Get 20% OFF + Free Shipping with code SAND at mnscpd.com/SandRhomanHistory #manscapedpartner

interesting that the cossacks were basically the pirates of the east, the cowboys of the east and the revolutionaries of the east all at once.

the "Wild East" moniker fits perfectly since the Soviets even made their own Wild West movies called "Osterns" or "Red Westerns" which had Cossacks, Turks, and Caucasians (as in from the Caucuses) people playing stereotypes and stock characters the same as America had cowboys, indians, miners/gold rushers, and railroad/cattle tycoons.

In polish, the word cosac (kozak) in slang is used to describe someone cool, daring and impressive. Similarly used to the word badass in english. Interesting how the awe of the cosacs freedom and bravery has remained in the culture and language of surounding coutries after so many houndreds of years

Very nice. It ought to be noted the painting 18:47 took the artist, Ilya Repin, 10 years to paint (1880-1891) during which time Repin studied the Cossacks. It commemorates the Cossacks' writing the insulting letter to Ottoman Sultan. According to some historians, when Europe truly feared the advances of the Ottoman empire, the Cossacks dared to attack the Sultan at his capital, Constantinople. The sheer boldness of the Cossacks made them heroic throughout Europe (this is when multiple copies of the original letter were created) even the Roman Catholic Pope sent Cossacks a diplomatic envoy.

That honestly is a fantastic setting for an adventure story. I especially like how deep ships and horses are implemented into it

The Cossack letter to the Sultan had me belly laughing and endeared them to me even more.

wild west lore: “omg gold!” wild east lore: *somebody that i used to know starts playing*

In Poland when we call someone Cossack we think that this person is daring, brave, but in reckless way. Usually it is connected with bothering and provoking someone who you should not bother, cause he is stronger than you.

Good job covering such a fractured topic in detail. I wouldn't have expected a full documentary video from you, but it's very welcome and appreciated!

"We don't actually know when and how women were introduced to the Cossack communities" - no, we do. Women were always part of the Cossack communities because Cossack communities were founded not by "looters, freebooters, and escapees" emulating the nomadic way of life, but by actual sedentary Eastern Slavic peoples colonizing the riverbanks of the Pontic Steppes as early as 1250's. If you go even further back in time you could even notice that there were slavic tribes of the ancient Kievan Rus living partially in the steppes - Tyverians and Ulychi. In the historical sources, you can also find slavic peoples in the steppes performing other kinds of activities - trading in salt along the rivers (Chumaks), or helping nomadic armies cross rivers (Brodnici), or leaving their homes for a couple of months to fish and hunt along the riverbanks (Uchodniki). You may notice that rivers are far more important to Cossacks then the steppes, that's cause Cossacks were not nomads, they lived mostly in small settlements. Their way of life was more nomadic then their slavic cousins up in Kyiv, sure, but to liken them to pastoralist Tatars is a mistake. They mostly lived with Tatars in peace because both groups inhabited different parts of the steppes - Cossacks lived along the rivers to fish and hunt, and Tatars lived out in the grass fields to feed their herds. That's why on many maps, you will find some Cossack Host's administrative divisions (palankas) overlapping rather crudely the Tatar Khanate administrative divisions (ordas). The whole "looters, freebooters, frontiersmen, and escapees" narrative is an imperialist fabrication to justify conquering the lands owned by the Cossacks. Easters Slavic peoples lived there for many centuries before the first Cossack Host was founded, they just were not organized politically. There were, of course, many looters, freebooters, frontiersmen, and escapee serfs among the Cossacks, but even combined these groups were REALLY unlikely to have been the majority of the Cossack population at any given time. If you check the historical sources about who lived in the steppes and what they mostly did, you will notice a far more complex picture with far less banditry. As soon as the Zaporozhian Host was founded, though, we can speak of a semi-militarized decentralized Cossack state run by local soldiers elected from among the military-trained men. This state often clashed with various Tatar Khanates and the Ottomans, and otherwise served as a source of official Cossack mercenaries to whatever employer was willing to pay and share the loot (be they Christian or Muslim).

Only an armed man can be free. I am from Ukraine and I can add something about the Cossacks. The most important thing to understand is that the Cossacks differed from each other in customs and laws. The most canonical Cossacks are Zaporozhian Cossacks. Cossack associations can be compared with knightly orders, one knightly order differs from others in laws and orders. The Cossack fortress was a training camp, barracks, blacksmiths, military warehouses, it had everything to prepare for the war. Women were not allowed into the Cossack fortress. There were bazaars around the fortress, as well as craft shops and taverns. Merchants travel to fortresses knowing that there is a safe place to trade. For example, during the campaign, the Cossacks chose the hetman and he had full unconditional power, his word was law. But after the campaign, the Cossacks held a trial against Hetman and discussed his actions and decisions, and collectively decided by voting what to do with him. Many hetmans were sentenced to death because of their abuses or heavy losses during the war. The most dangerous position was considered by the Hetman, since more than half of them were sentenced to death, many Cossacks refused the position of Hetman, knowing that with unlimited power, responsibility would come later. There were three main types of punishment, exile, severe physical beatings and death. For example, if one Cossack caused the death of another person, the guilty person is tied up, thrown into a pit, and a coffin with the dead is placed on top of him and buried. Also, the Cossacks had freedom of religion, or rather, their area of ​​religion was Orthodoxy, but at the same time there were many Muslims and Jews among the Cossacks. Basically, the Cossacks agreed that God is one, but different peoples give him different names and understand his teachings in different ways. Your faith was free, but here are the customs and orders you had to observe the habit for the Cossacks.

Cossacks boats you've mentioned and called them Chaiki is just multiple for Chaika. And Chaika literally means a seagull.

I'm greatly happy you covered this topic and I think you did a very good job (as an introduction, that is). There, of course, is a lot more that could be said about many things mentioned in this video. For example, if you are interested in learning more about the Tatar raids and the slavery in the region, I recommend a paper; _Slave hunting and slave redemption as a business enterprise: The northern Black Sea region in the sixteenth to seventeenth centuries_ by Dariusz Kołodziejczak.

I think you somewhat mix up the Don and the Zaporozian cossacks. There also were the so-called Burgher/City cossacks (Horodovi Kozaky) in the PLC. And they were the largest kind of Cossacks. They didn't belong to any host and most often either went to the steppes for the usual stuff or served as a hired muscle for some magnate. The registered cossacks were an alternative to serving in the PLC crown army or serving a magnate. They mostly consisted of the Orthodox Ruthenians and sometimes Jews and maybe Catholics. Just like with the crown army, the number of the registered cossacks was limited. By serving a magnate one could earn fairly big salary, but couldn't hope to get some land after service or pension. Both of these were guaranteed to those serving in the crown army or in the registered cossacks. The majority of people that joined the crown army or the registered Cossacks were the lesser or "medium" nobility. Most of the nobility in PLC were rather humble people, wealth-wise. Owning a house, some little land and maybe having 1-2 servants or none at all. There was also a rather big chunk of really poor szlachta - "holota" that would work as a hired muscle, servants or sometimes would even beg on the streets(szlachta brukowa/the street szchlata). Folks who went to the Zaporozian Host were mostly burghers, free peasants and the nobility. Not only from the PLC, but also to a lesser extent from the Crimean Khanate(after joining, Crimeans would convert to Orthodoxy and take up an Orthodox Christian name). For many, it was a way to quickly get rich, by joining the raiding expeditions against the Crimean Khanate or the High Porte. Zaporozians were among the main allies(and after all the powerful Ruthenian houses became Poles by converting to Catholicism, Zaporozians became the most significant ones) and patrons of the Orthodox church in the PLC. "Cossacking" was generally a Ruthenian thing, not Lithuanian or Polish(although those did occasionally join as well). Hence it was dominated by the Ruthenian culture, language and faith. After the Union of Brest happened, the Zaporozians became pretty extreme and everyone that joined them had to become Orthodox. It's not uncommon for people that were found(or were highly suspected of) practicing another form of Christianity to be executed. Attacks on the Uniate clergy that attempted to convert Orthodox churches into Uniate ones or push Uniate Christianity onto population were also commonplace. The serfs in the Zaporozian Cossack host probably existed, but they were not as common as it's often portrayed. There were even cases of feeling serfs being sent back to their masters by the Zaporozians. At least that's how it was until the 18th century. Before the 18th century, the Zaporozian host was mostly dominated by the lesser Orthodox nobility, free peasants and burghers. The higher strata of the Cossack society (starshyna), its ruling class, consisted mostly of the wealthy nobility and burghers. You'll have a hard time finding a single peasant or serf among the Hetmans, Otamans or officers. I'm not sure if there even exist any documented ones. But the majority of the Zaporozians were "holota" - nobles and commoners that were dirt poor. Officially, females were forbidden on Sich. When the winter came, the Cossacks usually went back to their homes, to cities or khutir. During the 18th century, when the right-bank Ukraine came fully under control of the PLC again, that's when a large number of serfs from there started swarming to the Zaporozian Sich and an image of a poor free serf Cossack became a thing. Yet still, at those times, you won't find known serfs among the Sich's ruling class. It should also be mentioned that the Hetmanate/Ukraine/Vis'ko Zaporozke and the Zaporozian Host are two different things. Kish otaman(also sometimes called a hetman) ruled in the Zaporozian Host, while a hetman ruled the Vis'ko Zaporozke. The Zaporozian Host existed as a sort of autonomy within the Vis'ko Zaporozke, having its own rulers, army and land. After the Hetmanate was established, a large part of the Zaporozian ruling strata went there and the Orthodox szlahlta almost completely merged with starshyna(there were those that preferred to stay as szlachta and retained their titles and rights; somewhere around 1200 families, if I remember right). In Vis'ko Zaporozke, de jure everyone was equal(de facto it was different; just like it was for szlachta in PLC) and the Cossacks generally were supposed to see each other as equals regardless of the background(obviously that's not the case and those of higher birth most likely looked down upon those of lower). The absolute majority of the nobility(szlachta) surrendered their noble rights and sort of became like the commoners(putting their genealogies and coats of arms in dusty storage chests till the day when the Russian Tsar would offer to turn all those Cossacks, and not only the starshyna ones, into nobles again; many even forged the documents proving their nobility, successfully acquiring a title). In the Hetmanate, every Cossack was supposed to be sort of like a szlachcic and considered himself as such. Duels and court cases because someone's "szlachcic honour" was offended were pretty common. The government and the society of the Hetmanate generally mirrored that of the PLC. But the serfdom was abolished and everyone enjoyed freedom. At least for a time. Slowly, but surely, starshyna was reinstalling it. Vis'ko Zaporozke existed until 1782 (eventually turning into Little Russia Governorate) and the Zaporozian Sich until 1775. Also, Czaplinsky didn't bully Khmelnitsky because he was a "Cossack". It was pretty commonplace for the PLC nobles, especially in Ukraine(during the 15-17th centuries), to raid other nobles. Just hire some horodovi kozaky and send them to beat up ass of another noble and take away his property. Magnates, which had private armies (Yarema Vyshnevetsky and Constantine Ostrozky had pretty big ones), often engaged in squabbles between each other which turned into local wars. They also often took away (by force) land from the less strong nobles. Those nobles would sometimes preach about oppression of the common man among the peasants, calling them to rebel, maybe summon some of their cossack buddies, and start a rebellion against a local magnate that wronged them. The clothes were not borrowed from the Tatars. Tatars, just like the Ruthenians, adopted them. And so did the Ottomans and many others. Later on developing their own, somewhat unique styles. I really like the Muscovite fashion and I'd say that it was even more "exotic" than the Ottoman one, which for a time served as a fashion inspiration in the region. The Eastern Europe, the Central Asia and the Middle East generally had many similarities in fashion since the Middle Ages, due to trade and many other things. During the times of the PLC, clothes such as kaftan, kontusz and zhupan, among many others, were worn all over those areas differing only by having a different name and a slightly different design. Fashion of the Ottoman Empire also influenced how the richer folk from the neighboring states(and even Western Europe) around it dressed. The cossacks didn't really wear anything that'd make them stand out in a city crowd. Hungarians, Greeks, Poles, Lithuanians, Ruthenians, Muscovites, Balkan people, Turks, Tatars, Kurds and other folks shared many elements of their dress(especially the nobility) because of a shared cultural zone.

I had no idea the Cossacks had such a vibrate and interesting history. Thank you for showcasing this to the world. Excellent video.

What an outstanding presentation of history! Thankyou very much for putting it together. My family emigrated from southern Ukraine in the early 1900's and I'm sure they had first hand experiences with these noble individuals.

Who needs Caribbean when you got the steppe...Land pirates don’t!

As a Western European, I always love learning more about the history of Eastern Europe ( although I love world history in general ) because it is sadly often overlooked in an academic sense when analyzing politics & history alike and fascinated me deeply due to its relatively close proximity to my own homeland.

Cossack hood is the example of East European mindset. Freedom is more important than anything. And everybody for himself. As long as there are Cossacks alive, there is hope for the free spirit of the East!

The "Eastern frontier theme" gets full development in the conquest of Siberia by Cossack bands leaded by Ermak in 16th century.

I know it's an overview video, but the depiction of relations of cossacks in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was quite simplistic. The Khmelnitsky uprising itself would warrant a video itself or the enormous battle of Berestechko, which is considered to be among the biggest battles of 17th century. The rebellion was quite a turning point in history of Eastern Europe. One of the big what ifs of history of the region is if the Treaty of Hadiach actually came to fruition, it was supposed to create the Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth in which Ruthenians would gain an autonomy in Kiev and Bratslav voievodships.

This is awesome! I've always found the Cossacks fascinating, but living in the U.S it seems they're often treated as something more like a quaint myth (with big hats and weird dances).

I'd love to see a high quality Cossack history show series

Some Cossacks migrated to Ottoman Lands in late 18. and 19. centuries. They were on opposition to the rulers of Russia. They came to Northwest Anatolia and they have been permited to establish a village in near of Manyas Lake.(today's Kocagöl Village) The village's old name was "Kazaklar" which means Cossacks. If you look at to 19. centuries etnich maps of Anatolia you can easly find them. My village is very close to their old village. In 1960's all of Cossacks went to another countries. They were earning money by fishing. Even in our village there were a fisher family. My grandfather(1934-2019) had told stories about a fisher man from only cossack family was in our village and the name of the man was "Dimitrie". And they were also migrated abroad. Great video. I hope there will be more videos about Black Sea Region and Ottoman History. Greeting feom Turkey to Ukrainan friends.

Nice and surprisingly long video! As somebody who actually has family ties to Cossacks (Refugees after the Russian Revolution and Members of the famous Cossack Choir) i found it beautifully animated and still informative.

Those who want to hear more about raiding Constantinopole/Stambull (aka eastern slav tradition), read about Petro Konashevich Sahaidachnyi, zaporozhian hetman. Dude was fcking legend.

Bit of trivia about Oseledetz(the Cossack forelock)-it was designed as a trap for Tatars. Tatar raiders used capture people, by jumping off of their horses and grabbing their target by their hair and puling them down to the ground. Now imagine the target only has a tiny forelock sticking out? Now imagine it's actually oiled and your hand slips, while you're planting yourself into the ground, face burst, of off galloping horse.

This is probably the best documentary on Cossacks! My Grand Mother family were Cossacks! Respect! Thank you!

The Cossack (by Tolstoy) is one of my favourite pieces of literature, there was also a famous Royal Navy destroyer in WW2 called 'HMS Cossack'

Thank you for an excellent video, I learned a few things regrading Raisin, for example One point to add: when the Zaporozhska Sech was destroyed, some Cossacks went to Kuban, becoming Cossacks there, and some went to Ottoman Empire over Danube. There were also small Cossacks pockets in modern Kazakhstan (Vernyi now AlmaAty) and Far East (Ussuri Cossacks) IIRC. ----------------------- Fun fact (rumor?) about Khmelnitskiy - he was a Polish military (sotnik), and try to revenge Chaplinsky by law. He came before the Polish king but the king advised him to take the matter into his own hands. "Do you have a sword?Someone, give pan sotnik a sword!" Unfortunately Khemlintsky followed this advice but the result was not what the king would expect.

Wow, that was amazing. I remember that we talked in school about Cossacks. But that amount of detail is just amazing. This is amazingly interesting. Thank you for all the work you put into the video.

Qazaq, the name that refers to majority nation in modern Kazakhstan, are the cumulative term for nomadic tribes of Mongolian as well as Turkic descent that inhabited vast lands of Eurasian steppe.

7:00 I find it funny that the Tatars would complain to Muscovy about being raided. I mean, didn't they have a habit of themselves raiding Muscovy? I can't blame Muscovy for not being particularly sympathetic. Lol

As a Serb who has in his own history many examples of such a lifestyle. These men lived in hard times, were shaped by hunger, fear and things us modern people will if God wills never again endure. This is why i always have a soft spot for such rebellious men who in spite of the world forge their own path.

An amazing and beautiful video, greatly learnt from such a fascinating people and culture! The only thing I knew about the cossacks came from the Spanish expression for heavy drinking "to drink like a Cossack", and now I see why :D

I have Kozak ancestors. Surprisingly enough some of my family fled the crackdowns on cossacks around world war 1 and became cowboys in America. Still am proud of such adventurous roots, we still play their music and ride horses and uphold their traditions as much as we can.

As a Turk, I both admire Cossacks and Turkic Kazaks(not Kazakhstan people today). I studied it, and I think Kazak word comes from Turkic kaz- ıv/ımak which means to shave hair with a knife or a razor. If you look at historical hair sytles of Mongols, Turks and also Cossacks you can see that they shaved most of their heads and left some parts long and sometimes braided.

The timing of this video is unbelievable! Later this year, I'm publishing a book from c.19th Russian literature in which Cossacks (e.g. Black Sea cossacks) play a significant role. Also of interest are the other Caucasian tribes: Ossetians, Circassians, Nogai, Kakhetians, Tatar, Kabardians, Abreks, Chechen, Armenian, and the Shapsugs.

Love the work, narration, animation and details, always on point The final reflexion was a nice touch, even more for the current events

So delighted i found this channel! Amazing animation and narrative such a brilliant piece of work

I have learned so much about Cossacks because of this video. Also, that transition to an advert for Manscaped was very smooth.

Always been very curious of this history, feel like it doesn't get mentioned enough great work as always

This reminds me of Olgierd Von Everec's band of bandits from the Witcher 3. His position was also called the "Ataman" of the group.

This is such a great video thanks for making this, the Cossacks are something i was really interested about so i learned a lot!

Thank you! But i should give attention for two moments: 1. Left-Bank Hetmanate was effectively merged into imperial system after liquidation of leftbank regiments in 1781, which used to be not only military instituion, but also administration for particular territory 2. after destruction of Zaporozhian Sich in 1775, a lot of the cossack take ottoman protectorate and went to the Danube, where they created several so-called "Zadunayska Sich". In the 1828 most of them changed sides and return under the hand of russian emperor

42:40 Thanks for mentioning this event. From persoanl family history this was a major event. My great grandpa basically had to run away when he was 6 years old after his familly got massacred. Lived most of his childhood as an orphan in train stations and could nbot even remember his family name, so he basically came up with his own. 43:46 very true. Whenever you hear modern day "cossacks", these are all modern groups and are fundamentally larping. There is no continuity between old and modern "cossacks".

This was such a great documentary! Thank you so much for putting this together!!! Very academically sound! I hope to make similar content like this myself someday. Congratulations

These guys are like the Texas Rangers of the Eurasian steppe. Hilarious. Hard drinking, hard fighting mustachio’d free men who pacified fierce horse warriors, conquered the plains, and spat on tyrants.

You are very quickly becoming my favorite history channel, good work my dude I love the topics you keep covering

One of the best videos about Cossack history, more people should know their story

Thank you for yet another insightful and interesting video that not only talks about the facts as they are but also talks about their implications in the modern world, keep up the good work!

Hey man just here after your most recent siege video and I love those but it's also fun when you make the one off vids about things you find interesting are good too. The passion bleeds through some of these You make me feel like a dilettante with the rigor of your research and enthusiasm lol.

Really like these more narrative driven documentary style viewers. I have watched your more analytical videos in the past and enjoyed them, but personally this is the kind of content i am going to subscribe for.

Wonderful documentary about one of the most fascinating and colorful peoples to grace our world. You've made some great content already, but this I think is your best so far. Thank you!

The response to the Sultan by the Cossacks has got to be the greatest put down in history and I don't care if some historians suddenly don't think it happened in my book it happened I even have the painting in my living room.

@19:00 - Repin's famous painting of Zaporozhian Cossacks contains three sinister looking spies in the background, representing, Muskovy, Poland, and the Ottomans.

I remember the Cossack dance from the Fable games. Remember that quest where this old guy promises you his daughters hand in marriage if you dress yourself up ridiculous, get a ugly haircut and weird tattoos and then he says he doesn't have a daughter and just wanted to see you dress like a clown and laughs at you *lol*

Okay this was unexpected. As a Ukrainian, thank you for this topic

Amazing maps and story-telling. I am obsessed with all Steppe warriors.

Thank you for this, enjoyed watching. Very well made video. Much love and respect to our Cossack brethren from Serbia ^^

Incredibly entertaining, great job on this one

Was interesting to watch it here in Ukraine. A lot of stuff was left out and images of Don and Zaporizhya cossacks confused but overall good job👍

It’s crazy to think that we were doing the same thing over here in the frontier…even down to the beaver fur trade.

Cool graphics dude, and excellent story telling. Thank you for giving us a better understanding of the Cossaks.

Amazing and quite in depth, thank you for the awesome work!

What an amazing documentary. Every video you upload is a must watch. The easiest and most rewarding subscription I’ve made

Very interesting information. Glad to have found your channel! Keep up the good work!

Original cossack settlements were pretty much what enable them to very versatile particularly venturing into the dangerous steep, they had modern weapons and tactics, guns and are familiar with tartar tactics. And they are literally a military like expedition group consisting only of men, hence they are not bogged down with women and children making them vulnerable to tartar raids and attacks.

Oh yes! Been waiting for this ever since the cliffhanger at the end of your last video!

You know, pretty much this whole historical overview could make an absolutely golden series of comedy movies.

Though not convinced by your final summing-up, your marshalling of research and your excellent narrative has convinced me of the need to subscribe to you. Terrific video! Thanks!

When I was a kid I saw the movie Taras Bulba in the theater. It made a lasting impression on me and was a very favorable portrayal of Cossack society. I later read the book it was based on.

Easily some of your best work yet, and on one of my personal favorite historical topics. It certainly is difficult not to romanticise these intriguing frontiersmen.

Nice to see a history channel that doesn't just ignore the mass slavery the Ottoman Empire engaged in.

Fascinating look at various people groups that tend to get overlooked by most people and historians alike. Very well presented and thought out. This documentary is informative and doesn't bore you as others would. I enjoy documentaries like this and bravo to the channel creator. You sir have done a marvelous job in these histories. Thank you .

Great information on the Cossacks. I really enjoy hearing about these great warriors

Wow. What a find. Thank you for this enlightening documentary. Really well put together and engaging. And enhanced the little Cossack knowledge I had. Which was probably more romantic than real. 😀

Thanks for the Viking digression. A vik, or vík, using Old Norse, is a water inlet. This is where you launched the boats, or carried them over land to the next fjord or sea body. So you can clearly see the "verbification" done by the Old Norse. The -ing being the add-on part that all verbs get, both in modern and old Norwegian. "Seiling" for example, is sailing in English. Fisking is fishing. Some words split many hundred years ago but many retain the similarities, and especially the -ing ending. For example, they could had called going viking "going boating" or "båting" but it would be less descriptive of what their intents - trading and raiding - would be.

That was a smooth transition into the ad lol I didn't see it coming at all. Love your channel keep up the great work

We need more films and series about Cossack, I love their spirits Heroiam Slava

I have rarely learned so much from a single video. Bravo!

OMG 46 minutes! That's really better than many history documentaries in TV!

I have very interested in the Cossacks history for sometime. This gives a nice starting point. Thanks

Cossack here born in Kazakhstan but raised in USA. Maybe that's why I love truck driving because I feel free when I am. My dad is a commercial bee keeper in the states as well.

Great job with this! I know you couldn't cover everything, but perhaps you could revisit this subject with relation to the Cossacks' role as servants/enforcers of Imperial Russia. Both the highs (Napoleonic War) and the lows (pogroms). To what extent was this a natural evolution of the Cossack elites from earlier times who held back their poorer and younger counterparts, versus a more top-down policy of state control. Not to make Russia out to be the villain TOO much, though: even in the nineteenth century the memory of the Pugachev uprising was still very fresh.

Wonderful video. A nice overview of Kozak history. Another peoples to learn valuable lessons from.

Great video, subbed! I don't know how I've missed out on your channel for so long. Keep it up!

Small correction: Kazan Tatars were never nomadic. Their ancient cities that predate the Mongol invasion can still be visited today as a UNESCO world heritage site.

39:50 The Cossacks attacking overstretched and unprotected supply convoys of an invading army... Seems not much has changed now, has it?

As Ukrainian im really glad to see this topic revealed with such details, really enjoyed by your video, thank you very much

"The study of history is not the study of the past, but the study of change. So instead of contemplating the loss of a romanticized past, we should use the past as a reservoir to understand change in our own time, and think about what circumstances make our society what it is today". I get chills hearing this, its such an intelligent and concise way to sum up your videos. Great job!

I love what you said at the end about history really being the study of change and using it to better understand our world today. I like to try use what I can take from learning about the past to enrich my life today in my own way. I feel my life enrichened when I learn old forgotten stories, songs, and crafts. Instead of wishing I was in olden times I bring olden times to me and use what I learn from the past to benefit the new. This was so great thankyou!

If you are interested in this topic i recommend you the movie "With fire and sword" it is polish movie, about cossack uprising, but their motivations are shown very well too, of course it is adventure movie, based on fictional book, but it is really beautiful and historicaly precise in case of costumes, languages, etc. Big love for Ukraine!!!

He is the happiest Cossack in the entire Cossack speaking 🌎 .Seen some nights out that old Geezer. Before Cossacks were Cossacks they was called The Jolly old Geezers.

I'm interested more about the information you mentioned in 2:30, because I've never heard about Tatars raiding Vilnius in 1510. The only thing I've found regarding your information was that because of the threat of Tatars, city of Vilnius began building defensive walls, but that's it.

This is my favourite video of yours so far. I have learnt so much!

Great video on a group not often covered!

There is this novel called "And Quiet Flows the Don (Тихий Дон)" by Mikhail Sholokhov. The author got the Nobel price in literature for it in 1965. It is an epic, like War and Peace by Tolstoy, like three or four volumes to read... The protagonist is a Don cossack, Grigory Melekhov, the whole story takes place during the time of WWI, Russian Revolution, Russian Civil War through his eyes. The story is attached to all the real events, I guess all experienced in some way by the author. The story of a human being, cossack, warrior, who got ground by the wheels of history, and seeing his world falling apart. The blood and violence is "Game of Thrones" times five/six/seven. Really recommend to read...

I recently discovered this channel and already watched 5 videos today. A great channel you have here, don´t mind if i watch it non stop for the next week