The Cataclysm: The Outbreak of the War

The Cataclysm: The Outbreak of the War | Thirty Years War 1

День тому

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Europe, 1618: The Bohemian Revolt are just about to begin. Eventually they would hurl all central Europe into one of its worst tragedies, the Thirty Years War. In this video we tell the story of the outbreak of this “extremely complex conflict” as the Historian Peter Wilson refers to the Thirty Years War. In German and Czech history, the Thirty Years War occupies a place similar to that of the civil wars in the United States of America or Britain, or the revolutions in France and Russia: a defining moment of national trauma that shaped how a country sees itself and its place in the world. Religious belief and political power, social tensions, and constitutional errors, warmongering and appeasement - all played their part in bringing about one of the most tragic and devasting conflicts fought on German territory.
00:00-03:22 Introduction
03:22-06:50 Reformation, Peace of Augsburg 1555
06:50-14:07 Cracks in the Peace
14:07-15:00 Complex Geopolitical Interests in Europe
15:00-18:47 Brother's Quarrel & Letter of Majesty
18:47-21:07 Conflict about Bohemia and Defenestration
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Bibliography:
Guthrie, William, Battles of the Thirty Years War: From White Mountain to Nordlingen, 1618-1635, 2001.
Clifford, J. R., The military revolution debate. Readings on the military transformation of early modern Europe, 1995.
Clifford, J. R., Tactics and the Face of Battle, in: Tallet, F., (editor), European Warfare 1350-1750.
Frost, R., Northern Wars, State and Society in Northeastern Europe 1558-1721, 2000.
Höbelt, Lothar, Von Nördlingen bis Jankau. Kaiserliche Strategie und Kriegführung 1634-1645, 2016.
Münkler, Herfried, Der Dreißigjährige Krieg, Europäische Katastrophe, deutsches Trauma 1618 - 1648, 2019.
Parker, C., The Cambridge History of Warfare, 2005.
Roberts, M., Gustav Adolf and the Art of War (first printed 1955), in: Essays on Swedish History, 1967.
Rady, M., The Habsburgs, 2020.
Ribas, Alberto Raul Esteban, The Battle of Nördlingen 1634. The Bloody Fight Between Tercios and Brigades, 2021.
Spring, Laurence, The Battle of The White Mountain 1620 and the Bohemian Revolt 1618-1622, 2018.
Van Nimwegen, Olaf, The Dutch Army and the Military Revolutions, 1588-1688, 2010.
Von essen, M. F., The Lion from the North: Volume 1+2 The Swedish Army of Gustavus Adolphus, 2020.
Wilson, Peter, The Thirty Years War: Europe’s Tragedy, 2009.

КОМЕНТАРІ: 480

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

Improve your internet security With Nord VPN: nordvpn.com/sandrhoman It's risk free with Nord's 30-day-money-back-guarantee CORRECTION: 17:08 We messed up the Philips. It's Philip III, not Philip II! The image is also wrong, it's portraying Philip IV. Sorry for that!

@CommissarCasper Рік тому

Just bought your pike and shot canvas, and a Spanish burgundy flag off Amazon lol

@ArtilleryAffictionado1648 Рік тому

@@CommissarCasper that's awesome!! I'm thinking of buying a full size HRE flag and some fake tercio paintings.

@CommissarCasper Рік тому

@@ArtilleryAffictionado1648 love it, that’s awesome

@renerpho Рік тому

Another correction: The comet of November 1618 was C/1618 W1, not 1P/Halley. Halley's comet had last been seen in 1607, and reappeared in 1682.

@SandRhomanHistory 9 місяців тому

@bastiat4855 the pile of manure is probably protestant propaganda. We talk about it in more detail in the video about the Bohemian Revolution.

@sineprodyn Рік тому

My personal favourite fact about the second defenestration is that the secretary escaped to vienna and - as a reward - was granted the titel "von Hohenfall", which translated to "of Highfall"

@petrpinc7695 Рік тому

This was the third defenestration

@theicepickthatkilledtrotsk658 Рік тому

Before the world wars, the Thirty Years War was the most devastating war in European History. It resulted in a death toll of approximately 8 million

@genghiskhanthereaper6327 Рік тому

AND OTTOMAN GOLDEN AGE CONQUERİNG OTHER EUROPEAN STATES ..

@lahire4943 Рік тому

The wars of the coalitions were certainly deadlier

@enalb5085 Рік тому

@@lahire4943 meh i don't think so the world wars were like tens of millions a year easy. Like Stalingrad was like 2 million alone

@MrSteveK1138 Рік тому

If memory serves me right, this conflict cost the greatest percentage (not the raw number of slain) of the European population in history.

@JohnWayneCheeseburger Рік тому

@@lahire4943 thirty years war was far far more bloody in raw numbers and percentile than the napolanic wars although they were devastating conficts

@EricMustardman Рік тому

It's an urban legend that the 2nd Defenstration of Prague didn't harm the three men who were thrown out of the window just because of a dunghill at the foot of the wall underneath the window. It's much more likely that the heavy clothes, especially the long thick coats, cushioned their fall enough so as to prevent lethal injuries. Moreover, since the building had tapering walls and the window was very narrow, the three men weren't flung out of it and thus didn't fall straight down, but more or less slid the 21 m down until they had reached the foot of the wall. Unlike the poor lot that had been killed in the 1st Defenstration of Prague in 1419, the three men didn't only survive their defenestration, they also managed to escape their pursuers and found refuge in the castle of Princess Polyxena of Lobkowicz, who defended them against the raging mob that wanted to see the three men dead.

@Johnny_Tambourine Рік тому

I'm guessing this was going to be covered in Part 2. Thank goodness you explained what happened next in the story instead.

@morewi Рік тому

@@Johnny_Tambourine yep there's always someone that types out a paragraph because he thinks he's smarter than the videomaker and audience

@genericpersonx333 Рік тому

@@morewi Ideally, we are all hear to learn, and anyone who has good information to impart should be given fair hearing. If we disagree, we can debate them, but we shouldn't abuse people for speaking at all since it is contrary to the goal of expanding our knowledge and understanding to deny voice in a forum. If you don't want to hear others speak, you can always decline to view the comment section of a video.

@morewi Рік тому

@@genericpersonx333 it's not the place for random anon to try and "um actually". Especially if what was brought up would be discussed later.

@magimon91834 Рік тому

Um actually angels carried them down to safety. Idiot

@marekbozdech5840 Рік тому

Fun fact. Diviš Černín z Chudenic - the captain who let the conspirators into the Prague castle was the only catholic executed at the end of the rebellion during the Old Town Square execution. One of the judges in the tribunal sentencing him was his brother Heřman who would also marry the widow left after Kryštof Harant another one of the executed rebells and Heřmans brother in law. Loved the video, looking forward for the White mountain!

@rickjames18 Рік тому

That's messed up, he killed him for his wife?

@richardaubrecht2822 Рік тому

@@rickjames18 No, Heřman Černín married the widow of Kryštof Harant, another of the executed. By the way that widow was Harant's third wife. His first wife was... the sister of Heřman Černín.

@manonanisland88 Рік тому

I discovered this channel Christmas Eve. I missed all family events over the past 48 hours learning things like how to conquer medieval Jerusalem and lay seige to star fortresses.

@ArtilleryAffictionado1648 Рік тому

I honestly wish i could delete all these videos to watch them for the first time again. Such a gem !!

@GeorgeMoulos Рік тому

"out the window, as is customary" thats a damn cold line

@DuffyTheGander Рік тому

Please continue videos like this! You done many top down videos covering battles of the war, but going through and detailing the politics and intrigue as in this video would paint a clearer picture, such as could be the case with the 30 years war anyway xD

@cascaderifles81 Рік тому

Very well done. The Thirty years war is very complicated. You did a great job making it understandable.

@QuantumHistorian Рік тому

Entirely agree! I could almost follow all the personal, political, and religious threads that were mentioned. As well as videos about the battles and military history that took place in the war (that I'm sure are forth coming), it would be great to have one that took this big picture view of the entire war and it's resolution from this political angle.

@samadams2203 Рік тому

Love how carefully and explicitly you explain each step.

@alvaroruiz4527 Рік тому

Its astonishing how the quality just keeps increasing!! You guys are great

@thehistorybard6333 Рік тому

Very excited for this, you are the perfect channel to cover the Thirty Years War!

@lobstereleven4610 Рік тому

Fantastic video! Looking forward to more on this subject! Thanks!

@carloshenriquezimmer7543 Рік тому

"Hey, we have this debate about public administration." "OK, just open the window first."

@kristiawanindriyanto5765 Рік тому

Really nice video to end 2022 with a bang! Keep up the quality historical contents.

@notsm Рік тому

Has man gone insane? A few will remain Who'll find a way To live one more day Through decades of war? It spreads like disease There's no sign of peace Religion and greed Cause millions to bleed Three decades of war... - Sabaton, Lifetime of War

@realhawaii5o Рік тому

Two ways to view the world, brought Europe down in flames... Two ways to rule!

@kingconstantinusthesadisti133 11 місяців тому

Without this war, there will be no freedom of religion, nor liberty later on.

@_SpamMe Рік тому

One of the messiest and thus deadliest wars in history (if it even can be called a single war), and too often vaguely dismissed as "yeah sure, religious war" (it clearly wasn't just that). Plus, the significance for the development of Europe politically but also socially cannot be overstated; loads of ideas we take more or less for granted now were sorta introduced as a reaction to the horrors of this period.

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

well said!

@theitalianliner1726 Рік тому

A Major in Late Medieval History, I am a huge fan of your channel. Great no-nonsense summary. I see you are moving from tactics to grand strategy.

@Bloodknok Рік тому

Hoping this is the start of a long series on this fascinating conflict

@charlesphillips1468 Рік тому

Thank you for this video. The Thirty Years War is indeed very complex, multi-level, multi-party conflict. In high school, I read Lynn Montross' opus War Through the Ages from cover to cover three times. I love Montross' style but he does tend to write for people who already know the facts, and reading his chapters didn't really teach me about the Thirty Years War. When I was finally in college after four years of military service (so I was older than most college freshmen), I was in the library supposedly doing research for my term paper for psychology class, when I discovered Dupuy & Dupuy's Encyclopedia of Military History. I started reading it and I was just wowed by the chronology format and presentation. I sat there and started immediately reading the Thirty Years War section of the Encyclopedia because it was something I knew I didn't understand. 👍

@townazier Рік тому

Great video! Though I would suggest making it clear somehow in the title, that it covers developments and situation leading up to the wars themselves, rather than the conflict. The point of view you present here is rarely covered and you do, as always, amazing job of such a niche topic. I am just worried the video might be overlooked as another thirty years war simple summary.

@Jos_V Рік тому

Love the content, i hope you keep it up in the new year!

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

I hope so too!

@augustbutler9096 Рік тому

Awesome please complete this series

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

Will do over the course of 2023.

@CaptainCed Рік тому

Another great video, thanks!

@IPMunteanu Рік тому

Brilliant presentation!

@DrKarmo Рік тому

Amazing video as always! You guys should try doing a lenghty series detailing the many battles of the thirty years war, like Kings and Generals and HistoryMarche, it would be great!

@joeshmoe8345 Рік тому

Really cool video, thanks for sharing with us boss.

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

Glad you enjoyed it

@ropeburnsrussell Рік тому

You have made this a little less confusing. Thanks.

@oriusnex 9 місяців тому

Thank you for this series! I've always been of the opinion that this is a defining era for the state of Europe and the world ever after, and should be much more well known by everyone.

@NKDuisburg02 Рік тому

As a German, the knowledge about the 30YW begins with the Fenstersturz von Prag. Thank you for enlightening the earlier actions.

@jurgbangerter1023 Рік тому

25% of Germany's population was massacred in the 30 year war because of the madness of an inbred RELIGIOUS CATHOLIC AUSTRIAN VON HABSBURG...already the 80 year war in the Netherlands was devestating..the von Habsburgs were a plaque on all humans in Europe and South and Central America, they were about the biggest mass murdererers in Europe's history and all this because they as Catholic Zealouts wanted to stay kings for ever...as soon a Protestantism took over democracies were established and the Royals all over Europe lost their heads..

@Kim-the-Dane-1952 Рік тому

Thank you so much for a very informative video. It is an excellent treatment of the subject and has taught me a lot about what lead up to this disaster.

@darthwalrus4740 Рік тому

Nice christmas decorations on the tree in the thumbnail! Oh wait... Won't have time to watch right now but will later, happy holidays guys!

@Gabrong Рік тому

Fortunately I've finished that piece long before setting up the Christmas tree :D

@nathanfreedy5974 Рік тому

Awesome video, great channel.

@KlausVonPollen Місяць тому

Excellent contribution.

@michaelmisczuk1188 Рік тому

This was excellent. Some of the comments are worthy of note, too.

@darrelneidiffer6777 Рік тому

This fills in a big gap for me, thanks.

@lerneanlion Рік тому

The biggest question that popped up every time I see the Thirty Years' War: Why Sultan Osman II did not join this war but go for the war against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth instead?

@maamass Рік тому

Perhaps due to the fact that they were also busy dealing with the Persians?

@kosa9662 Рік тому

Cause Zaporozhian cossacks started seriously raiding Ottoman's costal towns on Black Sea. One time they even raided suburbs of Constantinopol itself

@TheSunderingSea Рік тому

The Ottomans were more than happy to see their primary European adversary tied down in a war, and did not want to give the Christians any reason to pull a coalition together against them.

@vladimirbrabec69 Рік тому

Actually there were broken negotiations between Czechs and Ottomans but because reasons mentioned above, internal struggle and complicated logistics. Ottomans gave no support for Czechs.

@maxpower4436 Рік тому

amazing video thanks

@RoboticDragon Рік тому

Great video, thanks a bunch.

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

Glad you liked it!

@highlightboy23 Рік тому

This page and their videos deserve more subscribers and likes.

@gabrielvanhauten4169 Рік тому

incredible video

@etwothec Рік тому

you have good well researched scripts and graphics on your show, I think the audio is the only thing that could use a professional upgrade sounds like you're talking from a box far away.

@johnschlong5826 Рік тому

Very well done video

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

Thank you very much!

@sarahsidney1988 Рік тому

Cool video thanks

@raylast3873 7 місяців тому

The thing is, I don‘t actually think the 30 Years War (or anything else that happened before 1840) has nearly as much of an impact on modern Germany-especially psychologically-as people think. It had a defining impact on the makeup of post-Reformation central Europe, easily up to the Napoleonic Wars (or more accurately, French Revolution Shocks) and is therefore crucial to understanding the history of the polities of the era. But these polities and the social classes that made them up are gone decisively. I actually suspect that it‘s mostly a part of the national mythos that we are directly shaped by specific events in the distant past; in actuality, the consciousness of the masses is shaped predominantly and overwhelmingly by the present, and in fact the practical ways in which we are still involved in the same conflicts of say, the period since 1840 usually go unacknowledged and have little or no place in the national consciousness at all. What‘s actually shaping our lives are the Revolutions of 1848 and 1918 and their material results. But our memory of them is not shaping us, for the most part because it barely exists at all.

@CompagnoPietro Рік тому

I, by chance, happened to witness the reenactment of the second defenistrstion in Prague on it's anniversary while on vacation in Prague. I wasn't aware of the background.

@realhawaii5o Рік тому

0:10 A. It's an omen B. The end is nigh! C. The economy, fools! D. I wish we lived in more enlightened times... E. If only we had comet sense... F. Oh Comet, Devil's kith and kin...

@notalecguinness3221 Рік тому

Anyway, you lose 1 stability!

@realhawaii5o Рік тому

@@notalecguinness3221 f

@realhawaii5o Рік тому

@@notalecguinness3221 what if my ruler is a scholar?

@notalecguinness3221 Рік тому

@@realhawaii5o Fascinating! That's rather lucky for you, you gain some administrative power (I've had that maybe once :D)

@oguzkaganonder1331 Рік тому

I would advice you to take a look at Siege of Nagykanizsa 1601, as it is probably the most succesfull and perfect siege defense in history, it would be a great content for your amazing channel

@levicrandall Рік тому

0:09 If we only had comet sense! *-1 Stability*

@notalecguinness3221 Рік тому

Awesome that you start a whole series on the Thirty Years War! Better than only the spectacular events, I guess, because of the amount of context one need to know to have a clue what actually happened (and for what reasons). I hope you leave enough room for the last part of the war - it always fascinated me why the fighting never stopped even when peace was already negotiated. This war was so exhausting for all participants, even some authors of history books just seem to stop writing after 1635 and jump straight to Westphalia. But I have great confidence in the dedication and ressources of the channel that you manage to round up this bloody mess!

@Eamonshort1 Рік тому

Perfect timing, just started listening to hell on earth but was looking for a more concise summation of the prelude and beginnings, and this is it.

@notthefbi7932 Рік тому

One of the most confusing wars to keep up with 😬

@johnmorales6281 Рік тому

It's a good week when the big 3 of military history content creators makes a video....

@urosmarjanovic663 Рік тому

This has to be the best explanation of why and how 30-years' War begun I've seen on youtube.

@levitatingoctahedron922 Рік тому

doesn't mention semitic finance. it's the kosher explanation.

@urosmarjanovic663 Рік тому

@@levitatingoctahedron922 The what?

@eidechsentyp1236 Рік тому

@@levitatingoctahedron922 Ohh the Jewish world conspiracy! Directly from the protocols?

@levitatingoctahedron922 Рік тому

@@eidechsentyp1236 If the blatant evidence wasn't everywhere you could always just study their Talmud, which unlike protocols they can't deny is their own. Tells you everything you need to know.

@eidechsentyp1236 Рік тому

@@levitatingoctahedron922 where in the Talmud does it say that they started the thirty years war?

@peterschaldemose7861 Рік тому

What a great lesson

@robertboyle2573 Рік тому

For anyone interested the 1970 film The Last Valley is set during the Thirty Years War, and very good it is too!

@zetectic7968 Рік тому

Very interesting! More new information for me & thanks to you for a very good video explaining the causes clearly. I look forward to more great content from you in 2023. Sadly my funds are limited so I can only support you by renewing my Nord subscription.

@eldermoose7938 Рік тому

the lead up is honestly almost as cool as the actual war

@raylast3873 7 місяців тому

It should be noted that movements like the Hussites and the Peasant Wars were massively driven by the economic suffering of the peasantry, while the actual Reformation essentially boiled down to a clash of interests between the Church and the traditional hierarchy on the one hand, and the high nobility as well as the rising urban classes. The question of feudalism and the nobility itself, and the related question of the fate of the peasantry, were not really on the table here.

@ArtilleryAffictionado1648 Рік тому

Damn i had a hard time with the Thirty Years War book (Peter H. Wilson). The writing is very complicated and often assumes you know what the author is talking about. no idea how you manage to read tru it to make this video. I don't think i've ever tried to read a more confusing book in my life. kudos!

@DerWeisskunig Рік тому

I was looking forward to getting that book. Was it your introduction to the Thirty Years War, or did you already have a fundamental understanding of the war?

@olivercromwell432 Рік тому

his book if for advanced students

@wanderingchandelure95 Рік тому

Then C. V. Wedgewood’s The Thirty Years War might be the book for you. It’s written in 1920s, sure, but personally I found it much more readable and less hefty than Europe’s Tragedy.

@ArtilleryAffictionado1648 Рік тому

@@wanderingchandelure95 hm wonder why its not on google books. will have to ship it from overseas. thanks for the recomendation btw Eidt: i found his biography of William of Orange and i am having a good time. Double thank you :)

@ArtilleryAffictionado1648 Рік тому

@@DerWeisskunig it's hard to explain. i had read the entire english wikipedia page and knew a lot about the HRE and it's geography. still found the book strange... Like for starters the introduction takes 300 pages and most of it is not used in the book. The war itself is described in a very confusing way. Don't think i disrespect the author, but he makes so little effort to keep you engaged :/

@konst80hum Рік тому

This is gonna be good!

@pablolongobardi7240 Рік тому

What I learnt today: the thirty years war is far too complicated to learn casually listening to a podcast on the way to work. Mental summary: important people in and out of the empire were too concerned about what others believed and too afraid that others were going to impose their religion on them

@matthewdavid6134 Рік тому

All this could’ve been solved with with just one phrase “Do unto others as you would have done unto you.” -The big JC.

@raylast3873 7 місяців тому

Imperial Cities in the HRE weren‘t just independent from the powerful aristocrats, they were legally equal to them and essentially had their own feudal property. I.e. and Imperial City had it‘s own fiefdom where the peasants were vassals not to a local nobleman, but to the council of the imperial city and had to pay taxes/levies to the city. This legal framework was a massive driver of urbanization but also proved a major source of conflict with the powerful princes. As these became more and more powerful, the fact that most of the economically valuable cities in the empire were legally independent of them was obviously a problem. That they would seek to annex these cities as well as fight over them was basically inevitable.

@superlegomaster55 Рік тому

Amazing video to end 12-2022

@andzzz2 Рік тому

Really great job! The Thirty Years' War is such an instructive conflict with, unfortunately, many parallels with today. While our current rulers could certainly use a refresher course in the hard won lessons of Westphalian sovereignty, the tensions that led to the conflagration and how they could have been better managed, are even more important. I can highly recommend C.V. Wedgwood's classic on the subject. One factor you touched on needs some added context. That is the Spanish superpower was basically bankrupt at this point and NEEDED to retake the Netherlands at the end of the Twelve Years' Truce (1621). Ferdinand II's ambitions may have destabilised a fragile status quo, which have been unsalvageable anyway, as you point out, but any strong Palatinate would have sunk his Spanish cousins. There is nothing more dangerous than a superpower in decline.

@ekesandras1481 Рік тому

The Dutch were pirating along the coast of Brazil and even occupied parts of the country. No Spanish/Portuguese king could accept such a hostile behavior.

@andzzz2 Рік тому

@@ekesandras1481 That must have really stung, but the Low Countries themselves were needed for their wealth. At least acoording to CV Wedgwood.

@12azama Рік тому

Whats the song that is playing at the start of the video?

@manfredgrieshaber8693 Рік тому

The Habsburgs needed to reconquer the Netherlands as this seven provinces had been the most powerful parts of the Habsburg territories in economic terms. But the Spanish had lost the maritime option in the battles of the Great Armada in 1588 and later in the battle of Dunkirk in 1609. The french king wanted to break the Habsburg encirclement (Habsburgs ruled in Spain, Portugal, Northern Italy, Burgundy, Alsace and in the Spanish Netherlands, nowadays Belgium). So he wanted to jam the so called spanish roads along the River Rhine. The Habsburgs tried to strenghten their strongholds along this roads. When the count palatine intervened in the bohemian struggle he gave the Emperor the opportunity to occupy his country. And the Landgraves of Hesse got into a bitter struggle about the religious terms in the Landgraviate of Hesse-Marburg. The Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel violated the contract about the heritage of Hesse so his own cousin, the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt accused him at the Reichshoftag. The Emperor supported him but forced him to hand over the fortress Rheinfels located on the left bank of the River Rhine to the Spanish Emperor. Later the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt became an ally to the Habsburgs, the Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel became a swedish ally and both transferred their countries into a major battleground of the Thirty Years War. All this mess and loss of lives only because the Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel had forced the subjects in Hesse-Marburg to chance from lutherian protestantism to calvinism.

@trockenerkakau6585 Рік тому

can you make a video about the siege of cadiz of 1810

@clintmoor422 Рік тому

staggering!

@manog6236 5 місяців тому

iv been reading the ring of fire series by eric flint where a modern american town got isekaied to the 30yrs war. I really got intrested at the period.

@oriffel Рік тому

awesome

@sheldonwheaton881 Рік тому

I've found it almost impossible to explain this War to folks who aren't somewhat familiar with the time. "It's really complicated". As a " map nut", I still can't name the various German Statelets of the era!

@antonleimbach648 Рік тому

I can totally relate to the guy with the pipe at 13:14 WTF is happening?!?!

@Mechabang Рік тому

The Thirty Years War would be a great sequel idea for Kingdom Come Deliverance

@dembro27 6 місяців тому

Wasn't it set before the Hussite Wars? I think Henry's dad mentioned Jan Hus being burned at the stake.

@realhawaii5o Рік тому

1:30 tragedy!? My homeland of Portugal is independent because of this war. Anything but a tragedy. It was a beautiful moment of sucking it to the Habsburgs.

@retepeyahaled2961 Рік тому

I have a theory and would gladly hear your opinion on it. Spain had gained tremendous riches and thereby power since it conquered parts of America and parts of Asia. Their royals (the Habsburgs) bought many thrones in southern Europe and even seized a major influence in the Catholic Church. The countries in middle and northern Europe did not want to yield to the Spanish / Habsburgs nor to the Catholic church which they saw as a fifth column in service of the Spanish. So therefore the protestants were helped to political power by non Habsburg nobility, who in this way stopped the influence of the Spanish. My theory: protestantism was helped into becoming a major religion to stop Spanish influence in countries, that did not want to fall into the hands of the Spanish / Habsburg nobility.

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

-- opinion on the top of my head without much further thinking or research -- Depending on how far you want to go with this argument, I think it's a reasonable assumption, especially because you say "helped into becoming", implying that there are many other factors. However, I'm not sure whether all of that is specifically related to the Spanish Habsburgs. I mean, yes, you're probably correct regarding the Dutch and their motivation to oppose the Spanish but for other's it really was the influence of the church itself (and the pope) on everyday life (I think that's especially true for Luther and his time). For the normal soldier, part of the motivation to go to war was salvation. Some of them really thought that if they won't fight for the protestant or catholic cause that they might go to hell. For an important aristocrat however, the motivation might have had more of a basis in power dynamics and politics. But generally speaking, we should not forget that Protestantism had a deep religious root, but overtime it became entangled with politics (as everything does, and that's okay). That doesn't mean it was solely political. It was both at the same time. For a German prince, Protestantism was a good alternative to increase his own position. I think he didn't think of the Spanish Habsburgs but rather about his positions and his opportunities within the HRE. So, I guess, I'm trying to say that yes, opposition to the Spanish Habsburgs was a major factor for some to become a protestant (as was opposition to the monarch in France and elsewhere I'd add) but it's not enough to explain the movement. What about all the states in central and northern Europe (Denmark, England, Sweden etc.)? They didn't really have a connection to the Spanish and in the east the Austrians did their own thing for most of the time.

@retepeyahaled2961 Рік тому

@@SandRhomanHistory Thank you very much for your response. So opposition against Spanish influence played a role, but it was one of multiple factors; I gladly adopt your view.

@generaltom6850 5 місяців тому

17:40,I checked but I don’t think Fredrick V was margrave of Brandenburg, rather only count palatine of the Rhine (at the time).

@SandRhomanHistory 5 місяців тому

Not sure what you mean. We never say Frederick V was margrave of Brandenburg. Joachim Ernst was Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach at the time (he’s never mentioned but represented by his portrait several times)

@generaltom6850 5 місяців тому

Ah okay, because at 17:40 in the subtitles it was written Fredrick V Margrave of Brandenburg. Pretty sure the youtube subtitles were wrong.

@ingold1470 Рік тому

0:15 - Was the "twin-tailed comet" in Warhammer Fantasy adapted from this event?

@dembro27 6 місяців тому

Probably. The Empire is inspired by the HRE.

@charlesiragui2473 Рік тому

Small point: Ferdinand II was supported by Phillip III of Spain, not Phillip II. Phillip II had died in 1598. Great video. I especially liked the focus on the governance of the HRE, which is generally ignored.

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

Damn! Don't know how that made it into the video but I've added a correction statement to the pinned comment!

@jacobhammock3355 Рік тому

The League war for me is probably the most fascinating time in Europe history

@Taleton Рік тому

I hear a Swiss Man in the voice of the speaker... Well done thanks!

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

Grüezi and thanks!

@Taleton Рік тому

@@SandRhomanHistory Gruess us Sparta.... and a happy New Year wünsch ich dir....

@gerfand Рік тому

Watching this video, you wonder if that could have been prevented

@Ramtin-Blue_rose Рік тому

Would you suggest any book on thirty years war ?

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

for an in-depth overview definitely Wilson, Europe’s Tragedy. complicated but well worth the time.

@napoleonibonaparte7198 Рік тому

The beginnings of an unholy war in the Holy Roman Empire.

@frantiseksichinger1190 Рік тому

Unholy german confederate*

@dmitritelvanni4068 Рік тому

Everyone go read "as above so below" by Rudy Rucker. Trust me. Exceptionally written. Utterly captivating. Read it twice in 2 weeks lol.

@jacobharmon9795 Рік тому

I think there might be an error with your map, the low countries look reeeeally close to England

@TheGrenadier97 Рік тому

One can easily see the politics behind these supposedly religious conflicts. In any case, i wish things like Luther never happened.

@russellgardener126 Рік тому

17:16 - did you mean Philip III of Spain? Philip II died about 19 years previously

@sarcasmo57 Рік тому

Would suck to start such a long war.

@MR-G-Rod Рік тому

In the Western pre-modern era, religious questions became a political struggle (30 years war for example). In the Western post-modern era, political questions became a religious struggle (Aryan, Statism).

@markgarrett3647 Рік тому

Man learning about this conflict pretty much ruined the Bourbon monarchs and the French Catholic Church for me.

@mihovilraboteg6160 Рік тому

"The most Christian Turks of Europe"

@zetectic7968 Рік тому

Well the Hapsburg's didn't exactly come out smelling of roses, plus their inbreeding didn't help.

@mihovilraboteg6160 Рік тому

@@zetectic7968 Yes but every time they had the turks on the run or were close to uniting europe (Carlos V for example) "the most catholic" louis 123 had to intervine

@zetectic7968 Рік тому

@@mihovilraboteg6160 True. Under the doctrine of the enemy of my enemy is my friend, not that it helped France in the long term with their fight with the English.

@genghiskhanthereaper6327 Рік тому

@@zetectic7968 TURKS NEVER RUN TURKS MASSACRED EUROPEANS AND OR RULED GOLDEN AGE FOR OTTOMAN EMPİRE İN 15 16 CENTURY OTTOMAN RULED ALL EUROEPANS İN AND GREAT WAR İN THİRD WARS CATHOLİC.VS PROTESTAN.

@samuelbutler2566 Рік тому

Interestingly, the brewing threat of religious war and the sighting of Halley's comet is one of the main things that caused many of the English Puritan pilgrims living in Holland to set sail for North America.

@petejohnson8366 Рік тому

The founders of the Constitution understood the history and that's why we have religious freedom in this country

@EnigmaG Рік тому

the empire in warhammer is basically the fantasy version of the holy romman empire, wih the emperor and the regional elector counts

@Anaris10 Рік тому

Optimum!

@lawrenceralph7481 Рік тому

Much here for thoughtful Americans to contemplate.

@SandRhomanHistory Рік тому

Yeah definitely! Learning about how political systems actually work, and why they are set-up in a specific way and how opposing cultural movements without any will to find some common ground tend to lead to escalation and horrible conflict is something that history could teach us. It would be a good tool for many people around the world, not just Americans!

@merelleenman Рік тому

''babe, wake up, SandRhoman uploaded.''

@majorhumbert676 9 місяців тому

Please, write a book

@frankemerson8584 Рік тому

It was not 1P/Halley that was witnessed in November 1618, but C/1618 W1. Halley came in our neighbourhood in 1607 and then 1682 😉

@eljanrimsa5843 Рік тому

Thurn is pronounced with a T not a Th, and the u is like in English two not like in English turn. In Matthias the i is pronounced like the i in history, not like the in high.

@AlphaSections Рік тому

Interesting, I didn't know.

@randomdude2026 Рік тому

They know. They are Germans. They just pronounce the name the english way to make it easier for English viewers. If you go on their German channel you will see that they pronounce the names the correct way.