For instance, the popular grammar of Bennet described pretty complex and illogical Greek declensions (as is known, the first Latin writers were Greek, to say nothing of the Greek linguistical influence before the decisive victories of Romans. The types of supinum in various declensions are less complicated, though. The exceptions in the third declensions are well-described by Netushil, a Russian scholar (Bennet is quite good too). As is known, Cicero himself pointed out that his written speech is much clearer, better than that of his letters, to say nothing of his oral speech. In other words, we've been dealing with the oversimplified standard grammar written in the late Antiquity. The alive Latin grammar was certain to be much more complicated that we imagine. I don't whether you get what I attempted to say in this comment. May be, I'm extremely picky, tetchy and cantankerous while describing and discussing your present video in a scientific and dispassionate spirit, so don't pay attention to these carpings. All my above thoughts can be useful in your struggle with prescriptivism. Personally, I'm gonna mention this video in the Cyclopedian or even Wikipedian article about your vlogging, describing this video about Latinity as 'a great achievement'

I learned Latin 2 years in school in Greece. We were taught to read in that way (classical).

In portuguese we have the word "moribundo" which also means "he who is about to die", so the latin sentence could be translated with the same words

I learned italian and i speak sanskrit too i find latin grammar simpler to digest since the cases and the tenses. My native is hindi

In reality in the past the j was used in Italian, it is no coincidence that it was created by Italian humanists like the u, and it was Gian Giorgio Trissino who introduced it in 1524, then abandoned over time; but it remained in some Italian words, then with the American cultural predominance and the introduction of pure loans from English and first French it was introduced into Italian vocabularies, and therefore it became an unofficial letter of the Italian alphabet, but in fact yes, like k, y , x and w. 11:19 In Italian it can be rendered in a short way like the Latin ones, using the word "moribondo" plural moribondi or "morituro" plural morituri (which is the derivation of the same Latin word)

A lot of old Romanian words are directly latin but we don't really use them often.

Would learning Italian first make learning Latin easier? I know Spanish and when I read Latin aloud I can definitely recognize most words even though pronunciation are different but it doesn't translate to fluent understanding. Latin has manny grammar rules and many things needing memorization since Italian is more simple than Latin would it make sense to learn it then go on to Latin?

I had to take three semesters of Latin at university, as a history student, here in Poland. I forgot most of what little I've learned, and only later I realized that they were teaching us the 'Ecclesiastical Latin' pronounciation (despite using many fragments of classical texts). 😅 I guess that it makes some sense, because assuming that some of us would become serious historians, and actually use the knowlage of Latin in our work, it would probably be for medieval and/or early modern sources.

Dude Italian is close to Tuscan and Romance/Romanic idiom in fact. Classic Latin is close to Classic Sardinian and Classic Corsican. Italian received many influence of Cimbric, Langobaric,French, Catalan, Spanish,Portuguese, Istriot very far from Old and classical Latin. Hugs to you.

Interesting

Hi, I think it would also be interesting to make a video on the two main different ways Latin can be pronunced because the way you did it is definitely not how we are taught to pronounce it in Italy 😂.

İ find the question "Do you speak [language]?" rather problematic, because speaking is not the same as writing and understanding (the spoken form vs. the written form). İn my father tongue and in German it's more practical because it's normal to literally ask "Can (you) [language]?" without specifying: speak or write or understand. Anyway, to answer your question: Do İ speak İtalian or Latin? No, İ don't speak İtalian or Latin, yet sometimes İ do understand some spoken İtalian, which for some reason is slightly easier to understand than the written one. And to your second question: No, İ didn't learn Latin in school. Thank you for the video! İ find future participle very interesting indeed. İ wonder if any modern spoken language has something similar.

Great video. 10:48 in English we say "kankerd," not "kankwerd" :)

Copia in Romania is copy but we have copios which means abundance. For mulier we have muiere but it's rarely used, it is considered old and mostly is used in the countrysidem.

Great video! If we have any linguistic questions, is there an email we can contact you by?

Gratias ago tibi pro lectione tua video. Slovak is my mother tongue. I emigrated to USA at age 11, so English is my second tongue. Now I am studying Latin (using LLPSI and UKposts). My impression is that Latin is more structured and efficient (and beautiful?) compared to Italian. Slovak also has seven cases and no articles, hence I have an affinity towards Latin. Latin also has very good phonetic pronunciation, although there is some confusion with the letters V and U.

Id like to say that in the section of Italian words that are from Spanish, the first two aren't from Spanish, they are from Nahuatl, that got into Spanish from Mexico.

4:25

Which language has this logic: Every word starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel, every consonant is followed by a vowel and every vowel follows a consonant, without any digraphs or diphthongs.

Can you tell me why Italian grammar changed grammar and lexicon so much? It is said that rumanian grammar is the closest to latin.

o venator dei sancti cum gladio forti candio tu non perdis viam nocte nec sanguine potulentus

Luke from the UKposts channels, PolýMATHY and ScorpioMarianus; who teaches Latin and dubs film scenes and songs into Latin. He made an entire video explaining why the Romans did actually have the letter J. He might be annoyed at this video.

I speak Spansish and French, I understand Italian a lot because it’s basically French with Spanish pronunciation

Why did the grammar changed so much?

In annō 2022, linguam latīnam discere incēpī domī. Disco librō bonō nōtissimō, nōmine Lingua Latīna per se Īllūstrāta, sed tamen, ego ipse nōn celer lector sum, ergo prāvē tardēque loqui tantum possum. Vōs salūto sodales!

The English "pronunciation" of the names of those classical Latin writers is ... painful. Insane. Ghastly. Horis. Ouvid. Virgil Redneck Smith.

0:25 They HAD "-ius" in their names...

Italian was simplified in both phonetics and grammar. The phonetics is most interesting as Classical Latin had a high concentration of Alarm Sounds which made the Romans highly focussed with a high sense of urgency, as Latin transformed into Italian it lost many of these Alarm Sounds and Italians lost this high sense of urgency, one could say they became more complacent, to understand this theory see ukposts.info/have/v-deo/qJJljmiDhWqQ2ac.html

Would you consider making a video about interslavic language? (Medžuslovjansky jezyk) I know Ukrainian and Russian and therefore I can fully understand interslavic

I honestly call The Italian Language "Modern Latin" 😊

What?? Are you saying latin did not have U? What about vowel u, which is in all masculine nouns?

I'm a Portuguese speaker and some of the words were more similar to Latin than Italian, like: Mulher, ave, mau. Cativo, negócio, ofício mean thr same as their Latin counterparts. The verb "amare" in Latin ("amar" in Portuguese) first plural conjugation is almost the same as Portuguese's "amamos" (pronounced amamus) and the 2nd person singular is also basically the same as the Portuguese "ama".

Latin grammar is very similar to Polish. Except the gerundive.

Actually, the letter K did not exist in classical latin either

Latin is better than Italian, but Franch is more beautiful of romance Languages. Interesting Video.

...5:24 PRONUNCIA LATINA ERRATA... il dittongo AE si pronuncia E: Scaena si pronuncia come in italiano scena! Inoltre la E in CAESAR si pronuncia E come in Italiano e non I: Caesar Non Caisar! STUDIATE PRIMA DI FARE VIDEO!