FIA: "we need to make engines of about 30 cars running race circuit maybe once every two weeks carbon neutral" ... conceived while flying to an event in private 747.

“Can a weed whacker power an F1 car?” Honda: “Oh you are ON!!!”

Knowing F1, I'd like to see what they could do with a two-stroke. I think it will be impressive, bar none.

I finally understand why two strokes have a tuned exhaust. Thanks man!

I can just imagine me turning on the TV on a Sunday and hearing the sound of 20 dirt bikes😂

As an RC airplane enthusiast loved how this video displayed perfectly how they work as well how a tuned pipe can make them produce more power!

As diesel two-stroke engines work very differently to petrol two-stroke engines, you really could create an F1 two-stroke engine if it uses the two-stroke cycle used by diesel trains. (Hint: it uses a looooot of forced induction and forced exhaust) Ferrari didn't remotely do it first. :)

F1 should use Rotaries. Just imagine 20 4 Rotors screaming down Monaco

The F1 fans be like : Look how they have massacred my boy.

Could you imagine a 2-stroke, turbo boosted, free-valve 10 cilinder screaming at over 18000rpm.

Id love to see a 2 stroke, 3 cyl (6 piston) turbocharged, opposed piston Achates engine, powered by liquid hydrogen or carbon neutral synthetic fuel with a beefed up ERS deployment. I could imagine them being mounted boxer style for low COG, retaining their stressed nature rather than employing a spaceframe, revving at insane RPM speeds with no valvetrain to worry about and being very durable to the point of 2-3 engines per season. It'd represent something quite useful to the future car industry in developing H2 or synthetic fuel.

2 strokes are incredibly good engines when engineered properly and their benefits are only enhanced by these awesome new E-fuels. Long live the 2 stroke engine!

Jerry, regarding 2-stroke exhaust: "It also smells amazing." Me, a fellow scholar: "You're goddamn right it does!"

12:00 I think you mean to say, "Ferrari solved the problem by copying Diesel engine Technology from 1938!" The only difference here between a Detroit Diesel, and the F134 is displacement, and Fuel type lmao.

One in two diesel locomotives in the US built since 1939 used a two stroke diesel with forced induction via a roots blower or turbo (with clutch so that it operates as a radial supercharger at low RPM to keep scavenging going), direct fuel injection, sump lubrication and exhaust ports. And in the 10 thousands of these engines were exported or powered ships and stationary equipment. They were made by a GM division called EMD and are still in production up to this day, and the engines have evolved a lot since 1939 with variable geometry turbo's and EFI, but are still based on that original design from 1939!

A good 2 stroke is always gonna be better for the displacement, as long as fuel emission and economy aren't concerns. Plus it would make it very exciting as a lot of 2 stroke development has halted so it would be amazing to see what would happen with 2 strokes with F1 money thrown at it. Shame we won't see it

Anyone else die a little bit on the inside? when he said, “almost 30 years ago back in 1994”….I was born in 94 😭

Just imagine the C9 Corvette as a mid engine v8 supercharged 2 stroke. Woah.

They can for sure design and improve 2 stroke to make way more efficient and powerful than anything before it and actually prove the theoretical projections comparisons to 4 strokes

I’ve learned almost everything I know about cars from donut media

Day 90 of asking Donut media to do either a Up To Speed or a Wheel house on the oil crisis

As a qualified mechanic you explained it way better than my college teacher. Should be doing education videos for real mechanics. With your teachings young mechanics would be eager to learn and be well informed. Great job 👏

You forgot to mention 2 stroke engines have issues with heat dissipation, because they have a combustion phase every time the piston is at TDC. A 4 stroke has a 'cool stroke' on the intake stroke when there is no combustion taking place. This effectively cools the piston crown, cylinder and valves. This also increases efficiency and the longevity of the engine. This issue also effects Wankel rotary engines, their combustion chamber sees no 'cool stroke' either, which is why rotary and 2 stroke engines exhaust manifold and tail pipe is always extremely hot, and also why they have issues with cooling.

Jeremiah: "Ferrari designs two stroke engine almost 30 years ago" Me : "ah, yes, back in the 70s, the golden age---" Jeremiah: "Back in 1994" dammit I'm old

It’s time to introduce the Diesel engine I guess. For fuel, just use frying oil from Mc Donald’s and all the other places that fries stuff. The whole track would smell fries and it would be awesome

fun fact: you can drastically change a 2 strokes power band even with the same expansion chamber by just using spacers before the expansion chamber. a longer pipe will pull harder down low and a shorter pipe will pull harder up high. i believe its due to the fact that the shorter pipe gets the pressure back to the exhaust port quicker hence holds the air fuel mix in better at higher rpms, the same logic applies the other way. when at low rpm and the piston takes longer to move up and down, the longer exhaust will have a delayed pressure wave holding in the air fuel mixture better when piston speed is lower. just my 2 cents

Can you include a list of the music used in the videos? There is a great eclectic mix - some of which I recognize (very choice tracks, btw) but others I want to add to my playlist. Love the channel. It tickles the Cali-boy in me. Bwaaap!

At this point the FIA is so stringent in its regulations, that a different, less-restricted, open wheel Motorsport class that could be used for engineers to go all out in all areas would be more interesting than what F1 has become.

"theres no separate system for lubrication" 2 stroke Detroit diesel: am i a joke to you!?

Very good explanation of how 2 strokes work. i already had the basic concept but this clears up some details.

In 1980, a number of Yamaha Bike Race engineers were seen at Ferrari. It was denied at the time, but has since been admitted. You mentioned that less power will be required from the IC engine and more from the electric side. That will be the death knell for F1. No-one likes the sound of the current V6 turbos and most would welcome a return of the best sounding F1 engines, the V10s.

Can you imagine the sound of a small-displacement, high-revving, 2-stroke V10 as the entire grid flies past? I want it.

Detroit diesel 2 strokes also had an oil sump, a pressurized intake via blower and exhaust valves. And they were some of the most prolific diesel engines for there time(and sound wicked too)

I'll say this, I'm fairly confident the engineers working for F1 will overcome a majority of the issues with the efficiency of a 2 stroke engine. Given enough money and time, these guys have performed miracles us silly UKposts watchers could only dream. They'll awe us all with their ingenuity.

Rotax has been doing amazingly clean, fuel efficient 2 strokes for years now for brp products

I can only really talk from a motorcycle racing pov as I am more into bikes than cars. But the only two drawbacks from 2-stroke engines was when racing them was getting the air/fuel mixture right and they were more likely to seize if you ran them too lean. Hence why you always had your hand over the clutch all the time in case it seized and the back wheel locked. But they were quicker and the smell of a 2-stroke is just heaven.

Donut: "Why F1 is Switching to 2-Stroke Engines" Also Donut: "...And that's why F1 is not switching to 2-stroke engines"

4 strokes don’t completely separate their intake, and exhaust cycles. There’re is a thing called overlap. Which is actually very important.

I feel like biofuel of some kind could double as lubricant, replacing the oil in a 2 stroke engine

just an amazing vids collection! a lot of useful information in all vids

We need that, the way 2 strokes can scream would be crazy with a good exhaust!!!

The craziest thing is, as a kid when I learned about how Detroit Diesel 2-strokes worked, I wanted to take that architecture shrink it down and make an F1 engine.

I thought about this as well. This engine design uses a wet sump, transfer port induction, a blower and direct injection. It also ads a simple barrel valve to the exhaust port to allow for asymmetrical exhaust timing (can close exhaust port early enough on the up-stroke to allow time for the fuel to atomize before the spark, but then open the exhaust port early enough on the downstroke to allow the cylinder to clear out before the fresh charge of air comes in. Keeps the simple construction of the 2 stroke, and ads only a simple barrel valve shaft down one side of the engine. Would save a LOT of weight on a V-6 or V-8 engine, and with no reciprocating parts pushing against springs, the exhaust barrel valves would be very reliable and require relatively little energy to operate. Further, this design would save space by making the expansion chamber un-necessary. Video is 3D printed mock-up. Roots type blower would be better at low revs than centrifugal blower shown, due to the pressure of a centrifugal blower rising with the square of the speed. ukposts.info/have/v-deo/baNkg4CMsIB7q6c.html

Check out the Rotax E-TECH - 800cc and 160 bhp. Skidoo snowmobiles use them with less weight and better fuel mileage than equivalent (1200cc) four stokes. Fuel is injected after the ports have closed so there is no smell. Rotax even have a turbo version for use at high altitudes. Exhaust has a variable height valve to give a wider power range. Inlet has reed valves to prevent blow back. Fuel is not run through the crank case so less oil is needed to keep the bottom end happy. Its also possible (with a small blower) to have a wet sump where air and fuel never goes into the crank case. This works well with V and Cross format engines.

"miss the sweet sound of F1" .. I've been missing it for 15 years XD

Your not “donating” at omaze. Your playing an online lottery with extremely out of proportion odds of winning and in the end only a tiny bit of your money actually goes to help. The majority goes straight to omazes pockets. That’s a really shady company y’all are partnered with there.

great episode. Lotus made a two stroke in 2009 if i can remember right, and I think it was a boxer. Magnificent piece of engineering art!

There has been some very interesting two stroke technology in marine outboard engines. Impressive power with economy can be had. With good emissions, compared to four stroke engines. Donut your selves have done the outboard engines. High-Pressure direct-inject fueling tech from the Evenrude/ Johnson stables.

Last time I came this early I earned the nickname, "two stroke bloke"

"Adding a sump and valves introduces complexity", yea, but it's still less complex than a 4 stroke ;)

It can be done and done even with valves and the turbo will help the scavenging and use direct injection to add fuel when it's uptimum, you could also use auto ignition to run the engine with the fuel

Great delivery and spot on explanation of 2 strokes.. Though I'm thinking for 2025, and the mention of bio fuel, perhaps something based on the Junkers Jumo 205, 2 stroke diesel, might be what they are hinting at..... Every combustion moves 2 opposed pistons instead of one, where the rest of the energy is released as heat in the head.(requiring much cooling) I think it might be Cummins that are playing with this concept.

When he said "almost 30 years ago" and presented a date of 1994 I was like "pfft no way". I was born in 1993 and im.....almost 30! shit hit me hard. Subscribe to Donut for your daily dose of reality.

Can't say it enough- I love the F1 content!

My father worked for Chrysler at the Huntsville Alabama plant as a electrical engineer. Back in like 88-89 they had a "Open House" where you could see airbags being blown up with slow motion high speed video of them, new cars, electronics of all sorts, and several prototype cars. One of them was (I kid you not) a prototype Dodge Shadow 2 stroke turbo. Don't ask me how, why or anyway how it all worked, as I know how 2 strokes work and at the time I was just a kid and my dad remembers the car and powerplant but doesn't remember anything about how it was setup. So Chrysler was playing around with 2 strokes as well back in the late 1980's.

I own some Puch p1's and more 2 stroke bikes love them you need to push/run with them and hold a button or lever and then the engine starts! kick (pedal) starts is possible but I like the old school way more! :)

"Clean" 2 stroke engines have been around for decades... as diesels. The Commer Knocker was a flat 3 cylinder 6 piston opposed design from the 1950's, and the Detroit Diesel 2 strokes powered trucks for over 50 years. Cummins is developing a 1000bhp, flat 4cyl 8 piston opposed, twin turbo, supercharged diesel. These designs could easily be adapted to petrol, and Koenigsegg's Free Valve tech would make them crazy efficient with clean exhaust.

Gotta love how Jeremiah's reppin' the two strokes, we need more content like this!

Two strokes were at home on the water in outboards where the extra power pulse helped push the prop through the water resistance. GM Detroit Diesel 2 strokes used a Rootes blower to scavenge the cylinders, it pushed fresh air into the cylinders to push out the exhaust.

when i was in school learning to be a car mechanic i designed an engine that was two-stroke with direct injection that won't scavenge exhaust in the intake its not so hard to design i was 16 then

there's already a 2 stroke supercharged production engine that existed, it was first made in the early 40s, sounds like Ferrari copied some cues from the old Detroit diesels that were 2 strokes

I'm interested in these 2 stroke improvements making their way into hybrid vehicles. Using electric for low end torque to supplement an efficient, high rpm, easily produced engine would make a lot more sense than adding electric motors to a hellcat (which will be coming).

Awesome vid man, I am an old " stressing old" 2 stroke performance guy . Now direct injection, super charged induction, oil sump and valves in the head you are describing an old Detroit diesel system LOL. But the fact of 2 strokes, there is 25-30% less torque compared to a 4 stroke, a less major fact these days is the RPM, 4 strokes have almost the same rpm as the 2 stroke but given the 2 stroke weight is lighter. But torque is the king, hp is the queen. The king moves the mountain in one shot very slow, the queen takes small chunks faster, but the mountain gets moved with in the same time frame. rpm X torque divided by 5252 = hp. Two strokes need to develop a little more torque instead of relying on weight and RPM.

I don't care about F1, but I'd LOVE to see MotoGP go back to 2 strokes! The sounds they used to make was amazing. Back them MotoGP and WSBK could live side by side because they were so different, but WSBK is nothing these days. It needs to happen.

I'd love to see a cooperation between KTM and Redbull to make a 2-stroke.

We really went from a legendary V12 and V10 to a damn 2 stroke lmaoo

Glad you enjoy that 2 stroke smell. I do as well. Nothing like that cloud of blue smoke and that smell. Running a '91 Johnson 90hp outboard and '93 efi 550 arctic cat snowmobile.

KTM has that fuel injected 2-stroke that doesn't need oil in the fuel. That engine seemed like a massive breakthrough to me.

I mean with the Oil Blow - By, Ferrari had a two stroke in 2019, so its already there :D

I had no clue this was happening but I hope it becomes a thing

While everyone loves a YZ250, a 2023 is basically an antique compared to a KTM250 XCW. Its got a fuel injection system that's been updated every year since 2018, put that on top on top of an engine and chassis that is amazing. Rotax and Evinrude have also done so much to keep it alive

There is a guy in Buffalo NY who did that in the 1980's with a Kawasaki 1300 and a supercharger on a drag bike. It was a fast four stroke but he somehow turned it into a two stroke with the exhaust valves and it was an absolute MONSTER! He used to turn it on after dark sometimes just for a few seconds and it would make all the security systems down the street go off.

Love that you’re a two stroke guy. Also love when you incorporate bike stuff

The donut team is simply unique! On other (not even car related) shows with multiple hosts you don‘t like them all…one or two favorites but the other 2,3,4,… aren‘t that nice or funny to listen to. Where as in the donut team you gotta love em all and they are all different in their own way but all funny and interesting to watch! Thx donut

The Ferrari mule motor prototype is exactly the kind of forward thinking I've always imagined behind any kind of next-gen spin on the 2stroke. Utilizing a cam for the exhaust where I'm sure some of the design principles we're inspired from Detroit Diesel designs, but all in all the combination of modern elements like direct fuel injection really cleaned up the dirtiness of what a 2stroke.

i think some 5 or 6 rotor engines would be a ground breaking thing for f1 and rotarys in general

a revving two stroke is a lovely sound, imagine F1 with the two stroke sound track that would be nice :)

2stroke that can rev up to 20k rpm . That would be awesome.

Also look at skidoo etec, direct injected 2 stroke and bearing/cylinder is also oiled by a separate system.

Been away for a bit. I like this guy and crazy as I just got into bikes about 7 months ago. Nice to see they included bikes

"2 strokes are ancient technology" Sad 2 stroke diesel noises

I run 670cc rotax 2 strokes in my 85 honda odysseys. F1 would be like a scaled up street version of that. So sick imagine the noises.

3:25 there common in motocross with dirt bikes like the Yamaha YZ line-up and the Kawasaki KX line-up, although Honda ended its 2-stroke CR line-up, so Honda can adapt its 2-stroke technology to F1

I'd like to see a engine designed like the old Detroit diesel engines, 2stroke diesel, with valves, 2-4 valves per cylinder, the intake is at the bottom of the cylinder, and they scream when you get on the throttle! Just imagine one with a better cam, bigger valves, ported cylinder sleeves, running a huge intercooler, with about 60psi boost, with a light weight crank rods and Pistons, a light weight block and head, using the most efficient supercharger, plus dual compound turbos, like a 8-92, =92 cid x8, Nearly 750cid, even a hotrod version of a 6-v71 or inline 6-71 , 71cid per cylinder! Running 4-6 bar boost with cool air! Maybe make a gas, or nitromethane/methanol version, direct injected , a 4340 crank , titanium rods, light weight forged Pistons, a light weight billet flywheel, a light weight timing chain to replace the heavy gears, it's only $500k to get started, maybe a 24v-92! 24cylinders at 92cid each cylinder! 😎, And that only the next to largest engine, they also have one over 100cid per cylinder, of two stroke diesel power,!!

The way Jerry says "Oil" keeps me up at night

Detroit diesel has been kicking ass for decades with it’s 2 stroke wizardry .

Hey, design your own. It's fairly simple. I went to tech school for motorcycle mechanics, and full gas to 2 stroke snowmobiles, can be an efficient way to start. Use a bore and stroke formula to compute your power by RPMs, then assume changing the location of the spark and add an oil ring, then fuel computer formula, top it off with Dyno and print time for your total cost for rip the track speeds.

What about logitudinal scaveging with angled ports. The engine gets a bit heavier, but you get oilsump separation and while you need fuel injectors and valves you get scary good scaveging and very effektive engines.

Donut! Do an episode where Jerry does a garage tour and talks about all his bikes. Also, do more episodes on bikes!

Emissions killed 2 strokes they always had a better power to weight ratio. Long live the 2 smokers!!!!

You missed the BRP E-Tec engines that are in snowmobiles and outboards. Modern 2 stroke design that is efficient and clean (relatively).

Your main description is of the common "Loop Scavenged" 2 cycle design, and the Ferrari version with the supercharger, is just a hybrid version of the Loop Scavenged design. Detroit Diesel (aka GM Diesel Power 1937 - 1965) developed and used the "Uniflow" 2 cycle design in all their 2 cycle diesels in displacements of 53, 71, 92, 110 & 149 ci. per cylinder. The Series 71 engines (71 ci per cylinder / 4.25" x 5" B&S) were built from Jan. 1938 through Nov. 1995 - (57 yrs 11 mos). They also had a 51 series diesel (1951 - 1959) in 2 and 4 cylinder versions that were "Valveless", but were NOT scavenged by piston/crankcase pressure. Like GM's other 2 cycle diesels, they incorporated replaceable "wet" cylinder liners, however they had "timed" large air Intake ports at the bottom and three (3) large exhaust ports near the top. Intake & Scavenging air was supplied by a Roots blower, via a cylinder surrounding "air box" which was cast into the engine block and sandwiched in between upper & lower engine block water jackets, and completely by-passing the crankcase just like all the other 2 cycle "Uniflow" GM/Detroit Diesels. They (Series 71) had both 2 or 4 valves per cylinder - all exhaust, and an "air box" that was cast into the block and completely surrounds the lower 1" of the cylinder liner (replaceable) where the oval intake ports formed a complete circle in the lower portion of the cylinder liner. The intake air for scavenging and cylinder filling was slightly pressurized at approximately 4 psi on the "naturally aspirated" engines (with helical twist 3 lobe rotor Roots blowers), and at about 17 - 20 psi on the turbocharged versions (beginning in 1975), which had to blow through the roots blower(s), which were retained for starting and lower rpm throttle response. The Roots blowers were later modified and upgraded to two versions of bypass blowers (bypass & High bypass [marine]) to help eliminate the "bottleneck" of turbo boost trying to get past the blower lobes. The scavenging & fresh air intake charge Never went through the crankcase and the engines had fully pressurized oiling systems just like those of 4 cycle engines, including pressurized oil cooled pistons on their big Series 149 engines (5.25" x 5.25" B&S = 149 ci per cylinder / only "square" engine of the DD series). They were also Direct Injected using "Unit Injectors" where the fuel was metered and pressurized within each injector itself and rocker arm actuation via camshaft and short pushrods. In a small Uniflow designed gasoline (or whatever "sustainable fuel" they will burn) fueled 2 cycle developed for F1 (or whatever), they could easily replace the Roots type blower & turbo set-up with a suitably sized, Gilmer belt driven (toothed), or direct crank driven Centrifugal Supercharger to supply the air at starting rpm and all the way up to WOT (Wide Open Throttle)... a Far better and more powerful design than the Loop and Hybrid Loop (supercharged), scavenged 2 cycles commonly seen and known in gasoline fueled 2 cycle engines.

A perfected 2 stroke would make more sense for hybrid electric vehicles as it would have the highest power to weight which would mean the vehicle would be lighter and the engine will take up less space

Soon they’ll be using 4 cylinders

If they planned to remove combustion from the drivetrain, I could definitely see a place for two strokes. I can see a time where electric motors and lightweight capacitors could replace the combustion engine completely. You could then include a 2 stroke engine powering a small high output generator, for charging the capacitors This could allow for smaller power systems for weight and the two stroke can be designed for what it is designed for High RPM stationary (little change) work environment

Astonished that your that funny and entertaining and completely understand the engineering ... that pretty much makes you a party of one

The funniest part of any video Jeremiah hosts is when he laughs at his own jokes.

Would've been cool to hear about some more modern cleaner 2 strokes like what BRP does in etec engines. Oil injection, Reed valves, an turbo 2 strokes from the factory. They're doing pretty cool stuff. They also make the only 2 stroke outboards anymore (I think)

Reminds me of The lovely smoke screen from my 2 stroke bike when starting in winter.

Ships have been using 2 stroke supercharged diesels with a standard wet sump for around 80 years. They are some of the most efficient engines in existance, with about 50% thermal efficiency. A series hybrid setup in future F1 cars could work quite well as the engine could be tuned for higher power and lower emissions in a very narrow rpm band. Mazda is exploring a similar idea but with a rotary for their hybrids