Note to self: create a motherboard company called Leg that specializes in Arm cpu sockets. Linus will have to buy my boards, the joke will be too tempting!

0:28 Did you know the group promoting the use of ARM CPUs in servers is called the Linaro Enterprise Group, or LEG for short?

Would love to see an update on this two and a half years later, interesting how far its gotten Edit: now four years! Edit: after five years, the madlads did it.

Linus: "have you ever sat in the bath and thought 'how can I build my own CPU'?" Me: How did you know?

Man, LTT has become a *lot* more interesting lately with videos about Linux and RISC-V etc. I love this. =) Honestly I had kind of stopped watching LTT, but I'm starting to pay more attention to the channel now with this new content. =)

I think the best part of x86/x86_64 is combing through the 4000ish page combined manual set from Intel and discovering that processor cores play musical chairs to decide which core runs when booting up the system.

2021: RiscV starts producing 12nm, outperforms Intel

10:59 Linus: "Previously some fantasy architecture would have to be used" MIPS: "Am I a joke to you?"

Linus dropped the old logo and broke it didn't he?

That is the cutest CPU cooler I've ever seen

And so Huawei likely will go for RISC-V to build their next Kirin processor without any worry of US ban (ARM license)

Yes I have a line of cpu's in mind: LEG cpu (Legitimate Extreme Goodness) FINGER cpu (Fantasticly Inexpensive and Greatly Enduring Resillience) NOSE cpu (Never Overpowered Seriously Ecofriendly) BRAIN cpu (Benign and Really Artificial Intelligent Now) MOUTH cpu (Mostly Overrated and Unbelievably Terrible Heuristics) LIPS cpu (Largely Integrated Problem Solving) NAIL cpu (Nice, Another Indifferent Loser)... really 'nailed' it with this one.

My CPU brought me here

I'm happy with Linus's recent interest in the world of open source. Keep up the coverage!

So 8 years ago when I was learning computer architecture, they taught us MIPS and x86 (32 bit). Looking forward to RISC-V tho, gonna be great to have open architectures!

I love this! I can't wait until everything goes open source so that we can see faster advancement in computer technology development. You have given us great news, thanks!

Literally nothing happened in that video but it was incredibly well scripted so I was hooked from the start. Even not knowing anything about CPU architecture I still understood EVERYTHING

I like where these videos are going. I enjoy how you clearly breakdown why new technologies are relevant and important. Plus, you're introducing new ideas for all the nerds out there. Im going out to learn more about risc dev now.

I really love your videos!

This system reminds me of how the Altair computer worked in the 1970's where your CPU was a a smaller board that plugged into a FPGA like board, and connected to the RAM, and other cards via a plug.

Honestly this technology makes me more excited than the launch of RTX.

I love the "fu540" naming more than I should...

One of the best presentation and video from Linus. I love this polished format, please cover more revolutionary tech like this one.

I'm just seeing this now but this kind of stuff gets me so excited for the future of computing! I hope some day we see more openness in these kinds of things, wether it be architecture or even the hardware. If you like stuff like this like me, definitely check out raptor computing systems and power9 by IBM.

Actually, it's not so much new logo that's throwing my mind into a "loop"....it's the COLOUR scheme! So used to orange w/ white, black, grey....that the purple & red? is seriously just messing with my mind 😅

This video is much more important than any of the normal videos on this channel. Projects like this are the only chance to defeat the disgusting surveillance monopoly corporations.

I love this! First, your video rules! Second, I was a z-80 and 8080 Assembly programmer in my younger days. We used the same dozen instructions ALL THE TIME. So definitely, I can understand the need for a small-but-useful instruction set. I have designed a CPU with only 16 instructions, and they are the ones I used all the time when I was programming. Makes the silicon very efficient and cheap when you can do that.

i like how AMD is always pushed out of the way even though they made x64

Linus: "After I tell you about our sponsor..." Me: "Tunnel Bear!" Linus: "Noble Chair!" ...... close enough

*Shoutout to linus media group for making the ads and intro only 10 seconds each so i can easily skip over it*

"After a word from our sponsors" Me: skips 20 seconds

Would love to see more educational and promotional content for a free instruction set like this. Im a college student & today after I come back from an Algebra exam I have, Ima take up risc-v assembly. It seems fun, and seems like an easier 80386 which I've already had a course on.

I really would love for an Open Source architecture would become standard. It would benefit everybody in the long run.

This is a really interesting bit of tech, because it has a lot of growth potential. But when it becomes cheaper, this would be an amazing tool for many tech hobbyists.

I’d like to take a moment To thank Linus and his team for doing a great job of explaining this. Keep up the great work!

The FU 540, soon to be included with the SUX 9000 graphics chip.

"FU" 540, later more FUs will be released.

Who follows a tech channel and dislikes a video about an open source processor?

The IBM Personal Computer actually used the slightly older Intel 8088 (although the 8086 had already been invented).

Just to clarify a point that was lightly insinuated. If you do a little bit of research about what the risk architecture is compared to other architectures, It doesn't actually have to do with the number of instructions. It's pretty counter intuitive, but it's actually referring to the length of the instruction word. Just a heads up!

I saw the Rambus logo in there. Who let those crooks in on RISC-V? Has everyone forgotten how they sneakily filed patents on RDRAM when it was supposed to be an open and royalty free replacement for SDRAM, spearheaded mainly by Intel and Micron? DDR came about, without the Rambus crooks involved, because of those patents. RDRAM died a fairly quick and well deserved death, but that didn't stop Rambus from suing everyone they pretty much stole the RDRAM IP from.

Well open source software has been proven to be a major factor in software development and now runs super computers and 60+ percent of the servers on the internet. It only makes sense to do the same for hardware at some point. Proprietary lockdown and expensive licenses stifle innovation. I look forward to seeing this hardware evolve.

A difficult topic to put together. I was the TA fir computer organization last semester and we used RISC-V sandbox and Dinero as cache simulator. Really really optimized instruction set.

Were actually learning the ins and out of RISC-V at university. Talking about Pipelining Speculative execution And the basic layout of a CPU Architecture. It's quite amazing and fun to learn about.

The fact that for my senior design project in electrical engineering we are designing a RISC-V computer demo for classrooms just makes this video all that more amazing!

I would invest in this, but my advisors say this is too RISCy

I love how you find new ways of introducing the sponser. Ads suck in general but at least you make them better. And usually stuff we would be interested in anyways. Good show old man

I watch this even though I don't know anything about computers. I've been able to pic up a couple things. I know other channels do this but if you guys made a channel where you take noobs like me from ground zero of tech knowledge and teach us this informations. Would be so cool man. So cool. Just like everything about computers and all these parts and how they work and stuff.

Not even remotely surprised Apple wasn't on that list of companies...

i imagine that the cost to license CPU architecture would be a bit... DisARMing

Well... I have to say I've been thinking how can I design my own CPU!! Ben Eater has a great video which started my path into that treacherous path...

Yes I did actually ask myself that question. And it was actually the final project in one of my college courses to design a CPU on an FPGA device -- a simple RISC CPU based on all the material we had learned throughout the course. (Well known, not under NDA material)

Before, the MIPS was used in textbooks. The authors of MIPS were the same ones of the first book that is shown in the video. MIPS chips used to power SGI workstations and now they can still be found in appliances. The MIPS was a very clean architecture and it was very suitable for teaching. About the complexity of x86 / x64: they are complex but the complexity is meant to be hidden by the compiler as you are probably not supposed to code in assembly any more. The various OP codes that were introduced during the years are used for very specific optimizations, such as vectorization, and they are used to enable some very specific compiler made optimizations or (re)write bits and pieces of specific libraries, e.g., the inner loop of some decoding algorithm. Other architectures were open sourced in the past, such as PPC and, on some extent, SPARC but they never landed anywhere. As for the customization part, ARM does the customization too for many customers and that seems to be the game AMD is playing as well in more recent times (especially for the consoles market).

I didn't hear a thing... JUST LOOK AT QUAKE 2 !!!

this is one of your best videos - it was very interesting and i learned a lot. Please more on open source stuff, it is really interesting and you have a unique style showing the benefits. Thanks.

THIS! THIS IS EXCITING! I absolutely LOVE this! And on top of that, the way to provide the content and explain it with such detail really convinces me you're an expert on the subject, even if you are just reading a script. Your writers do amazing work researching their subject and you do a great job presenting it!

Wow this is actually really awesome. I've always wondered how Intel and AMD were pretty much allowed to be the only two major cpu manufacturers on the planet. This is really cool.

content has been really intresting lately keep up the good work @linustechtips

the distinction between CISC and RISC was the first thing I learned my junior year of university, I really do hope RISC comes back into the limelight as it's the only way we'll be ale to further push miniaturization now that we'e hitting an atomic wall

My uni just integrated RISC-V into the curriculum this year so I learned RISC-V assembly instead of ARM assembly.

I miss the old Logo

I never thought that I'd see the day that Linus uses a $5 HD 6450. I thought that he'd put at least a GTX 1060 in there.

Very good context for appreciation of new CPU developments. This also pushed my own interest in researching and buying a capable RISC machine as soon as possible.

I haven't been this excited about hardware in a long time. Thanks for this video!

Like the new videos doing deep down geeky stuff, docker, Linux gaming, risc, etc. All great, well scripted and a welcome departure from just another pc build. Keep them coming.

"after I tell you about our sponso-" *presses forward arrow a couple times*

There has been a 'Home' computer using RISC, and in a way linked to RISC V.. The old BBC Archimedes computers used a RISC based processor (the ARM, Acorn RISC Machine - Acorn making BBC Micro's of course) which was designed by Sophie Wilson and inspired by Berkleys research into RISC back in the 1980's. That research being the root from which RISC V was developed.

There were a few inaccuracies about microcode, microcode isn't in current cpus for backwards compatibility or legacy, it is needed. The microcode tells the cpu what every instruction means and what to do in general, it takes care of dirty bits, deals with interrupts, latches and much more, it also makes sure that no app is reading data it shouldn't. Microcode is an essential part of any cpu

There is a startling lack of RISC v. CISC arguments in the comments.

Who else misses the old logo

RISC-V sounds like a good base for a programmable architecture, where you not only can add commands through micro-code coding but possible run foreign architecture tasks using a similar trick - something a FPGA is needed for today. One could use something like this to run multi-architecture applications in parallel at a decent, though not overly high speed. It could also be used to allow a X86 system for compatibility, with the instruction set loaded / infused by the system BIOS on boot rather than being preinstalled, which can run RISC-V coded applications for top performance.

this was interesting! I remember the launch of Acorn Archimedes in 1987 we the computer nerds back then was very exited and then no real news until today about RISC!

linus is the man that does not give a damn about a new graphics card,all tech channels focus on thw new gpu's

Before this RISCV architecture we studied MIPS. Hennesse-Patterson previous books were based on it, and this is pretty much not invented just for learning purposes, as exists market for MIPS. But this new one seems much more interesting due to the personalization available. Cool

"FU 540 which stands for Freedom Unleashed" That's like a Stallman joke :D

Episodes like this is why we love you Linus

I love how Linus approaches sponsors in such an upity way, make my giggle every time.

Connected to European vpn. Damn wish ads are annoying.

11:38 "speaking of time , if you find yourself with some time with your hands..." linus predicted what's gonna happen even 1 year and a half before it happened

I'm really wondering if one day Linus is gonna talk about the Cell processor, you know, the one the PS3 used

ARM is also RISC (Advanced Risc Machines). Just FYI. Intel and AMD are CISC.

It looks like this will help smaller companies become semi popular instead of having Intel and amd hog the market and I'm all for competition.

Its good to know that, there would be good implementations on fpga plus the posibility to add more instrucctions or other modules to the microprocessor.

Would Like to see an update on it man. Like current scenario apple shifting to arm based m chips and all So Risc-V also going great

Lmao what happened to the profile picture Edit: why tf did this get so many likes for a genuine question? Lmao ty tho

Awww, Linus learns the archaic architectures whilst researching his open source hardware? I'm proud of you! ISA was probably the basis of that RISC-V port, oh wait there's a RISC-V ISA page featuring Berkeley!

@10:44 R.I.P MIPS ISA. I just took our Comp Arch class last semester with it. Shame I couldn''t take it with RISC-V but I'll definitely try and take a look under the hood in my free time.

Thank you for ARM and RISC, Cambridge!

Your historical dates are off by a decade... "Core" memory was developed during the 50s, not the 60s... The Space Race and Integrated Circuit developement occurred during the 60's, not the 70s. The first microprocessor, the Intel 4004 was developed as a controller for military jets in the late 60s and the later 8008 was used as a traffic light controller and was also the first really programmable hobbyist chip. The first "personal computer" kit came out in 1972 using yet again an updated CPU, the 8080. PC history did not start in 1982 with the 8088 and the IBM PC (NOT the 8086 as you imply)… There was a full decade of computers like Altair, Imsai, NorthStar, Compupro, Cromemco and more on the Intel side. There were a few Motorola 6800 based systems and of course the 6502 based systems like Apple, Commodore, Atari, etc. for the hobbyist before then.

3:10 the word Matsushita had the 'shit'-part censored in post, well played

Less than 5 years later, I have my own RISC-V SBC to play with (VisionFive 2).

Burn: Risc architecture is going to change everything. Crash: Yeah, Risc is good. - Hackers

Thank god for this. Closed-source ISAs need to die, especially CISC ones like x86. x86 is burdened with needing to have backwards compatibility; it has glaring security issues like its backdoor Intel Management Engine (IME, or for AMD their PSP) which, theoretically, means that Intel (or national governments) could see everything in memory including your passwords, commandeer microphones or webcams, remotely shut down your computer, etc.; there are hundreds of undocumented instructions which have already been shown to introduce various vulnerabilities; and to top it off, it's not even efficient or anything. For the above security reasons, the FSF does not recommend any Intel hardware made since c. 2008. For the sake of security, especially, it is important that people are freely able to audit not just their software, but their hardware as well.

First RISC V laptop is launched. Are you guys going to continue?

PowerPC's Force ghost looks on in approval.

For anyone interested J2-Core is also very appealing when it comes to embedded applications.

quake 2 is a masterpiece god damn those hidden keys are hard to find, both on dlc and original game

It's not quite as simple as "teach the young'uns in school and they will stick with that architecture after they get out of school." My favorite architecture in college was the PDP-10 architecture. It wasn't RISC, but it was designed to be easy to program in, both for computer programmers working in the assembly language and compiler writers. The instructions were fixed length and there were versions for each operation that took either operand from memory, and it had a generous complement of registers that could be used for fixed point or floating point operands. All very well thought out, no surprises. But once I graduated I discovered that PDP-10 wasn't all that popular in the real (business) world. It was either program for IBM 360 or find another line of work, so I quickly adapted to working with that icky, legacy, not so well-thought out and rather messy architecture called System 360 with it's separate set of registers for fixed and floating point. Nowadays, of course, most people don't write in assembler anyway, they write in C or a successor high level language. But still, binary compatibility is important. People often don't have the source for programs they bought or built years ago and still depend on. Or maybe they have the source but not the compiler that understood the source. Or maybe the source is on a media that is no longer supported. These things happen. The new architecture has to find a "killer app", a new area of computing that it's good at, like x86 found with desktop computers and ARM found with with mobile phones. Otherwise the new architecture will sputter along as a mere academic curiosity. I took a quick peek at the specs at riscv.org/specifications/ and got as far as page 12. Frankly I'm shocked that they would want to teach with such an ugly little bastard of an architecture. It's got an unusually large number of 32 bit instruction formats, and they chop up their immediate values and stick them in the oddest unused corners of the instructions. It's not a clean spec at all. They have some good ideas, but the execution leaves a great deal to be desired. For a pedantic architecture this is exactly the kind of unnecessary complication and premature optimization you must avoid.

RISC designs have been bounced around for 30 years at least... I remember back in the 286/386 and 68020-40 days that they were trying to bring more RISC architecture up - glad to see someone else coming up with a true reduced system. Lets hope they get it implimented.

But can it run club penguin hentai at 4K resolution