Hello, UKpostsrs. The World Science Festival is looking for enthusiastic translation ambassadors for its UKposts translation project. To get started, all you need is a Google account. Check out To Infinity and Beyond: The Accelerating Universe to see how the process works: ukposts.info_video?ref=share&v=pcKdA2-W0X0 To create your translation, just type along with the video and save when done. Check out the full list of programs that you can contribute to here: ukposts.info_cs_panel?c=UCShHFwKyhcDo3g7hr4f1R8A&tab=2 The World Science Festival strives to cultivate a general public that's informed and awed by science. Thanks to your contributions, we can continue to share the wonder of scientific discoveries with the world.

Lawrence Kraus is a gem

I wonder how different this talk would be if they had it today... So much happened this year. Great talk, I love this channel!

We know galaxies are receding from each other because as we look farther away they get closer together. The scope of the Universe is unfathomable as it should be. Infinity is so damn hard to see. We will never know what is beyond what we can see no matter how far we look. It's hard to accept but it is also beautiful.

It's interesting watching this after they've discovered gravitational waves.

Priya seems to be a very good explainer, kept everything simple, using easy to understand analogies (potholes, lumps, etc.). The others were good too, but she was especially good. Loved the interactions between Lawrence Krauss and Neil Turok at the end. Even though Krauss was supposedly the impartial moderator of the topic, you could tell he was an equal participant in the topic too, and he and Turok had very different rival theories about Inflation and the Big Bang. Like watching a couple of heavy-weight fighters taking little jabs at each other.

It is amazing how much can change in a short period of time. Based off the discussion of 'No Evidence of Gravitational Waves' @ 43:00, I wonder if there could be a follow up discussion ; not necessarily based off BICEP's observation, but LIGO's findings earlier this year.

Kind of literally light years ahead of TED talks, at least in the study of the universe. Awesome dream fuel.

Funny listening to parts of this now after proving gravitational waves exist..cant imagine what we'll know 10, 20, 50 years from now and think how funny it'll be listening to the things we think we know now

Excellent! A great panel that clearly presented many of the cutting edge ideas in Astronomy. Thanks! Only thing to add. Follow it with deep drill down presentations on each of the major ideas presented.

Now that we've detected gravitational waves could you bring back these guests for an update?

really great introduction!!

Thankyou for this!!!! Wondeful !!!!!!!!

Finally! I was waiting for this video since may!!! Knowledge!!!

the problem mentioned at 27 minutes has a solution. i found the answer. time is negative. Riess suspected a negative sign problem. the negative sign is missing in his calculation. he speeks of the most distance galaxies moving in real time or current time, evenafter he tells us that these most distance galaxies are next to the most ancient parts of the universe. the high red shift of these most distance galaxies, the high expansion rate of this part of the universe has absolutely nothing to do with what the universe is doing today. the acceleration is not increasing but just the opposite. the early universe expanded faster but slowed as the universe ages and the chart shows the redshift tending to the blue edge of the spectrum as time progresses. hence, no dark energy from this perspective.

they've finally posted the whole discussion on here

Interesting watching the battle with the guy at end - wondering what his response is now with the confirmation of gravity waves only a short time after this interview. But I must admit, I do think like him, and agree that the simplest explanation of nature is usually the correct one, and back in 2015, I would have found his explanations most convincing.

I would like to see more of Lawrence Krauss presentations. Love his sense of humor and insights on the latest science topics.

I also wonder what Neil Turok has to say now that gravitational waves have indeed been detected. And - instead of interpreting his statements, I say let them stand on their own. NT didn't say "gravitational waves produced by the big bang or inflation haven't been observed," he said "gravitational waves haven't been observed." NT also implies that because super-symmetric particles and more massive Higgs bosons haven't been discovered in the LHC, they must not exist. But that REALLY only means that they (apparently) don't exist at the energy levels (distances) probed by LHC - NOT that they "don't exist.". "Absence of evidence is NOT evidence of absence..." as one of the panelists said early on. Look - I truly appreciate informed scientific skeptics and rule breakers. Eratosthenes. Copernicus. Kepler. Galileo. Newton. Maxwell. Planck. Bohr. Einstein. Heisenberg. Dirac. Schrodinger. Hubble. (And MANY more...) They ALL abandoned the current scientific dogma of their times and led us to amazing new truths about our universe. And I get that Neil Turok has a "brain the size of a planet!" But he makes many seemingly unfounded assumptions in his explanation of his personal views... If history is truly our guide, the next scientific revolution will likely be far stranger than anything imagined to date - and THAT'S why I love science!

good stuff :)

Neil Turak is the most intelligent individual person on this panel.

what is world science festival? i been following all videos ! i feel these things we my discovery ,, but was dissapointed as its already in discussion... good lead ppl..

Sweet!!!

The lady Privamvada is a smart cookie! Wow

Another banger

Great inf.

thanks from Denmark

Question: These 2D oval background radiation maps are (Aitoff?) projections of the 3D night sky right? 38:38 Why is this projection chosen over an equal area method? Is it because gravitational lensing messes up the proportions anyway? Second question: Is saying that the geometry of the universe is flat, the same as to say that 4D space-time has itself 0 curvature?

Wow what an intro!

The observable universe will be ours to master. The unobservable universe is where the fun is. The problem is we have alot of trouble making the math work with what we observe in many cases. So we hold some things constant that are dynamic at the right extremes and the universe is nothing if not full of extremes.

I like the multiverse theory personally, throw in a little "As above so below" & voila! Blackholes become the gateways to new big bangs where the information is reassembled in a different dimension of spacetime making the cosmos somewhat infinitely large like a fractal where scale & time becomes beyond comprehension of even the most insanely existentialist mathematician.

The speed of gravity = c (LIGO) The speed of the electric field = c (speed of electricity) So c is the speed of fields, not the speed of light. So why is the speed of light = c? Because light travels through the Luminiferous Aether which is a magnet medium so the speed of light is actually the speed of the Magnetic field. Thank you.

In this multiverse are some universes much older than the next , if so does the older universe influence the newer one through quantum physics

Krauss finally touched on the essence of the discussion, at about 1 hour he starts to compare today's rate of expansion to that of the early universe and then passes off to Reiss who quickly muddles through without any real numbers. after being interrupted the discussion degrades to predictions of planets in the solar system. i wanted to hear the actual current acceleration and recorded red shift as seen between some close local galaxy and the milkyway. Hubble was a lawyer, so i can understand why he missed the point that the farther out you look the more ancient the data. but Krauss should have understood that the early universe expanded rapidly and as it gained age, time coming forward the galaxies movement away slowed. the farther away the higher the red shift. you view time in the negative, when looking into the past.

He says (minute 8:03) "We now now - to an accuracy of better than 1% - that the universe is flat". So that leaves 99% of change that the universe is not flat.

If there was a little astronomer. a trillion times smaller that an atomic nucleus, gazing out from the core of an apple would he see billions of spherical objects, separated by vast regions of empty space, but which did not appear to behave consistently with their observable mass, as if some dark force were holding them all together?

If the CMB picture is correct the universe is an oblate sphere.if we can see the same distance in every direction that also infers a spherical shape. So locally it’s flat but on the biggest scale it’s round. Yet why does the cosmic web have no particular shape.

We didn't know what we were doing? We specifically were trying to measure q0, and we had been studying supernovae since 1986 to measure distances. We determined how to use Type Ia SNe to measure distances between 1989-96. The value of q0 was surprising, but to say we didn't know what we were doing is not what happened Lawrence.

When the rate of expansion becomes faster than light, then entropy will reverse itself and everything will begin happening again in reverse order. This suggests an infinitely oscillating universe. I just wonder if the oscillations are symmetrical. They would have to be if we are to believe mainstream theories. Unless Hawking was correct about information loss. Black holes are the one variable which could have broken the symmetry of an oscillating universe. In fact, I wouldn't consider this a paradox at all, rather a necessity, so long as a black hole's impact on an oscillation can be quantized through any effected world-lines. Determine this, and you may have a unifying theory. Patterns of oscillations could contain enough information to describe a system of higher order or the very system it contains.

One question that I've never had answered since my Cosmo studies...If we can detect accelerating expansion, why is a point of origin undetectable? It seems strangely similar to geo-centric thinking. Anyone with information would be appreciated.

Great stuff. Maybe lose the 'indy pop' in the closing credits.

How about particles that have spacetime bending effects different from their actual standard mass. Stuff life EM black hole/neutron star analogues, relativistic particles, condensed matter. Gravity waves and lensing on a spectrum of scales can emerge as an "antigravity" effect! Observation!

pro tip from Kansas: the earth looks very round, more so without mountains blocking the horizon.

In regards to dark energy * In the video " reality since einstein hosted by Brian Greene @ 36:05 he states that pressure yields gravity. I beleive the extra gravity we are measuring is due to pressure of empty space-time its self, the energy of a vacuum. When space time is warped, the curve is filled with space, the energy of the space should have pressure added with greater depth. This is why we cannot see the gravitional sources, this would also explain why we measure it to be evenly dispersed. This would also explain the expansion of the universe. Like bubbles growing in size and accelerating in speed when rising under the pressure of water, so does matter, when under the affects of the pressure of a vacuum. The reason our predictions of calculation the mass caused by the energy of a vacuum is too high is because we're basing our predictions on what we see in matter. The mass caused by the energy of a vacuum in a confined particle under all four fundimental forces will be much higher than in a vacuum outside of matter.

The videos of the World Science Festival are among the most insightful and entertaining science material I found over the internet so far, but I'd like to make you a question. If you cannot subtitle the videos by some reason, why just aren't allowed the automatic subtitles? If it could help people like me who just did not born in a country where people speak your language around me, can you imagine how could help people who are just by instance, deaf? Science has to be done by far more people. In a time when skepticism is becoming less and less popular, if we scientists don't step down from this pedestals, we are accepting the risk of having us all the destiny of Hypatia. And no one is gonna stand up for us.

Vortex: expanding to a point until it folds back to the center.

Lawrence remind anyone else of that scientist from the simpsons?

Aren't gravitational waves just all the ripple waves from collisions eventually creating steady troughs that essentially work like space fabric "canyons" so to speak? I was explained to that basically "stuff" smashes in to other stuff and over long long time periods the stuff that doesn't fuse together either gets caught in an orbit or catches other stuff in it's orbit to in a sense shield it from more intense collisions.... in that mental image if seemed like there aren't really gravitational waves so to speak but rather gravity can only exist as a byproduct of impact ripple waves interacting/interfering with each other and relating these elastic resonant cavities that have a very small range but a range nonetheless of objects that could potentially intersect and become stuck in. Anyone? I am clueless I thought we knew gravity wasn't an actual thing....

Objects are moving far from each other as the space is expanding and accelerating and space w.r.t us beyond a certain distance moving at a speed greater than the speed of light. How is this even comprehensible logically? Space expanding.. what does it even mean? Is it an object? what is expanding out of what? now, if it's so, what space is?

Interesting discussions. So many theories & ideas but sad to say, no final & definite conclusion. Not in my many lifetimes. Question is, why the Big Bang? Not how, but why it start; began,? Assuming to be true.

If the Universe is expanding and that expansion is accelerating what happens when we run the Universe backwards? Does everything keep slowing down until it stops at the Big Bang?

We used to think the world was flat, Pythagoras came along and showed it was round. We used to think the universe is a sphere. Now we know it's flat.

The panel starts at 20:05 in case you know the basics of dark matter/energy.

Ouch!

What a revolting title! What waves of curiosity and wonder it produces and one feels swept along.

Is there a followup to this presentation now that gravitational waves have been detected?

its just a feedback loop , like in solar and planetary dynamo's , but , inflation is linked to gravitational sling shot effects of matter and the lagrangian points they make .. along with central massive black holes being replaced by galaxian lagrangian points that recycle matter and shoot matter and energy out what we use to call quasars ... ...yea its 2018

Gravitational waves have been detected... Next chapter please

The obvious question is how can galaxies be reliable measurement points for mapping dark matter when they can’t be used to reliably measure acceleration

Tq so much for shedding lights. The West is such the promising 'prometheus'.

We live in a cooking universe! A constant electro-chemical state of quantum field in a counter balance DUALVERSE.

*Alien kid: is that true? Is our universe FLAT?! *Alien dad: What?! No. Stop watching Human TV. Theyre still down there arguing if the earth is flat or round... Alien kid

My novel hypothesis that dark matter is just distortions in spactime by which the curvature alone is the cause of the gravity. Spactime has been observed to react like a fabric by warping, twisting, and propagating waves. These properties have been proven with observations of gravitational lensing, frame dragging, and recently gravitational waves. Fabrics can be stretched, pressured, and/or heated to the point of deformation losing elasticity. Such extreme conditions were all present during inflation, so it is plausible that spacetime’s elastic nature hit its yield point and deformed. Therefore, if gravity is the direct result of warped spactime, and fabrics can be deformed, then a deformation of spacetime could create a gravitational effect independent of mass. Dark matter may simply be a particle of the spacetime’s structure, instead an exotic particle sitting in spacetime causing the warped geodesics.

Neil Turok is spot on. Refreshing to hear a little sense among a see of silliness.

1:08:03 is when it starts. You're welcome.

Thought information travels faster than light...it´s instant! ...

What goes up must come down hasn't been true since we achieved 'escape velocity'. We left a lot of stuff on the moon, which proves that it went up, but it did not come back down.

what about the energy its used more energy loss weaker hold?

your team is awsome if i could help i would.

OK what is it expanding into?

The cosmological models circle and revolve around the unheard-of as the cat around the bush. But what you can observe, if you like, is their dusty approach to a much older cosmological model. These are the descriptions of the origins, the descriptions of the growth and the descriptions of the transitions of the cosmos, as it is written in the Vedas. A very startling development of modern cosmology. As if...

17:01 So what is the last 1.4%?

Rather than calling it dark matter or dark energy would it not be more accurate to call it dark knowledge.

well the last guys idea is shot ,we have seen dizens if gravitational waves now. what a time eh?

Why does inflation only go one way? Even I know When something explodes it goes in all directions

Just SAD a video with this density of cleverness hasn't gotten (even auto-generated) _CC (Closed Captions)._ With accessibility like this, hearing challenged individuals might be left looking for the _'science'_ supposedly covered by the perhaps more properly named _World Silence Festival_ with their accessibility statement is *_"WSF: Where CC could just as easily denote 'Clothes Captains'!"_* Hehe? *;]* Holy crap i just noticed that the top pinned comment is by them and they actually mentioned needing translators! I guess they are trying at least! ;]

The introduction was amazing it told a lot that were missing in all other ones I have seen to date on this subject but was too fast too loaded with import for me requiring listening multiple times several sections

If the relative velocity of very remote ( ie long ago ) regions of the universe is higher than linearly proportional to the distance ( in space and time ) , then these very old regions are moving *faster* than the younger / closer ones , so expansion isn't speeding up but down , or am i dumb ?

isn't true that propibiltyility stand to say that in the universe we aren't the only lifeform existing. Based on a mathematical theory.

In The Great Circle of Infinity, the tangency of point-line-circle time-timing orthogonality tangentials, this is the Absolute Zero Kelvin i-reflection containment vanishing-into-no-thing Singularity inside-outside holographic time-timing sync-duration Reciproction-recirculation. Ie pure-math relative-timing ratio-rates Circuitry of probabilistic correlations, temporal superposition spin-spiral log-antilog interference of e-Pi-i omnidirectional-dimensional cause-effect numberness.

The currently accepted theory that our universe is an expanding [emergent] hypersphere at the speed of light, mine is that there is a super massive black hole at the center of our universe instead, and all matter in our universe is entangled with it making the universe steady state. I treat matter-energy differently then electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic spacetime continuum is an open universe that coexists with a closed mass-energy universe in a close by, but separate [bran] gravitational spacetime continuum. Certain vibrational frequencies of the gravitational spacetime continuum form harmonics where entanglement occurs. The fourth harmonic is where gravity [so-called dark matter] occurs in the presence of matter. The tenth harmonic is where anti-gravity[so-called dark energy] occurs, where there is an absence of matter. My hypothesis is that protons [holes in the semiconductor junction] in all forms of matter and their presence in our location in the universe, this is the source of the attractive force of gravity in the vicinity of matter. My discovery is at 100nm distance away the force of gravity is magnified and can be harnessed to produce gravitomagnetic induction with my invention, the mass spin-valve or gravitational rectifier, due to this gravity large extra dimension. The other novel thing I discovered in the absence of matter produces a repulsive anti-gravity force that is much weaker then the gravity force and balloon like. Electrons however do not contribute enough mass to really effect gravitation in any significant way. While bound in electron orbital in the solid, hole mobility is limited and much slower then electron mobility in the semiconductor crystal My assumption, based on semiconductor theory for holes, that speed of light doesn't apply to holes, making quantum entanglement, and superconductivity possible in solids. Magnetism is a property of electromagnetism produced by electron states in matter; gravity is produced by the mass of the matter which mass comes from the mass of the neutrons and protons of the element of matter as described in the periodic table of the elements of matter. Particle Name.............Mass proton.............1.6726 x 10^-27 kg neutron...........1.6749 x 10^-27 kg electron..........0.00091x10^-27 kg Holes are the mechanism for quantum tunneling in the semiconductor; as well as superconductivity. To understand how "holes" work it is useful to examine the Hall effect in semiconductors. The Hall effect is due to the nature of the current in a conductor. Current consists of the movement of many small charge carriers, typically electrons, holes, what are called mobile ions or all three. When a magnetic field is present that is not parallel to the direction of motion of moving charges, these charges experience a force, called the Lorentz force. When such a magnetic field is absent, the charges follow approximately straight, 'line of sight' paths between collisions with impurities, phonons, etc. However, when a magnetic field with a perpendicular component is applied, their paths between collisions are curved so that moving charges accumulate on one face of the material. This leaves equal and opposite charges exposed on the other face, where there is a scarcity ofmobile charges. The result is an asymmetric distribution of charge density across the Hall element that is perpendicular to both the 'line of sight' path and the applied magnetic field. The separation of charge establishes an electric field that opposes the migration of further charge, so a steady electrical potential is established for as long as the charge is flowing. Both forms of gravitation experience time dilation and that's because they are time dependent forces. Electromagnetism EM or light has none of these properties except for anti-gravity and light are both mass-less. Light is mass-less because it is time independent and that's why speed of light is constant irrespective of the frame of reference you are in. Anti-gravity is mass-less because the force is produced by the absence of matter. So if you want to use the photon particle wave analogy graviton is a time dependent massive particle wave; anti-graviton is a time dependent mass-less particle wave, and photon is a time independent mass-less particle wave. The time difference between gravitational energy and electromagnetic energy is what I refer to as the non-renormalizability of Time and this is property that is caused by gravitational frame dragging. Your thoughts are welcomed.

If our universe is inside a black hole in another universe....what happens when the black hole in the original universe evaporates from Hawking radiation ? Just as the hypothesis by others that the universe is a simulation runs into an impossible infinite regress that no 'original' simulator could possibly cope with, so too the 'universe is a black hole' hypothesis runs into the impossibility of an infinite regress because the 'original' black hole should have long since evaporated and absolutely every subsequent iteration vanishes.

Infinite accelerating universe, dark matter, dark energy, and the rest of science conundrums can only be explained correctly once we have a complete understanding of the real true nature of gravity. I will publish online soon, in Singapore, my 30-year long fundamental research on the true nature of gravity. It solve all of the above mentioned problems.

Ligo has found these gravitational waves he talks about we need new updated show plz plz plz

Curious the "branding" detail: the folding screens (set decor) like windows/Microsoft's logo, while he's holding the Apple's bitten apple... that he ends up throwing away.

WHY do we need all this information? HOW do we apply this knowledge? Please explain .

If you had a typical cloud of ordinary matter and dark matter, which would be denser?

There are several logistical errors... Extrapolation is an effective investigative tool. What we see is what there is. Looking at a projection gives impeccably useful information about the source material. Until people review these false assumptions there will continue to be problems. This reminds me of the factory workers who admonished me to not work hard because they want to milk it.

A flat universe would go against everything else we observe. Virtually everything that's formed (not a piece of something else) in the universe is in the form of a sphere. Why should the universe be any different? The universe is mostly likely an immense curved sphere that's so big we could never observe or measure the curve itself.

13:55 Empty space is not truly empty. I know this holds true perhaps in the deep vacuum of space. But I do know for sure that there are a handful of people I know who have truly empty space where a brain should be.

Universe is a rubber band or a whip if speed is increasing. The space in-between everything is unimaginably increasing until gravity overcomes expansion. Dark matter is gravity and space dust.

So they measured supernova objects and figured out, black holes closer to us are expanding ever faster. Becouse space should expand in all directions, this mean those objects further away from us are also older and they don't fly away fast as near ones. DIfference is speed of expansion trough time mean space is now expanding faster. But here is another idea, what if only black holes are expanding faster, for other objects we don't know, nobody performed measurements. It can be due to black hole weird properties, not general rule. So dark energy is maybe isolated phenomena, who knows what black holes really radiate,if they exist at all. They could be just a quark phenomena, atomic forces might exist on large scale. Another thing is curvature of space, there can be no perfectly straight lines incurved universe, becouse flat plathform simply doesn't exist, also nothing can be perfetly round and most important of all, there can be no infinitly small dots, yet we see this mirage all around us. It's becouse we are bounded to study of light, but what is light, where does it exist when is not radiated from visible objects, those are the real questions for me. Universe might be more time than space, what make me think we're an effect, not couse, real universe must exist beyond ilusive present momement of now and here. We need better phylosophy of science, those guys just measure, don't know what or whay this is important for us, nobody think anymore.

The problem in your 180ﾟ and a triangle is when, said triangle doesn't account for A 180ﾟ but either smaller or larger; at that point you no longer dealing with 3 Straight lines.

if the universe is expanding, perhaps the balance of anti-matter is on the very outter "fringe" of the expansion, and cannot annihilate anything...yet.

To me Dark Matter (by the influence it seems to have on galactic clusters) reminds me of surface tension on water. If you picture space as a sort of fluid ...it makes sense to me ...just a thought...

"Sudhakaran-Sivaram Theory Of The Universe"Published By Amazon

I'm confused (not surprised) but if the theory of universes inside a black hole, which was what the last guy was talking about, is correct then surely the information of the universe would be constant? And if so doesn't that go against entropy? Don't think I really understood what he was getting at. Can anyone give a better explanation please?

Neil's part was so damn interesting, why did they stop him -.-

Everybody understands that the margins of error in experimental Astronomy and Cosmology are much larger those in HEP.

This is an invitation to see a theory on the nature of time! In this theory we have an emergent uncertain future continuously coming into existence relative to the spontaneous absorption and emission of photon energy. Within such a process the wave particle duality of light and matter in the form of electrons is forming a blank canvas that we can interact with forming the possible into the actual! The future is unfolding with each photon electron coupling or dipole moment relative to the atoms of the periodic table and the wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum. As part of a universal process of energy exchange that forms the ever changing world of our everyday life the ‘past’ has gone forever. At the smallest scale of this process the ‘past’ is represented by anti-matter annihilation with the symmetry between matter and anti-matter representing the symmetry between the future and the past as the future unfolds photon by photon. In such a theory the mathematics of quantum mechanics represents the physics of ‘time’ with the classical physics of Newton representing processes over a period of time, as in Newton’s differential equations. In my videos I explain how this process is relative to temperature and the phase changes of matter.