Roger Penrose is impossible to dislike. He's so kind, respectful, and honest.

People underestimated how well-educated you have to be to moderate this kind of debate!

One of the greatest minds of our time: "I haven't the foggiest idea." It's good to be human.

this moderator is absolutely fantastic. extremely likeable, has basic knowledge to ask the right questions, rarely interrupts etc.

Roger Penrose is the perfect ambassador for science, he is humble, acknowledges when he doesn't know and is skeptical of claims that cannot be easily investigated.

This is what a civil discussion looks like, folks.

You can tell that Bill is enjoying just being able to speak to someone he holds in such high regard very enjoyable

This is how two human beings are to conduct themselves in a serious debate ... good job fellows !!! I am in awe of Dr Craig and his ittelect as a theological Man !!

First class moderator. He should have a world wide radio/tv show!

I can only wish that at 88 years old I can engage in high level debates like this without skipping a beat

Absolutely love these conversations. I still like them more when they are like this; discussions and not debates. They are both looking for a truth rather than defending their position.

As a theist myself, Roger Penrose has given me a lot to think about and consider. These are two men, speaking in their own fields of expertise, brilliant!

Man. I love scientists/mathematicians like Roger. Open minded, respectful and humble to all. He dose not hate religion but skeptical. Everyone has a right to be so. Roger is a good man.

Penrose is the gentleman scientist Everyone could take a lesson from him

Moderatör did an excellent job… Thank you very much for this amazing conversation

Absolutely outstanding discussion. I love Roger Penrose's humility and brilliance. Of course, William Craig always is interesting too. Getting them together? Fantastic! (And refreshing, because it was a civil discussion)

We must keep Sir Roger alive for another 100 years please

I'm an atheist and I'm usually not particularly fond of William Lane Craig, but he's much more likeable in this conversational setting rather than a formal debate setting. It was a good conversation. I generally favour Roger's positition, but I thought Craig did raise some reasonable objections to CCC. Great moderation too. I must say, kudos to a Christian organisation willing to arrange these conversations and hear opposing viewpoints. A lot of other areas in our society just now could use this kind of civil engagement over disagreements.

"It's very hard to bore a photon". Love the British wit!

I love hearing a debate where I am unable to understand every part of it. It means I have more to learn and listen to this discussion again. So good!

Justin is an outstanding moderator. Grasps the issues and adroitly guides the discussion forward.

The big questions remaining for me after watching this are (1) Who are the people who disliked this video and (2) How could they have possibly come into existence?

This is a beautiful conversation; I love when people can respectfully discuss their ideas with open minds. Kudos to ye, lads!

I am always moved by the weighty intellectual gravitas and humble personal presence of Roger Penrose. And today, I gained a new appreciation for William Craig's ability to probe with deference, dignity, and humility the mind and heart of Roger Penrose.

One of the most enjoyable debates I’ve seen. Very respectful and brilliant men.

Incredible...88 years old and still as active as he is...incredible.

Sr. Roger is a class act and always a pleasure to listen to.

Has anyone else observed that here we have an incredibly kind, clearly gentle, benevolent man who has no need for the concept of "God" in his life and yet has lived a perfectly successful life _without_ "God"? Seems to me that Roger Pemrose is the very evidence we need that we _don't need_ "God".

Incredible fact that Sir Roger Penrose is 88 years old in this video! Having a bright and active mind seems to keep him younger than he actually is!

Great respect for a man with Roger’s Knowledge to say “I don’t know’. The more we learn the more questions we have.

I am crazy impressed that Scientist and a religious person discuss very politely without shouting, increasing their voice. Wonderful wonderful wonderful, thanks for sharing \o/ Greatest person I ever seen Roger Penrose (I am sure he doesn't care about being called Sir ...)

Thank you Justin for doing all of these videos and for all of your hard work! It is such a blessing and you have really helped many in their faith.

I'm having a lot of fun watching this :) Two people disagreeing deeply, but being totally sincere and enjoying their time together. It's as rare as it is beautiful.

This was an unbelievably fascinating discussion, and I greatly admire the respectful back and forth between Craig and Penrose. I could watch this stuff for hours!

As a Monotheistic Christian, I always appreciate when a genuinely humble Agnostic like Penrose is always willing to be open unlike most “skeptics” who just attack and attack and aren’t open at all. Roger is a breath of fresh air.

I love the way they debate, one doesn't have to show aggressiveness to disagree.

I collaborated with Roger over 35 years ago. He was a great and humble guy then and I have huge respect for him.

Kudos to the moderator, he is smart and well informed, and did a good job of fleshing out the arguments. Actually, I think he understood Craig's argument better than Penrose, and understood Penrose's argument better than Craig. Good job mate.

🎯 Key Takeaways for quick navigation: 00:00 🎙️ Introduction to the big conversation on the universe, featuring Roger Penrose and William Lane Craig. 01:06 🌌 Roger Penrose's contributions to confirming Big Bang cosmology and his thoughts on purpose in the universe. 02:15 🙏 William Lane Craig's background, engagement with Big Bang cosmology, and Christian philosophical arguments. 07:13 🔮 The three mysteries of existence according to Roger Penrose: precision in physics, emergence of consciousness, and comprehension of mathematics. 09:25 🧠 William Lane Craig's response to the metaphysical questions, proposing an omniscient consciousness as the underlying unity for the mental, abstract, and physical realms. 17:01 🤔 Roger Penrose's reservations about a super mental being as the source of unity, discussing necessity, causation, and vagueness. 25:44 🧩 The mystery of the abstract realm and its existence, with unresolved questions about its purpose and nature. 25:57 🌌 Mystery: Connections between realms. Three worlds interconnected by mysteries: physical laws, organization of physical world, and emergence of consciousness. 26:38 🌍 Mystery: Rare occurrence of life. Tiny fraction of physical world hosts conscious life, posing questions about existence. 27:36 🤔 Hypothesis: Omniscient mind as ultimate explanation. Suggests divine mind orchestrating physical and mental realms. 28:42 🧮 Applicability of mathematics: Platonism vs. Divine Blueprint. Discussion about whether mathematical principles are coincidental or divinely designed. 29:39 🕶️ Mystery: Vagueness of divine explanation. Challenge in making a specific and coherent case for the role of a divine mind. 31:12 ✨ Divine attributes: Ethical and mathematical grounding. Attributes of omniscience, goodness, and power associated with the proposed divine mind. 33:15 🌌 Unified metaphysical vision. Tripartite division of realms (physical, mental, abstract) forming a complex, interconnected reality. 34:07 💭 Free will debate. Discussion about whether the divine mind's existence affects free will and control over events. 36:56 ❓ Openness to hypothesis. Skepticism about attributing divine consciousness to the mental world, preferring exploratory questions. 40:51 🌌 Evolving cosmological understanding. Exploration of black holes, their radiation, and the eventual "heat death" of the universe. 48:23 🔆 Photon experience and timelessness. Discussion on photons, timelessness, and the absence of time and space at the end of the universe. 51:10 🌌 Roger Penrose proposes the concept of infinity and sequential Aeons in cosmology. 52:16 🔄 Penrose's conformal cyclic cosmology involves continual expansion without collapse between Aeons. 53:43 🧐 William Lane Craig discusses the Kalam cosmological argument's second premise and its support from modern cosmology. 55:30 🌌 Penrose presents observational evidence for his cyclical model, emphasizing collision signals and Hawking points. 01:00:09 🤔 Penrose acknowledges his shift in considering the conformal space-time prior to the Big Bang as physically real. 01:02:10 💡 Penrose discusses how observations have led him to take his outrageous proposal seriously. 01:06:11 🔍 The debate delves into the fine-tuning argument, discussing physical necessity, chance, and design as explanatory options. 01:12:53 🌌 Penrose is agnostic about fine-tuning's implications for consciousness in the universe, considering alternate forms of life. 01:16:58 🌌 Roger Penrose doesn't advocate for physical necessity, chance, or design in fine-tuning, but suggests the universe might not be finely tuned. 01:17:28 🌌 Fine-tuning examples in contemporary physics are numerous, making denial of fine-tuning implausible; matter and chemistry depend on fine-tuned constants. 01:18:38 🌌 The conformal cyclical model proposes varying constants over successive eons, potentially allowing different constants for different forms of life. 01:19:30 🌌 The conformal cyclical model faces objections similar to the anthropic principle for explaining fine-tuning, raising questions about observing a finely tuned universe. 01:20:55 🌌 Possible solutions like sequential eons or observable universes not finely tuned still pose challenges to explaining the finely tuned universe we observe. 01:21:38 🌌 Agnostic stance: Roger Penrose acknowledges the finely tuned universe but lacks an adequate explanation, emphasizing our limited understanding of the constraints on fundamental constants. 01:23:42 🌌 The CCC model doesn't address all aspects of fine-tuning, and certain constants' values remain a puzzle even within its framework. 01:24:50 🌌 Roger Penrose remains uncertain about a divine mind behind the universe and is skeptical about personal continuity after death. 01:25:26 🌌 Penrose expresses uncertainty about a divine mind explaining the universe and the continuation of personal experiences after death.

What a fascinating and enriching conversation. I feel blessed to be able to listen in as a fly on the wall.

Penrose is one of the people that are so incredibly great in their own time that we don't quite know what to do about it, 50 years from now he'll be 100x more celebrated

[Lane-Craig] “Do we have free will?” [Penrose] “...I’d like to keep an open mind on that one...” 😂😂😂

A great moderator; very smart and absolutely appropriate!

A pair of absolute gentleman and a pleasure to watch..

How lovely are these three gents and how lovely is this video. A pleasure to listen to. ❤

Penrose is a good example of someone who can be brilliant, disagree with you, and not be an asshole - a lesson Lawrence Krauss can learn. Love Penrose - a phenomenal mind, approachable, a gentleman, without the slightest dogmatism.

The coolest debate I've seen. Period.

what a fantastic and respectful debate. You can learn so much - regardless of the side you stand on...

The expressions on Bill,s face are priceless when Penrose is talking about hard core physics - amazing discussion.

Two thoroughly-pleasant, gentle-men, in the classical sense, with diverse ideas, and both men with great skill in the art of mapping complex ideas into meaningful spoken words ... at table with a third congenial gentle-man with a most-pleasant way of “steering” the conversation: Wow! What a treat to this person, here and now struggling to describe what he has just seen and heard. My thanks to the three “stars”, at the table, and also to those unseen ... who in some way contributed to the making of this recording. Thank you ALL!

This was a great conversation. I like them both for different reasons.

I love how Sir Roger Penrose manages all the concepts in order to not get confused, but with no imposing a negationism to things he do not know, a clear open and wise being

“The Problem with us mathematicians is that we are very poor philosophers.” -Einstein

Really interesting discussion, and brilliant moderation thank you, Justin 🙂

I like Penrose's face expression while listening to Craig's talk. An expression of someone who is trying to hide, but effectively can't, the regret of spending his time in a discussion with this guy....

This is some next level discussion. 5 hours and i would not get enough

To have Roger Penrose on your program must be the most exciting thing you've ever done in your life

Sir Penrose's humility and truthfulness should be emulated by every one who claims to be a Christian...

Never thought I'd see Sir Roger Penrose to sit down and have a philosophical discussion with David Lee Roth

You can actually feel William Lane Craig's joy to be able to discuss philosophy and metaphysics and, you know, philosophical stuff, because he's so used to discussing with those scientistic people who don't anything about philosophy.

Penrose is one of the most humble, unassuming, gentle, and open minded people on earth. I think this is the most interesting convo I've heard in the last decade.

Love Penrose. His 'we don't know' honesty. What a mind, though.

Dr. Craigs extensive philosophical research leads him to dismantle Penrose's views in a few breaths, how wonderful.

Let me start by saying my own belief is very much Christian, but I'll add that I do love listening to Roger Penrose. For one thing here, while I don't know how much Roger believes in what William Craig is saying, but it seems he's always listening and actually thinking about what the other person is saying.

This lived up to the hype. _Unbelievably_ great conversation!

I respect both of these men so much!

I am with Roger all the way. ❤

Mr Penrose is such a nice, courteous and fatherly figure🥰

I am a Muslim and this was a fascinating discussion. Great kudos to the moderator!

Well as a theist , I found both of them perfect! I loved both!

Thanks for this. Penrose seems like a real gentleman.

Perhaps of the best conversation about the topic I've seen so far.

I like Roger Penrose. I see a ray of hope.

Two very respectful men who are gracious to each other even in disagreement

This is delightful. Even the comments (nearly all of them) on this video are delightful. Well done, everyone.

Everytime I watch a conversation about the big questions, my mind runs into an infinite loop of questions and answers.

Justin added to some of the things Sir Penrose said that clarified the points he was trying to make and even contributed to them in a way that he appreciated and seemed pleasantly surprised at. It seemed like it made Sir Penrose realize that some Christians really know what they are talking about. Justin was beyond prepared for this conversation and showed a strong understanding of the interaction between the science and philosophy, albeit from a layman's perspective. Bravo Justin. You are an amazing fit for the position you find yourself in in life and in your career, as if there was a God who ordained it for you. Thank you. I look forward to seeing you in California next weekend.

Conformal Cyclic Cosmology is a wonderful concept and it totally makes sense.

William Lane Craig honestly says some interesting things but in the end it's all just in service to a very basic god of the gaps argument. The best compliment I can give him, and it's really not much a of compliment, is that although he'd never be a good scientist, he could absolutely be a great philosopher.

One of the most civil discourses in this program...i love it!!

I always enjoy Mr Penrose talks.

Insightful and informative debate lot of respect for Roger

Thank You Dear Sirs, For wisdom!

The foam windscreens on the mics are SPOTLESS. Impressive.

Roger is one of the most important mathematicians in the world of physics, who at the same time speaks with the wise humility that comes from his high knowledge.

The moderator is knowledgeable as well. I salute him.

Simply amazing!!!

The more you learn, the more you realize you don’t have the answers.

This was the best conversation I've ever listened. Thank to you program.

Roger is such a good teacher i just about understand some of what he says.

Most such conversations between a theist and an agnostic boil down to: you either believe it or you don't and are therefore a bit pointless. This conversation completely surpassed that and handled how to get somewhere. Penrose a mathematical mind intrigued and comfortable with not knowing and William lovingly lush determined to find this one unifying entity to help and keep us all together. What gentle giants, really enjoyed this and learned a lot.

Wow, I think you've created an entirely new form of art with this amalgam of interviews and reflecting commentary. I truly enjoy these episodes.

Roger Penrose is amazing. I love hearing him talk. if I live that long, I hope my mind is 1/10th as sharp as his! he is brilliant and humble, and understandable. Thanks Justin for making this happen.

What a great conversation!

Lovely talk.. Two grt minds... Loved it

Penrose is a gem

It's like two grandfather-like old friends passing time on a Sunday afternoon sitting on a park's bench as a young boy confuses himself by listening to them

It's a brilliant talk - many thanks.

An excellent & well balanced discussion !

This was a lovely conversation, thank you all