Love how Sir Roger talks to himself, asks himself questions, then answers himself.

God I love Penrose. Such a delightful person to listen to. The fact that he ripped on Interstellar a bit makes him even more delightful lol

I have certainly been aware of Sir Roger Penrose, but have never seen him lecture. I really like his style: well-ordered, clear, concise, tempered, and insightful.

It's been a long time since someone got a Nobel Prize in Physics for work that is essentially Mathematical Physics - Dirac, or maybe Wigner, may be the last ones previously. Good to see that an individual scientist still gets rewarded for his creative genius, and not just CEOs of big experimental groups.

Good to see Sir Roger delivering his lecture using 150 year old technology.

So fantastic to see Sir Penrose win the Nobel Prize. One of the greatest minds.

Only 91,500 views after years. I can't believe how this brilliant material isn't more popular. We're clearly heading dark times.

Old skool transparencies...brings back memories

A million thanks for making this video! I loved every second of it: the explanations, the ideas, the drawings! They contain good wealth of food for thought for years.

In an interview he said, he could never grasp MS PowerPoint. He finds it difficult to use. Therefore, he uses Projection for his lectures and presentations.

thank you for sharing

Now I know why there are still so many overhead projectors standing around in universities 😂

This is the third different topic I have heard him do. This is amazing

21:00. How lucky of us to have a planet that shows how both of these work together to serve a purpose through the Coriolis effect.

For the full Popular Lecture series recorded by Imperial College go to ukposts.info/slow/PL5VwXQiaY1IL-w5GR7UGGjBfJNGyqXng1

superb content

Without the Intersteller Reference I would have thought this lecture occurred in 1979

Thanks I loved the explanation and every thing I needed the info to impress my teacher and make her under stand the universe and also thanks again for making this I got 4+ marks on my exams keep the ur grind

In our life time, this is huge !

wow most recent talk by Sir Penrose. such great moment of centenary of General Relativity celebrated with the revolutionary discovery of gravitational wave one of the last findings needed to prove the accuracy of the theory.

Brilliant mind

when Penrose says the two must fundamental equations of 20th century physics for measuring distance with clocks he means the de Broglie-Einstein Relation whereby mass originates from frequency.

This is deeply fascinating. I can totally understand what he's saying - and I'm no expert! :-)

Thankyou

Does pen rose draw on his transparencies ?

22:00 does anyone know where a copy of the paper on these original calculations and observations can be found? There were two experiments one clouded over and the other had success.

You can tell by the video quality this made recently

What is the sit according GWs in 2023? Any consensus about data, showing traces of pre-bang GWs in CMB?

So time is correlated or conformally equal to mass?

What if you replace the cosmological consents with the cosmological rebound?

That's funny. Leave it to Dr. Penrose to shoot down, in 60 seconds, the visualization of a black hole presented in the movie Interstellar. Kip Thorne et al have spent literally decades studying black hole effects, and recently, several years trying to make sure their visualization models were correct. The idea being specifically to give an accurate visual impression of what a black hole would look like close up. According to Thorne, they DID have to make a minor change in the visualization in order to make Nolan, the director, happy. It had something to do with the IMAX version being TOO intense, and Nolan wanting to tone down some aspect of a particular shot. Thorne has given talks where he displays the original version, and my recollection is that it didn't substantially change the look of the thing... Anyway my point is Thorne taking years to try to get it right, and Penrose shooting it down in mere minutes. Even though his drawing isn't HIS idea of what it should be. It's based on computer simulations probably done on a PDP-11. With an 8-bit data bus... In 1978! Scientists don't always agree... :-) :-) :-) Finally! The first talk where a slide shows negatively curved space as a Pringle's potato chip! (Always thought that was better than saying "shaped like a saddle")

How many people in the room understood this?

I have a question or two? the backward "world line", the lower parts of the double cones, are also called the backward (in time) light cones. They define, how we see galaxies in our telescopes; the farther away, the longer the light is travelling on the mantle of this "cone" in 4_D. Plug in the still somewhat hypothetical effect of "cosmic expansion" into this 4_D diagram, and the mantle of this cone gets bent into a "belly" or water droplet_shape form! Because of this effect, we can see very far away galaxies, high Z_galaxies, in our best telescopes at an "enlarged" angle/visible diameter, than without that effect. is that "belly effect" valid for gravitational waves, too? 2nd) cosmic-distance lightwaves are red-shifted; do gravitational waves get equally or differently red-shifted AND also get "belly-bent"? So, then? would GWs, primordial GWs (if they exist), from "behind" the Cosmic_Background_ Radiation, from behind the CMB, would they be "angular enlarged" and "red_shifted"? Could those giantly Large_LongWavelength_Gravitational_Waves "invisibly" transfer impulse and energy to matter/galaxies in our (cosmic) neighbourhood? 3) the simple "Newtons Gravitational Constant" is now very well measured yet. in future a more precise "G" measurement has to be done in space.

Time inside and outside the light cones cannot be compared, or simultaneously measured, according to Sir Roger. What does it mean, can anyone explain, please?

I love that the lecture on spacetime geometry, which makes the point of Singh that spacetime geometry is really chronometry, the lecturer himself loses track of timelike curves at t = 29:51.

reading the comments has reminded me just how little the general public actually understand about physics, and just how many have an opinion

33:44 image. Big bang. Or I imagine a pitcher of water being filled from the inside center and the overflow as the change of velocity u r discussing

I fucking love this guy :D I love his easy to understand as a layman Old school power point presentation´s.. I watched first leonard Susskind and his online lectures about quantum physics and then one time stranded here as I try to learn about alternative´s to the "god" of string theory where I always thought okay but that makes absolutely no sense

and the Nobel!

I think the singularity picture is wrong. It is possible that the universe was simply static for a long time before it started expanding. The problem at time = 0 disappears if you simply consider negative time, and look at the static picture for t < 0. It could even have been oscillating, that is, expanding and contracting for eternity before, never really reaching a singularity, which is abnormal.

I love his Monty Python-esque drawings.

A real English man..... hats off sir

"I'm now going to say something outrageous..." ~ R. Penrose ukposts.info/have/v-deo/sHGUqoSliqicxIE.htmlm25s :) An original thinker who has a clear understanding of the context in which he exists.

19:18 = Pringles ?

❤️👏🏻...

29:00

Bingo ! 56:22 I have thought that before.... that aspect and wondered... And this is the first time I have heard it mentioned.. Now it may be common knowledge, and all Physics students may be aware of it.. but I had only wondered... It was common sense to me that as a 'body' was following an orbit being treated as if that body was a slightly curved infinitely thin or 2 dimensional mass folowing it's correct orbit, but it obviously is not 2 dimensional hence would result in that body experiencing a slight internal tug of war...

If light is a particle, in addition to a wave, wouldn't gravity effect it even if it were a force rather than a curvature of spacetime? When a beam of light is shot perpendicular to the horizontal path of travel of a uniformly moving frame, does it continue to move horizontally with the frame, as shown in illustrations of Einstein's light clock thought experiment? If so, it must be acting as a particle, because it's acting like a tossed up ball on a train. So we really don't know if gravity is a force or not, it certainly acts like a force.

Roger, if you consult on the definition of electric charge in standard books on electromagnetism,you will eventually find( after some substitutions and mathematical techniques) that, Mass( in kilograms squared)= Charge squared( in Coulombs squared)x 10 to the power minus 7 divided by distance between two charges in meters. So, Newton's Law of gravity is actually equivalent to Coulomb's Law of electromagnetic attraction or repulsion. By the way, only Hawking said that gravity always attracts, never repels. Newton in fact said that gravity both attracts and repels( On the Shoulders of Giants (2002 edition) Page 1160).

Thank you also for telling the truth, Einstein did NOT COME UP WITH SPACETIME. He sorted out special relativity, but the space-time manifold he did not

The Rate of heat transfer(unit KCal )/exchange BETWEEN 02 STATES OF MATTER is directly propotional to the temperature gradient (Degree Centigrade ) BETWEEN 02 STATES OF MATTER ; in the presence of /& w. r. t. Obviously Ocurring Atmospheric Pressure of the Earth(my guess is 1 OOATMPOE = 2 INTO 10 RAISE TO 25 Kg/cm square). x-y graph , x-axis = varying temperature gradient measured in degree Centigrade , del T = (tb - ta ) degree Centigrade ; y-axis = The Rate of heat transfer(unit KCal/Second ) written as d del H/dt . Due to the presence of various INVISIBLE gases plus water droplets of the rain present in the earths atomphere,1 OOATMPOE we get a semi-circular PRISMATIC RAINBOW W. R. T. THE EARTH'S SURFACE !. Sanjayrao Shankar Shedge's First Heat Law : 1. The Rate of Heat transfer/exchange BETWEEN 02 STATES OF MATTER is directly propotional to the temperature gradient , BETWEEN 02 STATES OF MATTER , in the PRESENCE OF /& w.r.t. Obviously Occuring Atmospheric Pressure of the Earth (OOATMPOE) !.We assume OOATMPOE as 25 into 10 raise to 50 Kg/cm square. Sanjayrao Shankar Shedge's Temperature Gradient Law : 2. There must exist a temperature gradient for a chemical reaction to PROCEED IN POSITIVE DIRECTION (Heat transfer from empty hot Stainless Steel bucket to water at 25 degree Centigrade !)/ IN NEGATIVE DIRECTION (Godrej Frige !) with/without a CATALYST(entity that ENHANCES THE RATE OF REACTION ) ! 3. Applying mathematical denomination as :- the rate of heat transfer = d del H(x,t) by dt, is directly PROPORTIONAL TO THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT = del T ; higher the del T; higher the d del H(x,t)/dt ,SO our logical thinking is similar to Newton's Law ,F=m into a = mass into acceleration due to gravity , Newton = Kilograms into metres per second square !. Heat produced by burning a match stick in the presence/w. r. t. of 1 OOATMPOE ; Also Incense stick (mogra/chandan agartbatee ) burning continiously & producing ash , heat, tells us the presence of 1OOATMPOE (Unit Pounds per square inch ) Sun's nuclear fusion reaction A + B --- > C + del H into del R into ttk ; del H = Heat energy created by Sun's nuclear fusion reaction,unit Kilo Calories ; del R = Luminous intensity expressed in Candella ; ttk = NON-PRISMATIC 'VIBGIYOR' WHITE SUNLIGHT OF THE SUN (for the last 5 million years !)!. Energy & heat are the same thing ? , ; Yes ! energy & heat are the one & the samething ! , looks like ! We are trying/confirming the unit of Energy & Heat ! Hint :- 1)energy expressing in KCal, parle G biscuit , 2) IC 555 Timer with variable capacitor values for time keeping , accurate clock ! Law of conservation of energy , optimistically ; states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed , it can be transferred(?) /converted from one form to another form , e. g. petrol into linear motion on the surface of the earth , of motorcycle, Bajaj Platina ! So analogously heat can be transferred from 87 DEGREE Centigrade empty Stainless Steel bucket to water at 27 degree centigrade ; WITHIN 2 miliseconds , by continousy rotating & stirring the small amount of water 0.5 LITRES inside the SS empty bucket , volume , 6 litres [Hint : For observation purpose we take :- 1. Hawkins Pressure Cooker , its whistle weight 2. Household LPG Cooking gas system ] ; the way the Earth ROTATES ON ITS AXIS , THIS MEANS , HEAT EXCHANGE between Earth & Earths 1OOATMPoE OCCURS VERY QUICKLY BECAUSE OF THE EARTH'S ROTATION ON ITS OWN AXIS ! NEW INVENTION , BY SANJAYRAO SHANKAR SHEDGE !, Copyright/trademark infringement . Refining more , "destroying the temperature gradient TOTALY between 2 SOMs , SOM2 = EMPTY SS hot bucket & SOM1 = water at 24 degrees (in october month in OOTY , Karnataka) & ACHIEVING THE TEMPERATURE NEURALITY BETWEEN SS steel bucket & water in 2 milliseconds is the ultimate aim of water , in the presence of /w.r.t. 1 OOATMPOE , 1 Obviously Occuring Atmospheric Pressure of the Earth ; water AT 24 DEGREES (IN OCTOBER MONTH IN OOTY , JAMMU & KASHMIR)ABSORBS all the heat of empty stainless steel hot 87 degree Centigrade IN 2 MILLISECONDS ; THIS IS SENSED APTLY, JUDICIOUSLY , BY THE HUMAN FINGER (ITS LIKE THE BLOOD GLUCOSE TESTING METHOD BY ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MACHINE )!.So we draw a graph of varying time in milliseconds on x-axis , varying heat content on the y-axis ; gives us a REMARKABLE OBSERVED x-y axis plot of GRAPH , in which we APPLY THE ANALOGY OF THE GRAPHS WE GET FOR CHARHING OF A CAPACITOR & DISCHARGING OF CAPACITOR , ON x-y AXIS !. Because of rotation on its own axis the Earth absorbs /gives away its heat during day/night time ! 03 things are required for heat transfer in a chemical reaction proceeding in positive /negative direction : 1> 1 OOATMP OF EARTH ; like atmosphere for ACCELERATING the rate of reaction in +ve/-ve direction ; & after some time temperature gradient becomes zero/neutral or else . = SOM1 = gases 2> Tea cup ; hot tea in stainless steel or China dish . SOM2 = Solid . 3> Hot tea !! in tea cup !!. SOM3 = liquid . physical &/ chemical properties of 04 SOMs are altered by a chemical reaction , like boiling of potato / making karela ! . In the presence of 1 OOATMP OF EARTH : - say cold milk added 10 ml in hot black tea in SS/Fe/soil tea cup(steam railway engine ) - 70 ml/100 ml . t milk = a ; t hot black tea = b ; tb - ta = temperature gradient del T ; at time t' = 0 second . As rate of reaction progresses in +ve direction in this example del T becomes zero ; Heat dissipation curve on x-y graph, on x-axis = time in milliseconds , on y-axis = temperature gradient in degree centigrade .(the analogy of capacitor charging[for heating of water !] & discharging[heat dissipation curve on x-y graph from hot kalsee/aluminium os SS to water !]). Sanjayrao Shankar Shedge Pressure Law : - The pressure build up due to the molecules of a state of matter is directly proportional to the heat energy transfer or exchange between 2 states of matter in consideration in the presence of /&/ obviously occurring Earth's atmospheric pressure which we logically assume to be 25 into 10 raise to 50 Kg per centimetre square ! You sent 18 May at 13:02 All this happens in a stipulated time frame/period aptly ! Conversion of heat energy from Aluminium Hawkins Pressure cooker (6 litres) to water in Hawkins pressure cooker = X , Continiously increasing Steam Pressure inside Hawkins Pressure cooker = Y ; so our Law says X into Y :- This is Analogus to Law of conservation of Energy stated as Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be converted from one form to another form ; eg. Petrol into motion of Bajaj Platina motorcycle !! We assume optimistically Velocity of Heat transfer within 2 SOMs in CONSIDERATION = Velocity of light , non-prismatic = 3 into 10 raise to 8 m/s ! (unit ; Power is the rate at which Work is done in Joules !)

he worked at a patent office when he came across all these ideas - ever thought about that?

It’s a very interesting hypothesis, but I think he may have overplayed the see through to the previous aeon part. Depending on the place or those objects in the past, and our present, they may be too faint or have become casually disconnected and the theory could still be correct. If we evolved 15 billion years from now, we wouldn’t have the evidence of the microwave background which certainly limit our understanding.

Is that Einstein's projector?

Light = Bounce

I appreciate and approve of Sir Rodger Penrose's analytical skills in arriving at CCC Universe Actuality, even though the temporal relative-timing ratio-rates of transverse trancendental cross-sectional probability compositions, those real-time aspects of ONE-INFINITY Singularity that are e-Pi-i Perspective shaping in i-reflection containment inside-outside vanishing point-zero-infinity, is not yet recognised in QM-TIME Completeness. (Early days, the kids in High School are going to sort this out, it's urgent)

IMO: Information is not destroyed by a black hole. It is simply out of sight.

How can infinity have a “boundary?”

Read balloon inside balloon theory of matter and antimatter universes on opposite entropy path producing dark energy at common boundary and injected into both the universes.

A crystal ball shows a similar image of a black hole

Timefoil

Se merecía (ROGER. PENROSE) el PREMIO NOBEL..... JUNTO A HAMEROFF

Who is here after the nobel prize annunciation!

Just imagine being infinite and being spaghetti...😂😂😂m gonna make a string of planets....And wear it...😍😍😍

"As we understand it" or as we observed it.

Does it seem like Einstein became somewhat unimaginative, dogmatic and closeclose-minded as he got older? 26:12

Airfoil

If photons have no mass then gravity has no effect. Why does light “bend” as in an eclipse? What is the force?

Dommage que ce genre de titre ne soit remis à titre postume, mais un jour, la science aura une pensée pour #modeljanus de Jean-Pierre Petit. Let us give voice to the oppressed : ukposts.info/have/v-deo/j4GDh2aYfWh4moE.html

Unfortunately the universe has its own way of doing things no matter what Einstein thinks

Einstein S amazing kabbala bs👈😀😀😀

150 years of mathematics???

I learned almost nothing during this lecture unfortunately. The man is so brilliant that he doesn't realize he's giving a quick summary of his knowledge rather than teaching.

Imagine how much plastic did PowerPoint prevent from being released into the environment as transparencies...

4.38 a flys eye

Eibsteins philosophical interpretation was just naive

roast = pang-gang worm = ca-cing ta-nah peanut = ka-cang ta-nah

Thank you Roger for calling out the rediculous false sheet with ball representing spacetime. Those illustrations are embarrassing

Sir Roger would need to start thinking about the meaning of reality. Then he might be able to distinguish between illusion and reality.

if i understanding the title correctly, you are proposing to replace one set of fictional model by another set of fictional model? why not instead throe all the fictional models in dustbin of ignorance and return to real science of space and matter. to justify all the accolade bestowed on you. please tell me what element makeup a black hole to have the size and gravity. what is structure of photon? what is nature of gravity and how dose the two interact. after all subject is physical world. you may not know, but I do know all physical object have structure. Including photon, electron, nuclei and the forces. Full details in my 1975 Bremen summerhouse notes or on official request. The content of which being released discreetly to selected scientist in Russia, India and China. MG1

species in solution sally sells sea shells where mathematics e and I gravity different the story of phi(io) levitation alien species bubble bubble bubble chemistry pass the gravy moons gravity fields in a teacup wawa petal crybaby tell mi a story grand dad.In the Dodgson style dodecahedron alice chalice Charlie Dodgson carroll lewis tep expresso coffee iss space station dark matter dark energy all gone fishing want some more oh underground volcano really dark flat fish boat/bolt dark energy thunder cloud coffee with mathematician Charlie Dodgson sir roger ~! riemann hypothesis in effect write z-ero l-ove egg you on twaite a minute minnow. I&e mathematics soul/sol fresh wawa water cry cruptic

Information is not irritrieveable...God said as an example that every hair on your head is counted...and since God is omnipotent...it is always accessible.

Foa all his genius Roger really needs to get to grips with Powerpoint! Lol

I was disappointed with interstellar too. would feel better arguing about it with kip thorn if Penrose had my back. if I type Einstein it gets capitalised; Penrose, capitalised; soz kippy me boy.

He should find himself a data artist.

the 3-d jack make nice model for myself Nicolas tesla 369 fun childs toy just as much fun with the 'tippe top' niel bohr wolfgang pauli 'cern' design building electric magnetic wave from light to electromagnetism she god the jack 369 fun geometry mathematics model. up down top bottom strange charm spin doctor. rotating non rotating charged non charged pineal pine cone manly p hall riderless white horse sir roger penrose ten avatars

Tossing the lame eye prescription politics of forgetful brain-dulling bent spacetimes in general: If observed blueshift is an effect partly conforming to observer gravity not an effect conforming only to light source gravity, flipping the magnitude of an observed shift restores realism to remote gravity measurements, undoing the light channel's cumulative effects, also it conforms to supposing all changes to falling rates, and to frequency rates, must run together in the same direction. However, not taking shifts literally but instead taking them flipped inside out would disagree with the trampoline-type "matter stretches spacetime" lensing theory used to explain the paths of mass particles and light bending toward mass. Despite that flipping around frequency shifts would agree with a round mass compressing the closest space around it the most, just like it compresses another mass the most on its surface, the curved spacetime theory for flipped gravity shift remote inference-making (anti deSitter space) says mass must repel light and bits of matter in space. Ultimately, neither of the two complementary bent spacetime tropes is completely realistic. General Relativity basics for light: Mass media fun house holy sacrament: Special Relativity's Perfectly Flat Everlasting "c" bends everything for more simplicity: Using GR, you can measure distance with light by counting wavelengths of a known frequency (X wave-cycles/meter) and measure time with light by counting oscillations of a known frequency (Y wave-cycles/second). Supposing speed of light is constant, blue-shifted light's faster oscillation rate means time rate is faster, while a fixed count of its shorter wave cycles defines shorter meters. Faster seconds and shorter meters allow blue-shifted light to cover a constant number of meters per second. Red shift is handled similarly with the same result, namely a constant number of meters per second. Faster light is not the same as faster seconds or slower seconds: Don't stretch it in front of the class: When light (and space and time) is laterally compressed more when closer to a mass and compressed less when farther, what draws light toward mass faster than drawing it away? Answer is nothing, not even time reversal. When light (and space and time) is laterally stretched more when closer to a mass and less when farther, what draws light toward mass faster than drawing it away? Best answer GR is a model where stretchable space fabric gets pulled down by gravity pushing on top of it. When light is faster closer to mass and slower when further, what draws light toward mass faster than drawing it away? Answer is flat time, bent time, backward time, any kind of time. Believe it or not: Unbent time and unbent space also have the benefit of giving an easy accurate accounting of energy: Keeping wavelength constant while letting frequency vary means initially redshifted light realistically must be light initially slowed by decreased gravity. Same with a passing rumble-strip effect. Light frequency is independent of photon rate, meaning a constant-rate countable photon (or light pulse) source gives the only reliable light-based indicator for time rate. Heisenberg's uncertainty applied to light says a tight frequency source is a loose phase timing source, so atomic clock frequency means practically nothing about photon rate. Quiz: A green satellite looks blue from earth, green when you get up there. Eyes must've shrunk, and clock must be faster, shortened counts of light-waves now fit green. Thus: A) the light was blue until eyes shrank, B) the light started green and ended up blue, C) universal simultaneity is impossible, so keep time reliant on color, on frequency counts that must be frequently reset.

To this day gravity is still a theory. I'm really on board that the relative density and buoyancy of an object is all that is needed. Gravity is still an unproven theory

🇺🇳45:36

Gravity DEBUNKED by the mechanism of GAS BONDING ! This they should've known ! All downward falling motion, including Newtons apple, begins when active rising gas molecules in motion as an ENERGY FLOW become trapped and motionless within the process of BONDING together making solid objects, which as solid objects they can only fall downward. This is scientificly known as the mechanism of GAS BONDING, which take on a state of solid mass blocking out its electrons motion, it's fire power, thus become ENERGY LOCK lifeless dead gas molecules, and falls downward in real time, following its Electrons Unlimited Potential Velocity at the speed of light connects with the earth ENERGY CONSERVATION SYSTEM SYSTEM activitys, it's surface electro magnetic field at quantum levels establishing a downward falling path for trapped ENERGY LOCK lifeless dead gas molecules/solid objects only. Equating the above fact with the physical universe, same as Einstein E = MC2 equates with the physical universe . E = ENERGY = MM = MOLECULE MOTION = Molecules in motion within star flames earth gases birds and balloons plains and rockets, even us humans rise from molecules in motion creating an ENERGY FLOW, the ruling force of the universe. M = MASS = GB = GAS BONDING = Gas Bonding take on a state of solid mass blocking out its electrons motion, it's fire power, thus becomes ENERGY LOCK lifeless dead gas molecules, and falls downward in real time. C2 = LIGHT SPEED = E = ELECTRONS = Electrons Unlimited Potential Velocity at the speed of light connects with the earth earth ENERGY SYSTEM CONSERVATION SYSTEM activitys, it's surface electro magnetic field at quantum levels establishing a downward falling path for trapped ENERGY LOCK lifeless dead gas molecules/solid objects only. Gravity is a mythical concept that's mentally applied by Newton solely to guarantee needed results to its point of origin, the BRAIN.

not a good explainer